Theology 4 Midterm Reviewer PDF

THE LIFE ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO Donatism heresy, a belief that the validity “Too late I have loved You, O Beauty so of the sacraments (such as baptism and the ancient, yet ever new… You were with me, but I Eucharist) depended on the moral purity o...

THE LIFE ST. AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO Donatism heresy, a belief that the validity “Too late I have loved You, O Beauty so of the sacraments (such as baptism and the ancient, yet ever new… You were with me, but I Eucharist) depended on the moral purity of was not with you… You touched me, and I the clergy administering them. burned for Your peace.” - Confessions, Chap. Ex Opere Operato asserts that the validity XXVII and effectiveness of the sacraments do not depend on the moral character or holiness His father’s name is Patricius, and his of the minister administering them but mother, St Monica. rather on the inherent power of the His siblings are Navigius and Perpetua. sacrament itself as instituted by Christ. He was born on November 13, 354 Aurelius He became the Bishop of Hippo, modern day Augustinus is his real name Thagaste Annaba, Algeria. (modern day Souk Ahras, Algeria). Restless Heart, we will only find true peace There he received his early education. when we seek God. He met a woman, whom she never named. For St. Augustine, evil is the absence of They had a son and his son’s name is good, the absence of God. Adeodatus, meaning God-given, a gift from St. Augustine died on August 28, 430 AD God. leaving behind 100 books, 240 letters, and In 373 A.D., St. Augustine became a hearer more than 500 sermons. of Manichaeism. It teaches that the world is evil, and that knowledge is the only way to salvation. ST. AUGUSTINE ON LOVE “You shall love the Lord your God with all your Thirst for true wisdom was awakened in him heart, and with all your soul, and with all your after reading Cicero’s work Hortensius. St. mind… You shall love your neighbor as Augustine studied multiple religions to yourself.” compare the truth claims. He seeks for truth. (Mat 22:36-39 NRSV) The Conversion of St. Augustine Christian love is love for God, for one’s Then, an intervention from God came. He neighbor and for one’s self. heard a child’s voice singing tolle lege, Our craving is determined by what we think tolle lege, meaning take up and read. He is the good that will give us happiness Love took up the Bible and he was drawn to must be directed towards the right object, Rom. 13:13-14. This Bible verse led him to God. All our loves must be rooted on our love his conversion, to turn away from sin and for God. be baptized: There are two kinds of love St. Monica prayed fervently for her son’s o cupiditas – (desires) clings to worldly conversion. things and St. Ambrose, the bishop of Milan has o caritas – (charity) love that leads to influences St. Augustine to convert as a good and to God. Roman Catholic. Between April 24 - 25, The right love consists in the right object, 387 AD, St. Augustine was baptized by The object that we love could lead us him. towards God or to do evil deeds. In 391 A.D., Valerius ordained St. Augustine We are transformed by what we love. The to the priesthood. kind of self-love that is not just loving our In 394 AD, St. Augustine encountered the present self, but loving that which will make  us live forever, our eternal self. goodness God. We must love uninterestedly and Friendship must be based on TRUTH and uninterestedly, without expecting ACCEPTANCE of strengths and something in return. weaknesses. St. Augustine reminds us: “Love but be STAGES OF FRIENDSHIP IN THE LIFE careful what you love.” OF ST. AUGUSTINE Extending compassion and kindness are also a form of love. Adolescence (Self-centered) “Love is the beauty of our soul” St. o There is a kind of friendship which is Augustine’s definition of love based on solely on companionship o He was encouraged to boast about his ST. AUGUSTINE ON FRIENDSHIP own sexual pursuits (even when they were imaginary) and the actual pursuit According to ancient thinkers, there are two of sexual deeds by this kind of essential things in life, healthy life and friendship. friendship. Young Adulthood (Love is the basis) o It is The Greek word for it is philia, the Latin based on common concerns, values, and word for it is amicitia. common commitments. o The measure of True Friendship is rooted in Jesus Christ. o a true friendship is not what we can get out God is the glue that binds friendship of it but whether it leads us to the together. appreciation of our friends in their totality. Friendship rooted in the Christian faith, the Friendship in Christ highest manifestation of love for neighbor. o Christ is the first brother. Mutual correction (Ituwid ang pagkakamali o “All Christian people are called to be ng kaibigan) and rebuke is part of Christian ‘friends in Christ”. friendship (vera amicitia) o He works to build up a spirit of fraternal Concordia is an essential element of affection and support in the monastery friendship, being of one heart and invites all there to share in that Benevolence is characteristic of friendship. It friendship which seeks God together. is wishing the salvation of our friends; o His dream is that in the end there be but bringing friends to God. one Christ loving himself. “The eyes of friendship neither look down nor look up to a friend; they look at the ST. AUGUSTINE ON FRATERNAL friend.” CORRECTION Purest friendship occurs between humans Beloved, let us love one another; for love is of when we love the other because of the God, and he who loves is born of God and knows good we see in them, a reflection of the God. He who does not love does not know God; good God. for God is love. The volatile nature of friendship, Actions (1John 4:7-8) intended for the good could be misunderstood; people change. ❖ To correct someone or one’s friend from Friendship could make one worse or foster wrongdoing is an act of charity or love. ❖ various vices. Our friends have the power Everyone has to be helped by others to attain to influence our behavior, so choose to their goal, because no-one can see themselves love a friends that brings you to the objectively, nor is it easy to recognize one’s own faults.