Students' History and Culture of English-speaking Countries Questionnaire-1 PDF

HISTORY I QUESTIONNAIRE USA HISTORY: COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (Including Colonial Periods of Canada and India) 1.​ What was the main crop in the southern American colonies?​ a) Wheat​ b) Tobacco​ c) Cotton​ d) Rice​ 2.​ The Proclamation of 1763 restricted coloni...

HISTORY I QUESTIONNAIRE USA HISTORY: COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (Including Colonial Periods of Canada and India) 1.​ What was the main crop in the southern American colonies?​ a) Wheat​ b) Tobacco​ c) Cotton​ d) Rice​ 2.​ The Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonial settlers from moving:​ a) North of the Great Lakes​ b) West of the Appalachian Mountains​ c) South of Florida​ d) East of the Atlantic Ocean​ 3.​ In Canada, the early French settlers established a colony known as:​ a) New France​ b) Nova Scotia​ c) Hudson Bay Territory​ d) Quebec Dominion​ 4.​ The East India Company played a significant role in colonizing:​ a) Canada​ b) India​ c) Australia​ d) South Africa​ 5.​ What act imposed taxes on printed materials in the American colonies?​ a) Sugar Act​ b) Stamp Act​ c) Townshend Acts​ d) Tea Act​ 6.​ Which event is considered the start of the American Revolutionary War?​ a) The Boston Tea Party​ b) The Battles of Lexington and Concord​ c) The signing of the Declaration of Independence​ d) The Siege of Yorktown​ 7.​ Which European power aided the American colonies during the Revolutionary War?​ a) Spain​ b) Portugal​ c) France​ d) The Netherlands​  8.​ What was the primary goal of the First Continental Congress?​ a) To declare independence​ b) To discuss grievances against British rule​ c) To create a new constitution​ d) To organize trade with France​ 9.​ The Quebec Act of 1774 expanded the territory of Quebec into which region?​ a) The Great Plains​ b) The Ohio Valley​ c) The Rocky Mountains​ d) The Mississippi Delta​ 10.​The American Revolution ended with the signing of which treaty?​ a) Treaty of Paris (1783)​ b) Treaty of Ghent​ c) Treaty of Versailles​ d) Treaty of Utrecht USA HISTORY: AMERICAN EXPANSION 11.​The concept of Manifest Destiny was primarily about:​ a) Spreading industrialization across the U.S.​ b) Expanding U.S. territory across North America​ c) Building a strong naval presence​ d) Maintaining peace with Native Americans​ 12.​What year was the Louisiana Purchase completed?​ a) 1783​ b) 1803​ c) 1812​ d) 1845​ 13.​What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?​ a) It allowed European colonization in the Americas.​ b) It opposed European interference in the Western Hemisphere.​ c) It led to the abolition of slavery.​ d) It marked the end of westward expansion.​ 14.​The construction of the transcontinental railroad was completed in:​ a) 1848​ b) 1869​ c) 1877​ d) 1890​ 15.​The annexation of Texas into the United States resulted in:​ a) The Mexican-American War​ b) The Civil War​ c) Increased trade with Canada​  d) The Louisiana Purchase​ USA HISTORY: CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION 16.​The primary cause of the Civil War was:​ a) Disputes over taxes​ b) Westward expansion​ c) Slavery and states' rights​ d) Conflict with Britain​ 17.​What was Abraham Lincoln's main goal during the Civil War?​ a) To free all slaves​ b) To preserve the Union​ c) To expand the U.S. Navy​ d) To conquer Canada​ 18.​Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?​ a) 13th Amendment​ b) 14th Amendment​ c) 15th Amendment​ d) 19th Amendment​ 19.​What organization was created during Reconstruction to help freed slaves?​ a) The Freedmen's Bureau​ b) The NAACP​ c) The Knights of Labor​ d) The Civil Rights League​ 20.​Reconstruction officially ended in:​ a) 1865​ b) 1877​ c) 1881​ d) 1890​ USA HISTORY: LATE 19TH CENTURY IMMIGRATION 21.​Most immigrants arriving at Ellis Island were from:​ a) Europe​ b) Asia​ c) South America​ d) Africa​ 22.​The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:​ a) Banned Chinese immigrants from entering the U.S.​ b) Restricted trade with China​ c) Encouraged Chinese laborers to settle in California​  d) Abolished taxes on Chinese businesses​ 23.​Immigrants often lived in tenements because:​ a) They were affordable but crowded and unsanitary.​ b) They were subsidized by the government.