Test One Review PDF - History - Colonial America

[Identification terms (be able to identify these terms and match them to their definition):] Antinomians Pueblos Caravel Northwest Passage Roanoke Jamestown John Rolfe Powhatan Pilgrims Puritans Predestination Congregationalism Quakers Joint-Stock Company Harvard Yeoman Nathaniel Ba...

[Identification terms (be able to identify these terms and match them to their definition):] Antinomians Pueblos Caravel Northwest Passage Roanoke Jamestown John Rolfe Powhatan Pilgrims Puritans Predestination Congregationalism Quakers Joint-Stock Company Harvard Yeoman Nathaniel Bacon Metacom Spectral evidence Fort Duquesne [Know the following information for the multiple choice and T/F questions on the exam:] -Know the notable Archaic cultures discussed in lecture. - - - - - -What factors led Europeans to colonize North and South America? the opportunity to make money of raw materials like tobacco indentured servants crops like cotton,corn,and indigo -Who were the two men who advanced the Protestant Reformation? Martin luther and john calvin -Know the main details about the early days of Jamestown. the colonists were attacked by Powhatan Indians In 1607, 104 English men and boys arrived in North America to start a settlement. On May 13 they picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement, which was named after their King, James I. The settlement became the first permanent English settlement in North America. -Know the differences between colonial life in the northern and southern colonies. The core of the northern colonies was industry, opportunities, and manufacturing, while the core of the southern colonies was formed around agriculture, and wealth -The Pilgrims and Puritans are two of the best known groups that settled in the colonies. What makes them memorable in history? What is the difference between them? The Pilgrims went on a journey to Holland, they left after 10 years there because their children were losing their English culture. They tried to get a charter to allow them to get a part of the original Virginia charter. They had navigation problems that led them off course, and ended up near Cape Cod. They were extremely low on food and supplies it was also November so it was quite cold. The Puritans embraced the Calvinist ideal of Predestination, the notion that you were born saved or damned and nothing could change it. They formed the Massachusetts Bay Company and received a charter from the king in 1629 to establish a colony. In 1630, 17 ships carrying over 1,000 people sailed for America. By the end of a year, it nearly doubled. By the 1640s, over 16,000 people traveled to the colony. This much larger group spread out quickly, setting up their plots of land and forming communities. They felt driven by a divine force, and John Winthrop even declared the colony a New Israel, and a model Christian community which was what God had expected them to do. The Pilgrims were separatists meaning they wanted to separate from the Church of England because they felt it was still too close to Catholicism. The Puritans wanted to \'purify\' the Church of England of its Catholic rituals from within, not separate like the Pilgrims.colony, but they were forced to borrow money and eventually got the land that was -What colonies developed because of sectional divisions in Massachusetts Bay? Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut -What was the original system of labor in the colonies before slavery? Every member of the family worked in some aspect, including the women and children. Cooking was done over an open fire in the fireplace. Lighting in homes came from either candles or oil lamps, so any exacting work was difficult to do after sunset. Colonists usually went to bed early and rose at or near dawn to ensure they had enough daylight hours to complete their work. -The British passed the Navigation Acts and Staple Act in an effort to regulate trade. What were the terms of the acts? 1\) Only ships constructed in England, or operating with a crew that was 75% English could trade in the colonies. 2)Goods such as tobacco, sugar, cotton, indigo, etc. - essentially the raw goods produced in the colonies - could only go to an English port. This allowed the British government to purchase the goods at a lower rate and then sell them for a profit -Who was involved in Bacon's Rebellion and what was the outcome of it? Nathaniel Bacon was involved in the Bacon\'s Rebellion. This led to a civil war pitting Bacon\'s followers against Berkeley loyalists. The conflict was often bitter and personal---at one point, Berkeley bared his chest and dared Bacon to kill him. After the governor fled Jamestown for the Eastern Shore, he returned, only to be chased away by Bacon\'s army, which burned the capital. -Know the main details of King Philip's War. A local Wampanoag chief named Metacomet, called King Philip by the English, joined forces with other local tribes including the Narragansett to resist the colonists\' encroachment on their lands in Massachusetts. The fighting lasted fourteen months, destroyed twelve frontier towns and cost the lives of hundreds of colonists and even more Native Americans. The war ended in August 1676, shortly after Metacomet was captured and beheaded. Some of his supporters escaped to Canada; those who surrendered were shipped off as slaves to the West Indies. The Puritans interpreted their victory as a sign of God\'s favor, as well as a symbolic purge of their spiritual community. -What was the Dominion of New England, and why was it created? The Dominion of New England was a merging of British colonies in New England in the 17th century. It was created to tighten control over the administration affairs of the New England colonies -The Salem witch trials began with three accusations. Who made them, and who did they accuse, and why were these women easy targets? Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne accused; Tituba, because she was a Parris\' Caribbean slave, Sarah Good because she was a homeless beggar; and Sarah Osborne because she was an elderly impoverished woman. -The French and Indian Wars finally settled the fight between French and British colonists over land. Know the names of them, which was the most important, and what the outcome was of the last war. King William\'s War Queen Anne\'s War King George\'s War French & Indian War/Seven Year\'s The most important war was the French & Indian War/Seven Year\'s, and it was also the last war. The outcome of this war was the Peace of Paris the treaty that ended the French & Indian War. Britain gained Canada and all land East of the Mississippi River. Officially established British supremacy in North America Colonists and Crown had different ideas about the outcome of war Colonists wanted to expand past Appalachian Mtns, but Britain forbade it and placed troops along a line to prevent expansion. Colonists would be forced to quarter the soldiers as well. King and Prime Minister decided to raise taxes on colonists to help pay off debt from wars.