TLE 10 Agri Crop Prod Module 4 Grade 9 PDF

lOMoARcPSD|31411564 TLE10-Agri Crop Prod-Module 4 grade 9 (Bicol College) Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564...

lOMoARcPSD|31411564 TLE10-Agri Crop Prod-Module 4 grade 9 (Bicol College) Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 10 TLE Quarter 3 – Agri-Crop Production Module 4: OHS Requirements in the Workplace NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 T L E– Grade 10-Agri-Crop Production Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 4: OHS Requirements in the Workplace Second Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Aiza M. Abingayan Editors: Eva May L. Baguio, April Marie G. Zerna Reviewer: Jonathan L. Bayaton Typesetter: Aiza M. Abingayan Layout Artist: Aiza M. Abingayan Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin CESO V Rosela R. Abiera Joelyza M. Arcilla EdD Maricel S. Rasid Marcelo K. Palispis EdD Elmar L. Cabrera Nilita R. Ragay EdD Antonio B. Baguio Jr. EdD Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 E-mail Address: [email protected] Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Introductory Message This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning. Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Thank you. i Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the nature of Agricultural Crop Production. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. What I Know Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers in your notebook. ___________1. Wear protective equipment to suit the task. ___________2. Understanding the risks will keep you safe. ___________3. Use mechanical aids whenever possible. ___________4. A company's compliance officer generally is in charge of supervising and handling issues related to compliance with laws or regulations, including making sure that the company is up to date with its licensing requirements. ___________5. Legal, moral and financial are three key reasons for managing health and safety. 1 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Lesson OHS Requirements in the 1 Workplace Occupational health and safety (OHS) standards mandate reduction, removal or replacement of job site hazards. OHS programs also help minimize the effects of such hazards. Company management and employers are obliged to provide a safe working environment for all of the employees. OHS – Occupational Health and Safety OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPE – Personal Protective Equipment HSR – Health and Safety Representative What’s In Directions: Answer the following guide questions in your notebook. 1. What is OHS to you? 2. How does OHS help in irrigation maintenance? 3. Does irrigation maintenance need OHS? What’s New Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, otherwise write FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers in your notebook. _________1. Occupational Health Safety is not for the safety of everybody. _________2. The occupational health and safety require the employer to bring about and maintain work environment that is safe and without risk. _________3. All employees are encouraged to participate in developing, implementing, and enforcing Health and Safety policies and procedures. _________4. Safety and compliance are two different things. In other words, you can be aware of OSHA standards, risks on the job, and how to prevent accidents and injury. _________5. A safe and healthy workplace not only protects workers from injury and illness, it can also lower injury/illness costs, reduce absenteeism and turnover, increase productivity and quality, and raise employee morale. 2 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 What is It Importance of OHS (Occupational Health and Safety) in the Workplace Protective umbrella to ensure physical, social and mental health and safety in work environments is essential for a company or organization. Occupational safety and health system with effective and efficient framework for the workforce can help minimize and prevent workplace accidents, injuries, hazard, medical illnesses and death. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Management Occupational health and safety (OHS) focuses on primary prevention of hazards while dealing with employees at the workplace. The risk factors at the workplace and several determinants of health of the workers account for accidents, musculoskeletal and respiratory diseases, cancers, hearing loss, circulatory and communicable diseases, stress related disorders and others. Occupational health and safety (OHS) relates to safety, health and welfare issues at workplace. OHS includes standards, laws and programs aimed at improving workplace conditions for workers and co- workers, family members, customers and other stakeholders. Improving occupational health and safety standards ensure better brand image, good business and higher employee morale. Occupational health and safety address different types of workplace hazards and concerns such as chemicals and physical hazards, biological agents, psychological fallout, ergonomic issues and accidents. Importance of Occupational Health and Safety Management at Workplace Multidisciplinary field of occupational health and safety with the goal of occupational safety and health programs is concerned to foster a safe and healthy work environment. The main focus of occupational health includes promotion and maintenance of working capacity and employee health; improvement of working environment; development of work cultures and organizations to support health and safety; promotion of positive social climate and smooth operation; enhanced productivity of the organization. Occupational health and safety (OHS) standards mandate reduction, removal or replacement of job site hazards. OHS programs also 3 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 help minimize the effects of such hazards. Occupational health and safety considerably benefit the company; as healthy employees are guaranteed to be more productive. Working conditions at employment in the existing economy need to embrace important determinants of working hours, salary, maternity policies, provisions for