Synapses 2024-25 PDF

Electrical Synapses Chemical Synapses (NMJ) & A practional fold (muschaw Acetylcholine Receptor YusedinaNT motor neutons in vertebrate  synaptic ( F ro m Post membrane topvia) Acetylcholine...

Electrical Synapses Chemical Synapses (NMJ) & A practional fold (muschaw Acetylcholine Receptor YusedinaNT motor neutons in vertebrate  synaptic ( F ro m Post membrane topvia) Acetylcholine Receptors Em> freeze fracture  Acetylcholine receptors around a dark spot Has 5 bright sports receptor protein subvints bright spot-acetylcholine Nat to flow dankspot-pores allowing  sidevier top view transmembrane each has its ownAA sequences + where Ligand subvicts - bindsto only up to 5 ligands canbud mimum of 2  fast pathway-conotropic of states is conchannel The changing called Flicked. ↓ acetylcholinereceptor and are conotropic receptors metabotropic receptors doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.05.001 Trends in Neurosciences, July 2011, Vo  & natura mAChR – metabotropic responses and Beta-receptor 2 nd messenger pathway Types of Ach receptor - ofels agonist is nicotive nAChR conotropic receptor one + mAChR receptor -> no porcs formed - muscarinic Cagonist - metabotropic  mum rhythmic cardiacAction potential  i Natentering Centermeable C to pottasmum done by metabotrobra Activation of heartraters slow pathway-metabotropic -nopores sendge pathway activated is modulated the Gprotein gets activity of let catchannels or Takes longer-lasting effect Acetylcholine increases conductance to potassium, cell making It harderto get to threshold decreasing heart rate , systems calm effect Rest-digest  - flight-fight response CAMP P and activates release norphinephrine binds to Breceptors actuate G protem, AFP , - Nat threshold Fasters modulating - reach protein kinase - funny channel > increases - conductance to more calcium release - Increased HR+ more blood released Agonists Antagonists  Amanita muscaria Nicotiana tabacum Antagonist toxin in venom that immobilize victim Many-banded Krait (Bungarus multicinctus) antagonist of nicotine Ach cot receptors , it blocks the receptors , Paralyzes the if persons secondary stops their breathing  Surgery (paralyze estopemuscle from reaction/cotraction to Antagonist of nicotine Ach receptor, surgeons uses m. stimulation relaxes , muscles for operator) Its also harvest from frogs - , next page > from insert they eat -  Deadly Nightshade Plant – Atropa belladonna Produces atropin competitive muscarinic , receptor blockage - heart rate e parasympatheticis -dilated pupil , mcreased  synapses Gap functions E electrical CNT Substances) chemical synapses > mediated - by conotropic receptors fast chemical synapses doesn't have pore a ↳ slow chemical synapses > - mediated by metabotropic receptors Ligandsite) > Calso has bunding activated otherpathway in - serotonin veuptake SSRI-> targets cell to do something disorders ↳ depressions , amgety MAVI NORE  AxPresynaptic -AP cell ↳ ( ⑮ (synaptic boutons reserved vesicle to travel throughthe microtubules and Dim [catt (vincuse) the H triggers active cone motor Prote CA ↑ totheasily decreases godown it travels S as attman here ↓ than inside so catfish and side - concentration , theres an increase in and theses the trigger is o message) Cresclefuses · Hadathe -Targetsmall presynaptic area in & membrane and indus endoa 3 thembaca a bring or helps recycle Neurotransm sicipt cleft clath " - ir post : s I a I x vo c e g a n m a t a n · Postsynaptic potential Fum post synaptic current synap > comes Y - af release ! matrix (what fills the cleftup) (dendrite synaptic cleft has mucopolysaccharide synapses together - > mucousy glue keeps > - - small > wide (not alot ofspace to diffuse) 20um - -thesize is pretty off ? how to turn a synapse of NT -helps stop) difission > synaptic cleft diffuses away (reducing conc - some Ni released in the NT that gets released Recycling - - back NT and recycle the -presynaptic bouton > brings - enzymes) - parts afterwards gets recycled more to make in the cleft( by NT molecules become enzymatically degraded - > Reuptake-  learning - strengthening/formation of new synapses. responses Modulatur of synapse (synaptic activities's Pre - C Chana controlled centrally bouton) -> method of recomment potential firing rateCof spices on - Action - D vesicle/Active zone postsynaptic response Post saturation of netics a larger neurotransmitter-Creuptake enzymatic degradation) the I of receptors density S affecting -Change , f - Affect rate of removal of how can receptor density affected ? be - use the synapse , activity dependent alot - developmental processes disease Cattacking Acetylcholine receptors Ex immune system -diseases that affectio : - toxins Acetylcholine (biogenic Amine) Choline Acch - Enzyme > Choline - Acetyltransferase degrading Acetylcholine. reaction > - Acetylcholine esterase > reverse - 2rog Not Ach = lo"channel) um The Ach completely mediated all for human (Neurotransmitters) > Animals - is also modulated with Ach Croith others)  - Serin Gas-> made from castor beans ↳ can be volatile excitation of acetylcholine ↳When Inhaled inhibits , acetylcholine esterase, I increase activity of cholmergic nuron in the body is over receptors In ↳ Paralytic effect on receptors ↳ Parasumpathetic Ns responses receptor effect - untagonist to muscarinic the 4 Atropin counter neurochemical level No treatment or are on ↳ reactivate Acetylcholinesterase but not effectively enough ↳ Oxins can molecule not the messenger of a cell depends on the Response  Cypress · Get release 1111 T