Spiritual Self PDF

**Abstraction:** I. Table 6 *Comparison between spiritual and religious* **SPIRITUAL** **RELIG...

**Abstraction:** I. Table 6 *Comparison between spiritual and religious* **SPIRITUAL** **RELIGIOUS** -------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **PERSON** Spiritual Person - Places little importance on beliefs and traditions and is more concerned with growing and experiencing the Divine. Religious person- Believes in god or group of gods and consciously adheres to the beliefs of his/her religion. **APPROACH** **SPIRITUAL** approach- to God is through the path of love. This a love where there is no condemnation and judgment, but where there is mercy and acceptance. **RELIGIOUS** Approach - Takes the approach of fear. It emphasizes sin, guilt, and the concept of a punishing God. **CONCEPT OF GOD** Spiritual Concept of God - Believes in God who is omnipresent and omniscient, someone who is a living presence in our hearts Religious Concept of God -Talks of God who is high up in the heaven. At times, God is depicted as separate from humanity, who is impartial but impersonal. **DIRECTION** Spiritual Direction - Spirituality feels all faiths are valid. Spirituality embraces all the world's religions, but at the same time it is not constrained by any religious dogmas or forms. Religious Direction - Many religions feel their path is the only way to salvation and other religions are wrong. Religious people strongly feel the need to convert others to their faith. II. 1. 2. 3. 4. III. a. +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Acceptance | - Honor | - Status | - | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | - Curiosity | - Idealism | - Power | - | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Eating | - Independenc | - Romance | - | | | e | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | - Family | - Order | - Saving | - | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ b. i. Beliefs -- generalized system of ideas and values that shape how members of a religious group come to understand the world around them ii. Rituals according to Little are repeated physical gestures or activities, such as prayers and mantras, used to reinforce religious teachings, elicit spiritual feelings, and connect worshippers with a higher power (as cited in Otig et al., 2018). iii. Spiritual experience -- unique feeling of immediate connection with a higher power iv. Unique social forms of community -- According to Durkheim religious beliefs and practices unite in one single community called church, all those who adhere to them (as cited in Otig et al., 2018). - Social dimension that religions share (Dawson & Thiessen, 2014): 1. 2. 3. 4. a. The categories of religion **Religious Classification** **What/ Who is divine** **Example** ------------------------------ ------------------------- ----------------------------------- Polytheism Multiple gods Hinduism, Ancient Greeks & Romans Monotheism Single god Judaism, Islam, Christianity Antheism No deities Atheism, Buddhism, Taoism Animism Nonhuman beings Indigenous nature worship, Shinto b. The Major Religions v. Judaism vi. Christianity vii. Islam viii. Hinduism ix. Buddhism c. Pre-colonial concepts of the soul Table 8. *The difference between the soul and the spirit* +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | - Refers to the | - Refers to the | | | conscious, the | Holy Spirit, the | | | moral, and | 3^rd^ party of | | | thinking part of | the trinity. | | | a person. | | | | | - It is the force | | | - It is immortal; | of God through | | | it will go to | which blessings | | | hell, purgatory, | are bestowed upon | | | or heaven after | his people. | | | the person dies. | | | | | - As one develop in | | | | the faith, he or | | | | she is said to be | | | | growing | | | | spiritually. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | - Taoism: nature | | | | and spirits are | | | | common | | | | | | | | - Shinto: places | | | | emphasis on | | | | shamanism, | | | | particularly | | | | divination, | | | | spirit | | | | possession, and | | | | faith healing | | | | | | | | - Confucianism: | | | | tolerates the | | | | Chinese folk | | | | recognition of | | | | the existence of | | | | animistic | | | | spirits, ghosts, | | | | and deities. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ d. The soul according to some Ethnological groups of the Philippines *Ethnical description of the soul* +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **SOUL** | **ORIGIN** | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **Linnawa** | Ifugao | - - - | | | | | | ("Soul of the Dead") | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Kaduwa** | Isneg | - - | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Ab-abiik** | Kankanaey\ | - - - | | | (another member of | | | | the Igorot people) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Kaluluwa** | Tagalog | - - - - | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ e. Rituals and Ceremonies x. Approaches to the theories of ritual origin 5. Origin Approach (earliest form) -- The basic premise is that ritual was part of the human evolution. 6. Functional Approach -- Explains the ritual behavior in terms of individual and social needs. 7. History of religions **-** Holds the view that ritual behavior is an expression of the sacred. xi. Classification of rituals 8. Imitative - A ritual that is based on some belief system. 9. Positive & Negative a. Positive - Focuses on with giving blessings to an object or to an individual b. Negative - Focuses on rules of prohibition. 10. Sacrificial - It features the destruction of the sacrifice to be offered to a "higher being". 11. Life Crises - It features the transition of one mode or stage of life into another.