health promotion and protection. The employer or supervisors acting as the representatives are legally responsible for the safety and health of the workforce at workplace. The common goal remains to identify hazardous materials, conditions and practices at workplace; assist employers and workers in reducing or eliminating the risks. With the goal to ensure that employees work effectively, occupational health and safety targets employers and employees. Occupational safety professionals are concerned about all workplace hazards with emphasis on prevention of workplace fatalities and traumatic injuries. Industrial hygienists are a source of special expertise to identify and control hazards associated with acute or chronic exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. Occupational medicine physicians and occupational health nurses are distinguished by providing clinical care programs aimed at health protection and promotion of disease prevention. The services provided include health screening and surveillance programs; diagnosis, prevention and treatment of work-related injury and illness; pre- placement and periodic return-to-work examinations; independent medical examinations; impairment evaluations; disability and case management; drug testing; behavioral and emotional counselling to avoid effect on job performance. Such simple improvements can increase competitiveness, profitability and motivates the workforce. What are OHS requirements? Occupational health and safety are concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The enjoyment of these standards at the highest levels is a basic human right that should be accessible by each and every worker. The Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993), requires the employer to bring about and maintain, as far as reasonably practicable, a work environment that is safe and without risk to the health of the workers. This means that an employer needs to ensure that the company is as compliant to legislation as possible, to reduce injuries, remove hazards and make the work environment safe and healthy for employees. 4 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Occupational health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job. Courtesy of makrosafe.co.za However, it is not only the responsibility of the employer to keep the work environment safe and healthy. Section 14 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993) states that employees need to look out for their own safety as well as the health and safety of those around them. Health and safety are therefore everyone's duty. Here are 4 ways to make sure your employees follow your safety program as intended. 1. Provide Effective Training A strong training program should be your starting point for gaining employee buy-in. Training is specifically required in many OSHA standards, but that's just one reason to do it. Employees can't comply with your programs if they don't know how, and training is the key to bridging the gap between regulations on paper and in practice. It's imperative that you instruct employees when they need to wear PPE, how to wear it properly, how to inspect it, how to store and care for it, and how to dispose of it properly. Demonstrating to employees using real equipment and having them replicate the proper procedures will be more effective than any lecture or video. 5 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 You should also be constantly evaluating your training's effectiveness by assessing your employees' knowledge and observing their work practices. If you notice gaps, that's a sign that a refresher or retraining might be in order. It's a good idea to retrain your employees whenever new equipment, new hazards, or new tasks are introduced to the work environment. 2. Create and Enforce Clear Policies Effective and clearly-communicated safety policies with a matching disciplinary program are crucial to any safety program. If your employees don't know what's expected of them, you can't fault them for making mistakes. Your disciplinary policies need to be communicated and enforced consistently. The most effective disciplinary programs tend to be accumulative, with a first offense or a minor infraction earning a mild consequence such as a verbal warning, while severe or repeated disregard for safety can lead to consequences up to and including termination. Be careful, though, that your disciplinary programs don't retaliate against employees for reporting injuries and hazards. They should be focused on behaviors (e.g., not wearing required PPE) rather than outcomes (e.g., getting injured). 3. Engage Employees A strong safety program has open lines of communication between employees and managers. If you only address safety through a punishment- based model, employees may become afraid to raise safety concerns or ask questions. They are the ones who will notice and encounter hazards before anyone else, so if they know they can raise concerns without fear of reprisal, your workplace will be a safer place for everyone. 4. Secure Supervisor Support Supervisor buy-in is another critical piece of employee compliance. As the most frequent and immediate point of contact with management, supervisors have an enormous impact on how employees perceive the importance of safety in the workplace. If supervisors send a message that safety doesn't matter or don't comply themselves, employees will follow suit. Here are some tips to help make your workplace safe. 1. Understand the risks. Once you know the particular hazards of your job or workplace, you can take steps to reduce your risk of work-related injury or illness. 6 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 2. Reduce workplace stress. Common causes include long hours, heavy workload, job insecurity and conflicts with coworkers or bosses. Stress can lead to depression, sleeping difficulties and problems with concentration. 3. Take regular breaks. Staying fresh and alert will help you avoid injury or burnout. Schedule the most difficult tasks of each day for times when your concentration is best, such as first thing in the morning. 