Social Problems Exam 4 Concept List Fall 2024 PDF

**Social Problems** **Concept List for Exam 4** **There will be 15 or so questions from the readings/articles assigned listed for this exam in the syllabus/in iCollege weekly content. There are also a few iCollege videos in the weekly content. The other questions will come from the material identi...

**Social Problems** **Concept List for Exam 4** **There will be 15 or so questions from the readings/articles assigned listed for this exam in the syllabus/in iCollege weekly content. There are also a few iCollege videos in the weekly content. The other questions will come from the material identified below:** GENDER INEQUALITY Costs and benefits of being man/woman/non-binary (from our exercise) and how they are affected by other characteristics and identities Sex vs gender (definitions, descriptions and examples) Gender Reveals---appropriately named? What do they say about us as a culture? Why is conflating sex and gender problematic? Gender stratification (def) How things are "gendered" (ubiquitous yet not identical across cultures) What we learned when we compared the gendering of jobs/tasks across cultures (takeaways from the chart) 2 ways that language is gendered 1\. Ways that language reflects and expresses ideas about gender Male generic language (what it is, examples, why research says we should care/it matters, whether or not authorities say it is acceptable to continue to use) Spotlighting (what it is, examples) How women get defined in terms of their relationship to men (what it is, examples such as honorific titles and media coverage, research results of news stories) as opposed to men, who are defined in terms of their accomplishments/positions (Know Wimbledon example) 2\. Ways that women and men are taught to use language differently Tags Uptalking Avoiding strong statements Apologies (ways gendered, matching) Interruptions (results of research I described---know data on cross-gender interruptions and results of research; how interruptions are perceived and results of this research, Supreme Court interruption research results including rate at which male justices interrupt female justices compared to their interruptions of each other) Body language (all the ways we discussed it is gendered) Socialization approach to gender inequality/stratification How the process works (punishments/rewards) Results of research on video games/bomb dropping---how men and women "do gender" when they believe they are being surveilled When it begins: Hospital waiting room research with newborn baby How it continues: Ways girls and girl infants are treated differently than boys and boy infants VIDEO: Toy Ads and Gender Socialization Results of research on toys compared to previous eras How parents today compare to 1970s parents regarding sex stereotypes Why, when parents make a conscious effort to socialize their boys and girls more comprehensively, they are more likely to do it with one gender.... Critique of the socialization approach Structural approaches to gender inequality/gender stratification: VIDEO: Killing Us Softly 4 (a lot of questions---45-minute video---available in library and via Kanopy---be able to apply themes to sample ads) gsu.kanopy.com Politics Number of Presidents and Vice Presidents Percentage of women in Senate and House (and how they compare to Western Europe and other countries) Percentage of women in Senate and House Number of women governors in U.S. (out of 50) Percentage of women mayors of 100 most populous cities (and proportion that are women of color) To date, the percentage of members of Congress that have been women US world ranking of women's representation in government/legislative bodies Work Unpaid work Description of unpaid labor Heterosexual married women's rate of housework compared to their male spouses Impact of women being feminists on housework/men being married to a feminist and impact on housework Impact of marriage on housework hours performed by both women and men Data on children's chores by gender Typical ways women and men divide chores and implications Across all possible living arrangement, who does the least amount of housework Reasons why men do less housework Reasons why women's housework hours declined since the 1960s Child rearing research: Trends in parental childcare 1960s vs. current contributions to childcare (hours/week) Impact of women's entrance into the labor force on parental attention received by children How children receive more attention today, despite having working parents of all genders (compared to 50's/60's families) Relationship between housework and sex\--research findings Paid work Wage gap Know that the gap would be much greater if we included part-time work. 7 Explanations for the wage gap (bulk can be explained by what?) - Occupational gender segregation (know examples and how it plays out in the work world) Female concentrated/dominated occupations/jobs The relationship between the percentage of women in an occupation and that occupation's average earnings. As women move into occupations, what do men do? The direction that occupations tend to shift (exceptions like delivering babies) Male-dominated occupations and their earnings compared to occupations dominated by women (with similar skill level and educational requirements) Resegregation (what it is, examples) - Internal job ladders (explaining 99% of store managers being men in a grocery store despite having more women as employees) - Glass ceiling Percentage of CEOs in Fortune 500's top companies that are women Broken rung phenomenon (know data) - Motherhood penalty (how work outcomes differ for mothers and fathers as a result of childbearing) - Sticky floor (how common compared to glass ceiling) - Glass escalator (pros and cons, examples) - Subtle discrimination Who is most keenly affected by the wage gap Know % of households with children where women are the sole or primary breadwinners (earners) and how equalizing the wage gap would impact poverty rates VIDEO: Tough Guise 2 (54-minute video---available in library and via Kanopy---**abridged** version\-- if you missed it or want to take better notes) gsu.kanopy.com Stombler's messages about social change (who are major social change agents, best efforts to create social change). Don't forget to watch the **3** short videos from Content Week 15!!! Thanks to Nia, for her support this semester! It's been an absolute delight having you all in class. Dr. Stombler