Thorax, Upper Limb Anatomy PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by ChasteEternity503
Georgian National University SEU
Tags
Summary
This document provides an overview of the thoracic and upper limb anatomy, including diagrams and explanations of bones like the sternum, ribs, clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, and carpal bones. The anatomical structure and function are discussed in detail, covering different parts and features.
Full Transcript
Thorax, Upper Limb Thorax Skeleton Sternum Ribs Thoracic Vertebrae Sternum Manubrium Body Xiphoid process Notches (incisurae): Costal (incisurae costales) Clavicular (incisurae claviculares) Jugular (incisura ju...
Thorax, Upper Limb Thorax Skeleton Sternum Ribs Thoracic Vertebrae Sternum Manubrium Body Xiphoid process Notches (incisurae): Costal (incisurae costales) Clavicular (incisurae claviculares) Jugular (incisura jugularis) ❑ II rib attaches to the sternal angle Sternal Puncture Sternal Anomalies Normal Excavatum Carinatum Ribs (costae) True ribs (I-VII) - vertebrosternal False ribs (VIII-X) -vertebrochondral Floating ribs (XI-XII)-vertebral Anatomy of the rib Head (caput)-articular surface, crest (II-X) Neck (collum) Tubercle Body Angle – the weakest site Groove (sulcus) – for the neurovasculature I rib: ❑sulcus arteriae et venae subclaviae ❑tuberculum m. scaleni anterioris II rib: ❖tuberositas m. serrati anterioris First and second ribs Thoracic inlet and outlet (aperturae) Superior Inferior Cervical Rib Superior aperture syndrome Brachial plexus compression Subclavian artery compression Bones of the upper limb Girdle – clavicle, scapula Humerus Radius and ulna Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges Clavicle Acromial end Conoid tubercle Trapezoid line Sternal end Costoclavicular impression Shaft S-shaped Subclavian groove Clavicular fracture ❑Upward pull of the proximal segment by the sternocleidomastoid muscle ❑Downward pull of the distal fragment by the weight of the upper limb Scapula Surfaces Costal – subscapular fossa Dorsal - crest, supraspinous and infraspinous fossae Processes coracoid process, acromion Borders medial, lateral and superior Angles superior inferior lateral - glenoid cavity Scapula Humerus Proximal epiphysis Head, Tubercles (greater, lesser), necks (anatomical, surgical) Shaft Radial groove Deltoid tuberosity Distal epiphysis Condyle and epicondyles Trochlea, capitulum Coronoid, radial and ulnar fossae Long head of Biceps muscle – into the intertubercular groove Humeral fractures Fracture’s location? Radius Proximal epiphysis Head, neck, circumferentia articularis Shaft Radial tuberosiry Borders (anterior, posterior, interosseus) and surfaces (anterior, posterior, lateral) Distal epiphysis Styloid process Carpal articular surface Ulnar notch Colle’s fracture Transverse fracture through the distal 2 cm of the radius Results from a fall on an outstretched hand Distal segment of bone is displaced dorsally and proximally Styloid process appears proximal to the styloid of the ulna “dinner fork” deformity Ulna Proximal epiphysis Olecranon, coronoid process, trochlear notch, radial notch Shaft Ulnar tuberosity Borders (anterior, posterior, interosseus) and surfaces (anterior, posterior, medial) Distal epiphysis Head Styloid process Monteggia fracture ❑Ulnar fracture ❑Radial dislocation Galeazzi fracture ❖Radial fracture ❖Ulnar dislocation Skeleton of the hand Carpal bones Proximal row – scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform Distal row – trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate Metacarpals Base, body, head Phalanges Base, body, head Lunate dislocation ❖Moves toward the palmar surface ❖Can compress structures of the carpal tunnel Scaphoid fracture Hand fractures “Boxer”-s fracture Phalangeal fractures Thank you for attention!