4. Avoid stooping or twisting. Use ergonomically designed furniture and equipment, and rearrange your work area so that everything you need is within easy reach. 5. Use mechanical aids whenever possible. Instead of trying to lift or carry a heavy object, use a wheelbarrow, conveyor belt, crane or forklift. 6. Protect your back. If you do need to pick up and carry heavy loads, keep the load close to your body and lift with your thigh muscles. 7. Wear protective equipment to suit the task. If worn correctly, gear such as earplugs, earmuffs, hard hat, safety goggles, gloves or full-face mask can dramatically reduce your risk of injury. 8. Stay sober. Alcohol and drugs are a contributing factor in around three per cent of workplace fatalities. 9. Talk over any concerns. Your employer or human resources manager need to be informed about hazards and risks. Your employer is legally obliged to ensure a safe working environment. 10. Know your rights. Organizations such as Work Safe Victoria or unions can offer information and advice on workplace safety issues. Worker Obligations Workers have obligations under work health and safety laws. A worker is a person who carries out work in any capacity for a business or employer or ‘person conducting a business undertaking’ They can be:  an employee  a trainee, apprentice or work experience student  a volunteer  an outworker  a contractor or sub-contractor  an employee of a contractor or sub-contractor  an employee of a labor hire company. 7 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 While at work a worker must:  take reasonable care for their own health and safety  take reasonable care for the health and safety of others  comply with any reasonable instructions, policies and procedure given by their employer, business or controller of the workplace.  Workers can also be considered visitors under some circumstances. Your safety responsibilities as a worker As a worker, you must take reasonable care of yourself and not do anything that would affect the health and safety of others at work. You must follow any reasonable health and safety instructions from your employer. It is important that you:  work safely  follow instructions  ask if you’re not sure how to safely perform the work  use personal protective equipment (PPE) in the way you were trained and instructed to use it  report injuries and unsafe and unhealthy situations to your supervisor or to your health and safety representative (HSR). If you work through a group training organization or labor hire agency, you can report any work health and safety concerns to either your supervisor, the HSR or your agency. What’s More Direction: True or False. Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is wrong. Write your answers on your notebook. _____1. An entrepreneur takes the initiative. He assumes responsibility in the failure or success of his business. _____2. Nothing is permanent but change. Change occurs frequently. _____3. Planning is a strategic thinking and a set of goal to achieve objectives and carefully maximizing all the available resources. _____4. Successful entrepreneurs can think quickly and make a wise decision towards the pre-determined set of objectives. _____5. For efficiency and quality, a good entrepreneur demands quality and efficiency not only from himself but also from her workers and suppliers. 8 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 What I Have Learned Write your personal insight of what you have learned from the lesson. Answer the question below. Write your answer in your notebook. Why is there a need to follow the occupational health safety in the workplace? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ What I Can Do Direction: Write a short paragraph on OHS (Occupational Health Safety) requirements that you practice inside your house. Write this in your notebook. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 9 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Assessment Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, otherwise FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers in your activity notebook. _______________1. The employer or supervisors acting as the representatives are legally responsible for the safety and health of the workforce at workplace. _______________2. Industrial hygienists are a source of special expertise to identify and control hazards associated with acute or chronic exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents. _______________3. Occupational medicine physicians and occupational health nurses are distinguished by providing clinical care programs aimed at health protection and promotion of disease prevention. _______________4. Occupational health and safety (OHS) standards mandate reduction, removal or replacement of job site hazards. _______________5. OHS programs also help minimize the effects of such hazards. 10 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 Answer Key T 5. T 4. vary. T 3. Answers may T 2. vary. T 1. Answers may What’s In TRUE 5. What’s More What I can Do TRUE 4. T 5. TRUE 3. vary. TRUE 2. T 4. True 5. Answers may T 3. TRUE 1. True 4. T 2. True 3. Learned Assessment T 1. True 2. What’s I Have False 1. What I Know What’s New References n.d. jliedu.com. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://www.jliedu.com/blog/importance-ohs- occupational-health-safety/. n.d. makrosafe.com. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://www.makrosafe.co.za/blog/makrosafe-21-tips-for-health-and-safety- compliance?cat=OHS%20Compliance%20Audit. n.d. ohsonline.com. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://ohsonline.com/Articles/2018/11/06/Safety-Compliance-4-Strategies-to-Get- Your-Employees-on-Board.aspx?Page=2. n.d. safework.nsw.gov.au. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://www.safework.nsw.gov.au/legal-obligations/worker-obligations. Images: https://www.makrosafe.co.za/uploads/5d41402ab43db971xjS7Ynsf/html_blobs_media/A3- Compliance-Poster.jpg 11 NegOr_Q3_Agri-CropProd10_Module4_v2 Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|31411564 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 Email Address: [email protected] Website: lrmds.depednodis.net Downloaded by CHER ICHAD ([email protected])