Statistical Data PDF

# Statistical Data Statistics is the science of dealing with the organization, analysis and interpretation of statistical data. - **Data**: A set of information about a certain individual or object as needed to carry out a research or task. - **Statistical data**: A set of numerical information a...

# Statistical Data Statistics is the science of dealing with the organization, analysis and interpretation of statistical data. - **Data**: A set of information about a certain individual or object as needed to carry out a research or task. - **Statistical data**: A set of numerical information about a certain individual or object needed to carry out statistical analysis. ## Types of data - **Primary Data**: Data originally collected by an investigator or agency for the first time for any statistical analysis. - **Secondary Data**: Data which has already been collected and processed by some agencies or persons and taken over from there used by any other agency for their statistical work. ## Sources of data - **Organized Experiment**: It is possible to carry out one's own experiment or through specialists who publish them for users. Individual researchers collect data for discovery of facts or scientific investigation based on planned experiment. - **Sample Survey and Censuses**: In the sample technique, we inspect only a selected representative and adequate fraction of the population. After the data has been collected, it is analyzed and the result of the sample data is used to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the whole population. - **Administrative activity Record**: Administrative activities are another source of data as a by-product of day-to-day administrative record, either through registration of marriages, births, deaths, hospital reports, school enrollment reports, etc. - **Other administrative sources**: Include federal, state and local government. Administrative sources are the most reliable source in Nigeria. - **Publications**: We obtain data from published books, newspapers, journals and literature. They include existing records, which include personal documents such as diaries, letters, autobiographies and essays. Publications usually provide very rich and detailed information. - **Other sources of data**: - The use of the internet - Statistical bulletins - Federal offices of statistics - National Bureau of Statistics ## Method of data collection - **Interview method**: This involves the process of eliciting information by conversation between the interviewer and the respondent. This method may be by the use of an enumerator or telephone interview. Interview method is regarded as face-to-face conversation between interviewer and respondent for the purpose of eliciting certain information from the respondent. - **Observation method**: This method involves looking directly at what is happening. The observer records what actually happens while it is happening. It involves the use of eyes rather than ears and voice. It is the method mostly used in social investigations and in scientific enquiries such as chemistry, biology, etc. - **Use of questionnaires**: We have mailed questionnaires and questionnaires to be filled by enumerators. In the case of mailed questionnaires, it involves listing of prepared questions, which is being sent by post.