The Circulatory System PDF

  FUNCTION OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The main function of the circulatory system is to carry oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the body and to remove carbon dioxide and other wastes from the cells.  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY A SYSTEM typical person has around fo...

  FUNCTION OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The main function of the circulatory system is to carry oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the body and to remove carbon dioxide and other wastes from the cells.  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY A SYSTEM typical person has around four to five liters of blood. However, men generally have more blood than women. The blood transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells, and carries waste materials out of the body. In addition, blood carries hormones that control body  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Components of the circulatory system: Heart Blood Blood vessels  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM THE HEART Your heart is about the size of your clenched fist. It pumps blood through the blood vessels.  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM THE BLOOD Our blood is also known as the “river of life”. It transports a variety of essential elements throughout the body. Blood has several functions.  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM THE BLOOD ⮚ Transport of dissolved nutrient gases, hormones, and s, ⮚ metabolic wastes. against Protection toxins, pathogens, and blood loss injuries. ⮚ Stabilization of body temperature. ⮚ Regulation of the pH through the blood buffering system and electrolyte composition of interstitial fluids throughout the body. THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Blood and Its Composition ⮚ Blood Plasma ⮚ Blood Cells and Cell Fragments - red blood cells (erythrocytes) - white blood cells (leukocytes)  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM BLOOD VESSELS a. Arteries- are blood vessels that move blood away from the heart. Arterial wall is very elastic to accommodates the pumping of the blood, Blood that enters the artery is under  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM BLOOD VESSELS b. Veins- are blood vessels that move blood with wastes toward the heart. Blood that enters the vein flows slower and smoother because the heart does not push blood through veins  THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM BLOOD VESSELS C.Capillaries- Arteries and veins are connected by very small blood vessels called capillaries. The walls of most capillaries are only one cell thick. Allows diffusion of nutrients, waste materials, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.  PAIRED ACTIVITY: Instructions 1.Each pair will be given one part of the heart. 2.Discuss the location and function of each part. 3.Share your answers to the class afterwards. PERICARDIU M double-layered sac that surrounds and protects the heart to anchor the heart in the chest, protect it from infection and physical damage, and prevent overfilling of the heart with blood. The serous pericardium also secretes a lubricating fluid ENDOCARDIU M innermost layer of the heart, forming a smooth, thin lining of endothelial cells. Its functions include reducing friction within the heart's chambers, allowing blood to flow smoothly, and preventing blood clots MYOCARDIU M middle layer of the heart and consists of cardiac muscle tissue. Its primary function is to contract and pump blood throughout the body. The myocardium's contraction generates the force needed to propel blood through the AORT A body’s largest artery carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body helps distribute oxygen and nutrients ATRIUM - two upper chambers of the heart right atrium - receives deoxygenated blood from the body left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the VENA CAVA Superior and Inferior return deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium of VENTRICLES- lowe chambers r responsible pumping blood for right ventricle- pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the TRICUSPID VE VAL located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium SEPTU M a wall that separates the right and left sides of the heart, ensuring that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix. PULMONIC VE VAL located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right PULMONARY carries ARTERY deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, where it gets oxygenated PULMONARY carry oxygenated VEINS blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart, which is then pumped into the MITRAL located VALVE between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left AORTIC located VALVE between the left ventricle and the aorta. It prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle HEART FAILURE occur when s the heart can't effectivel blood y, leadingpump to symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling HYPERTENSION (HIG BLOOD H Persistent PRESSURE) bloo high d pressure can strain the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS Born with heart defects that can affect the heart's structure and function. These may be diagnosed in RHEUMATI HEAR C T DISEASE fro result m untrea throat. streIt ted damages p heart valves and can lead to heart failure if MYOCARDITIS Inflammation of the heart muscle, often due to infections or autoimmune ASSIGNME NT: Study pulmonary and systematic