​ c) They offered the best facilities in the city.​ d) They were located in rural areas.​ USA HISTORY: WORLD WARS AND MODERN AMERICA 24.​What event led to the U.S. entering World War I?​ a) The bombing of Pearl Harbor​ b) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand​ c) The sinking of the Lusitania​ d) The Zimmermann Telegram​ 25.​The Treaty of Versailles officially ended:​ a) The American Revolution​ b) World War I​ c) World War II​ d) The Korean War​ 26.​What year did the U.S. enter World War II?​ a) 1939​ b) 1941​ c) 1943​ d) 1945​ 27.​What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?​ a) To rebuild European economies after WWII​ b) To increase U.S. agricultural exports​ c) To provide military support to NATO​ d) To expand the U.S. space program​ 28.​The Civil Rights Act of 1964 focused on:​ a) Ending racial segregation​ b) Equal pay for women​ c) Expanding voting rights​ d) Immigration reform​ 29.​The attack on Pearl Harbor occurred on:​ a) December 7, 1941​ b) June 6, 1944​ c) November 11, 1918​ d) September 1, 1939​  30.​What was the Manhattan Project?​ a) A strategy to defeat Germany in WWII​ b) The development of the atomic bomb​ c) The construction of skyscrapers in Manhattan​ d) A military alliance with Britain​ 31.​What was the purpose of the United Nations, established in 1945?​ a) To replace the League of Nations​ b) To prevent future global conflicts​ c) To promote international cooperation​ d) All of the above​ 32.​What event marked the beginning of the Cold War?​ a) The bombing of Hiroshima​ b) The Berlin Airlift​ c) The Cuban Missile Crisis​ d) The fall of the Berlin Wall​ 33.​The GI Bill was introduced to:​ a) Provide education and housing benefits to WWII veterans​ b) Train soldiers for the Korean War​ c) Fund public health programs​ d) Establish NASA USA HISTORY: POST-WORLD WAR II ERA (1945-1980) & CURRENT EVENTS 34.​The Civil Rights Movement was led by figures like:​ a) Martin Luther King Jr.​ b) Franklin D. Roosevelt​ c) John F. Kennedy​ d) Malcolm X​ 35.​The Vietnam War ended in:​ a) 1965​ b) 1975​ c) 1985​ d) 1995​ 36.​The Watergate scandal led to the resignation of which U.S. president?​ a) Richard Nixon​ b) Gerald Ford​ c) Jimmy Carter​ d) Lyndon B. Johnson​ 37.​Which U.S. program landed the first man on the moon?​ a) Mercury​ b) Gemini​  c) Apollo​ d) Artemis​ 38.​What economic policy was central to Ronald Reagan's presidency?​ a) New Deal​ b) Reaganomics​ c) The Great Society​ d) Trickle-Up Theory​ 39.​The September 11, 2001, attacks targeted which locations?​ a) Pentagon, White House, Empire State Building​ b) Twin Towers, Pentagon, a Pennsylvania field​ c) Statue of Liberty, White House, Pentagon​ d) Wall Street, Capitol Building, Twin Towers​ 40.​The Affordable Care Act was signed into law by:​ a) George W. Bush​ b) Bill Clinton​ c) Barack Obama​ d) Donald Trump​ BRITISH AND USA CULTURE: EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, HEALTH CARE, HOLIDAYS, AND FOOD 41.​In the UK, the term "public school" refers to:​ a) A free government-funded school​ b) A prestigious private school​ c) A school for international students​ d) A vocational training school​ 42.​The American equivalent of the UK’s “A-Levels” is:​ a) SAT exams​ b) AP (Advanced Placement) exams​ c) High school diplomas​ d) GED tests​ 43.​Which holiday is celebrated in both the U.S. and the UK?​ a) Thanksgiving​ b) Halloween​ c) Fourth of July​ d) Labor Day​ 44.​Which food is considered quintessentially British?​ a) Hot dogs​ b) Fish and chips​ c) Tacos​  d) Cheeseburgers​ 45.​In the U.S., the Medicare program provides health care for:​ a) Children​ b) Seniors aged 65+​ c) Low-income families​ d) Veterans​ 46.​Boxing Day is traditionally celebrated in:​ a) The United States​ b) The United Kingdom​ c) Canada​ d) Both b and c​ 47.​Thanksgiving in the U.S. is celebrated on:​ a) The first Thursday of November​ b) The last Thursday of November​ c) The second Thursday of November​ d) The fourth Thursday of November​ 48.​Which of the following foods is commonly associated with American culture?​ a) Pizza Margherita​ b) Hamburgers​ c) Croissants​ d) Sushi​ 49.​The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK is primarily funded by:​ a) Private insurance premiums​ b) Government taxation​ c) Donations​ d) Corporate sponsorships​ 50.