Robotics and Humanity PDF

Robotics and Humanity  Service robots A robot is an actuated mechanism programmable in two or more axes with a degree of autonomy, moving within its environment, to perform...

Robotics and Humanity  Service robots A robot is an actuated mechanism programmable in two or more axes with a degree of autonomy, moving within its environment, to perform intended tasks. A service robot is a robot that performs useful tasks for humans or equipment excluding industrial automation application. Image source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Examples-of-service-robots_fig1_280792975  Service robots A personal service robot or a service robot for personal use is a service robot used for noncommercial task, usually by laypersons. A professional service robots or a service robot for professional use is a service robot used for commercial task, usually operated by a properly trained operator. Image source: https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~kuipers/research/wheelchair/; https://www.automate.org/blogs/food-delivery-robots-take-to-the-streets  Partial autonomy – includes active human-robot interaction Full autonomy – can perform actions or activities even without a master telling it what should be done or what should be performed next.  History of robots Germany was one of the first countries to develop service robots DESIRE (Deutsche Servicerobotik Initiative – Germany Service Robotics Initiative) launched on October 1, 2005 “Clear up the kitchen table” “Fill the dishwasher” “Clear up his room” Image source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roboticstoday.com%2Frobots%2Fdesire&psig=AOvVaw3-kz9P_zLkuuAZxxQf2eLS&ust=1667660775059000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=2ahUKEwifnYzS5pT7AhUFbJQKHV_0Ar4Qr4kDegUIARDEAQ History of robots Earliest conception of robots can be traced around 3000 B.C. from the Egyptians. Water clocks – mechanical device built to carry out a specific physical task regularly. Different machines were built that displayed same mechanism and characteristics as the robots in the present Wooden pigeon that could fly, talking doll, steam – powered robots, and hydraulically – operated statues  History of robots Earliest robots known to people were created in early 1950s by George Devol. “Unimate” from the words “Universal Automation” Several robots were also invented which were better versions of the previous ones. Quest in robotics still continues at present. Image source: https://www.somagnews.com/film-like-story-first-real-robot-unimate-history/ Roles played by robotics perform complicated activities which human beings are incapable of doing perform simple tasks at home so that their masters can perform the complex ones perform activities to entertain people made to serve as toys and are usually child-friendly inspire a number of local and national movies Rules and characteristics that define what a good robot is Law one: A robot may not injure a human being or, through the inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. Law two: A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict the First Law. Law three: A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First and Second Law. Ethical Dilemma/s Faced by Robotics One of the dilemmas faced by robots is safety. It is important to know who should be blamed and who should be held responsible if undesirable thing happens. Another ethical dilemma faced by robots is the emotional component. How people would react if the time comes when robots develop emotion References: Serafica, J. P., Pawilen, G. T., Caslib Jr., B. N., & Alata, E. J. (2018). Science, Technology, and Society. Manila: Rex Book Store.