Thyroid and Parathyroid PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by FancyXenon
California State University, San Marcos
Tags
Summary
This document provides information on thyroid and parathyroid function, including classification, therapeutic uses, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and drug examples. It covers topics like hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and related conditions.
Full Transcript
5 Thyroid CLASSIFICATION T HERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS RUG...
5 Thyroid CLASSIFICATION T HERAPEUTIC MECHANISM OF ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS RUG D USES EXEMPLARS Thyroid Hormone Hypothyroidism S ynthetic form of thyroxine Few if any when correct dose used levothyroxine Replacement (T4, T3, or both) Skin reactions, loss of hair (Synthroid) Treatment of Increase the metabolic rate of body Symptoms of hyperthyroidism if dose myxedema coma tissues, increasing oxygen consumption, too high respiration, heart rate, growth and Less predictable effects: cardiac, CNS, S uppression of maturation, and metabolism of fat, difficulty swallowing TSH in the carbohydrates, and protein treatment/preve ntion of goiters Antithyroid Agents yperthyroidism( p H revent formation of thyroid hormone Effects of thyroid suppression; GI effects ropylthiouracil P Graves) within the thyroid cells, lowering the (PTU) and (Thioamides) s erum level; also partially inhibit methimazole conversion of T4 to T3 (Tapazole) Thyroid cancer Destroys thyroid producing cells adioactive R Iodine (RAI) T hyrotoxic Inhibits thyroid production & hormone ypothyroidism; iodism; staining of H Potassium iodide crisis/storm release d/t high levels of iodide teeth; skin rash; goiter (Iosat, Thyrosafe, Pre-Thyroidecto Thyroshield) my Parathyroid S ynthetic vitamin D hypocalcemia r egulate absorption of calcium and I effects G Calcitriol analog phosphate from small intestine, mineral CNS effects reabsorption in bone, reabsorption of Patients with liver or renal dysfunction phosphate from renal tubes may experience increased level of drugs and/or toxic effects Hypercalcemia 6 Interruption of treatment: severe hypocalcemia ntihypercalcemic A T reatment of Act to slow or block bone resorption ost common: abdominal pain, M Bisphosphonates Agents Paget’s disease constipation, musculoskeletal pain, nausea, diarrhea lendronate A Increase in bone pain with Paget’s (Fosamax) disease Esophageal ulceration Long-term use: increased risk of femoral s haft fractures Osteonecrosis of the jaw L ower calcium alance the effects of PTH B Flushing of the face and hands, skin Calcitonins levels Inhibit bone resorption rash, nausea and vomiting, urinary frequency, local inflammation at the site alcitonin salmon C of injection (Miacalcin) Intranasal route: nasal dryness and irritation Many of the side effects lessen with time