​In the U.S., public schools are funded by:​ a) Federal income taxes​ b) State income taxes​ c) Local property taxes​ d) Private tuition fees​ BRITISH AND USA CULTURE: EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, HEALTH CARE, HOLIDAYS, AND FOOD (continued) 51.​In the U.S., the school year typically begins in:​ a) January​ b) March​ c) September​ d) June​ 52.​What is the primary purpose of the UK's OFSTED (Office for Standards in Education)?​ a) To provide funding for schools​ b) To inspect and regulate education and childcare​ c) To manage university admissions​ d) To develop national curricula​ 53.​The 4th of July in the United States commemorates:​ a) The signing of the Constitution​ b) The Declaration of Independence​ c) The end of the Civil War​ d) The Pilgrims' landing at Plymouth Rock​ 54.​Which of the following foods originated in the United States?​ a) Apple pie​ b) Hot dogs​ c) Cornbread​ d) French fries​ 55.​The UK celebrates "Guy Fawkes Night" on:​ a) October 31​ b) November 5​ c) December 25​ d) January 1​ 56.​What is a traditional meal served on Thanksgiving in the U.S.?​ a) Roast beef and Yorkshire pudding​ b) Turkey with stuffing and cranberry sauce​ c) Fish and chips​ d) Tacos and nachos​ 57.​In the U.S., private health insurance is often provided by:​ a) The federal government​ b) Employers​ c) Local governments​ d) Religious organizations​ 58.​Which British holiday involves exchanging gifts on December 26?​ a) Christmas Eve​ b) Boxing Day​ c) New Year's Eve​ d) St. George's Day​ 59.​The term “boarding school” in both the UK and U.S. refers to:​ a) A school offering only evening classes​ b) A school where students live during term time​  c) A school focused on sports education​ d) A government-subsidized school​ 60.​In the U.S., which federal program provides health insurance for low-income individuals?​ a) Medicare​ b) Medicaid​ c) Affordable Care Act​ d) Veterans Health Administration DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS USA HISTORY: COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD (INCLUDING CANADA AND INDIA) 1.​ Describe the economic and social differences between the Northern, Middle, and Southern colonies of early America.  The Northern colonies (New England) focused on small-scale farming, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade. Their economy relied heavily on natural resources and manufacturing, with a largely Puritan social structure emphasizing community and education.  The Middle colonies (e.g., Pennsylvania, New York) had a mix of agriculture and commerce. These colonies were known for their diversity in population and religion, which led to a more tolerant society. They produced grains like wheat and were known as the "breadbasket colonies."  The Southern colonies (e.g., Virginia, South Carolina) relied on plantation agriculture with crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo. Their economy depended on enslaved labor, and the social hierarchy was rigid, with a wealthy planter elite at the top and enslaved people at the bottom. 2.​ Explain how the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War) affected colonial relationships with Britain. The war left Britain in debt, leading to increased taxation on the colonies (e.g., Stamp Act, Sugar Act) to cover costs. Colonists resented these taxes, as they had no representation in Parliament ("no taxation without representation"). The war also removed the French threat from North America, making many colonists question the need for British military protection. These tensions contributed to the growing desire for independence. 3.​ Compare the colonial administration systems in British North America (Canada) and British India during the 18th century.  In Canada, the British initially allowed French settlers to maintain their laws, religion (Catholicism), and culture under the Quebec Act of 1774. The administration focused on assimilation and cooperation with local elites.  In India, British rule was managed by the East India Company, which prioritized economic exploitation, particularly in trade and agriculture. British officials often intervened in local politics and culture, leading to greater  tensions. Unlike Canada, where assimilation was limited, in India, British policies often undermined traditional structures. USA HISTORY: AMERICAN EXPANSION 4.​ Describe the concept of Manifest Destiny and its role in the westward expansion of the United States. Manifest Destiny was the belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America, spreading democracy and civilization. This ideology justified territorial acquisitions like the Louisiana Purchase, annexation of Texas, and the Oregon Trail migration. It also led to conflicts, including the Mexican-American War, and the displacement of Native American tribes through policies like the Indian Removal Act 5.​ Explain the causes and consequences of the Louisiana Purchase for the growth of the United States.  Causes: France, under Napoleon, needed money for European wars and could not maintain control over its American territories. The U.S., led by President Jefferson, wanted control of New Orleans and the Mississippi River for trade.  Consequences: The 1803 purchase doubled the size of the U.S., opening vast lands for settlement and agriculture. It strengthened the idea of Manifest Destiny and provided resources for economic growth. However, it also intensified debates over slavery in new territories. USA HISTORY: CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION 6.​ Analyze the role of slavery as a primary cause of the American Civil War and discuss how the Emancipation Proclamation impacted the war.  Slavery was central to the economy and social structure of the South, while the North increasingly opposed its expansion. Conflicts over whether new states would allow slavery (e.g., Missouri Compromise, Kansas-Nebraska Act) heightened tensions. The election of Abraham Lincoln, who opposed slavery's expansion, triggered Southern secession.  The Emancipation Proclamation (1863) reframed the war as a fight against slavery, discouraging European nations from supporting the Confederacy and enabling the recruitment of freed slaves into the Union Army. 7.​ Discuss the successes and failures of the Reconstruction period in addressing the rights of freed African Americans.  Successes: The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments abolished slavery, granted citizenship, and protected voting rights. Organizations like the Freedmen's Bureau provided education and aid to freed people.  Failures: Southern states enacted Black Codes and later Jim Crow laws, undermining progress. Sharecropping trapped many African Americans in economic dependency. Federal troops withdrew in 1877, ending Reconstruction and leaving African Americans vulnerable to discrimination and violence. USA HISTORY: LATE 19TH CENTURY IMMIGRATION 8.​ Describe the experiences of immigrants arriving at Ellis Island in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the challenges they faced in adapting to life in the U.S. Immigrants, mostly from Europe, underwent medical and legal inspections at Ellis Island. Many faced language barriers, discrimination, and crowded living conditions in urban tenements. They often worked low-paying, hazardous jobs in factories or construction. Despite these challenges, they formed ethnic communities that preserved their cultures and supported one another. USA HISTORY: WORLD WARS AND MODERN AMERICA 9.​ Explain the role of women in the U.S. workforce during World War II and how it influenced societal norms after the war. During WWII, women filled roles in factories, shipyards, and offices, as men went to war. Iconic figures like "Rosie the Riveter" symbolized this shift. After the war, many women were pushed back into domestic roles, but their wartime contributions sparked movements for gender equality and expanded opportunities in the workforce. BRITISH AND USA CULTURE: EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, HEALTH CARE, HOLIDAYS, AND FOOD 10.​Compare and contrast the educational systems of the United Kingdom and the United States, focusing on primary and secondary education.  United Kingdom: Primary education lasts until age 11, followed by secondary education, which includes GCSE exams at age 16. Students may pursue A-Levels or vocational qualifications for higher education. Schools are inspected by OFSTED.  United States: Primary (elementary) education lasts until age 11 or 12, followed by secondary (middle and high) school. High school ends with a diploma at age 18, with no standardized national exams like the UK’s GCSE or A-Levels. Education is decentralized, funded by local property taxes, and varies by state.​