Child Poverty and Family Violence: SOWK Final

SOWK Final Chapter 7 CHILD POVERTY 1. Where does Canada rate in the rich countries a. Canada rates 19^th^ out of 39 rich countries 2. How many children in Canada grow up in poverty b. More than 1 million children in Canada grow up in poverty 3. What factors intersects and shape p...

SOWK Final Chapter 7 CHILD POVERTY 1. Where does Canada rate in the rich countries a. Canada rates 19^th^ out of 39 rich countries 2. How many children in Canada grow up in poverty b. More than 1 million children in Canada grow up in poverty 3. What factors intersects and shape poverty c. Poverty intersects with and is shaped by factors such as immigrants/refugee status, race, and cultural background and heritage 4. What risks are associated with childhood Poverty d. Poor health e. Low success in education f. Victimization g. Greater contact with the legal system h. Greater behavioural problems FAMILY VIOLENCE 1. In 2015 how many children were victims of family violence a. In 2015, approximately 16,000 children and youth aged \ 1. What happens when a case is reported a. When a case is reported, a child welfare worker must assess whether the child has been harmed or is at risk of being harmed due to abuse or neglect 2. What is a risk assessment? b. Designed to determine the likelihood of future abuse or neglect so that action can be taken to prevent it 3. Only families that fall below the prescribed minimal child care standards enter into the child prescribed minimal child care standards enter into the child protection system 4. Responses include referrals to other programs to assist the family with its difficulties, supervision orders, and out-of-home placement of children 5. What is in home services c. Aim to assist and support families to live together harmoniously in a safe and secure environment 6. What is out of home services d. Placements for children who required living arrangements away from their parents ROLE OF SOCIAL WORK IN YOUTH JUSTICE 1. What is the role of social workers in youth justice a. Providing an assessment of a young offender b. Providing support to young people on a one-to-one basis, or within the context of group work or restorative justice c. Providing support and assistance to families of youth d. Working in multi-agency, inter-professional teams e. Providing testimony and information in court f. Advocating for more reflective policies and practices with regards to provincial and national responses to youth in conflict with the law 2. What is restorative justice g. Restorative justice is a process whereby the parties with a stake in a particular offence come together to resolve collectively how to deal with the aftermath of the offence and its implications for the future. Within Indigenous communities, restorative justice practices aim to restore balance after harm has been committed. PREVENTIVE SOCIAL WORK 1. What is preventive social work with children a. Activities based within communities and in schools that aim to reduce the risk of negative outcomes and promote protective factors that allow children to grow and develop 2. What is leave out violence (LOVE) b. LOVE's mission is to reduce violence in the lives of youth and in communities by building a team of youth who communicate a message of nonviolence 3. What is the take-a-hike program c. A three-year program to assist students who have been unable to achieve success in mainstream classes to develop positive behaviours. The program mixes academic requirement with adventure-based activities. CHAPTER 8 1. WHO ARE THE THREE GROUPS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN CANADA a. First Nations b. Inuit c. Metis 2. WHAT IS THE HOLISTIC APPROACH OF INDIGENOUS WAYS HELPING a. Recognition of the whole person, including spiritual, physical, emotional, and psychological elements b. The emphasis is on the collective rather than the individual, with teachings that stress how all life is connected 3. What is egalitarianism? a. A belief that all people should share equal social, political, and economic rights and opportunities 4. What are the 4 aspects of the holistic approach a. Psychological b. Spiritual c. Physical d. Emotional 5. How does spirituality pertain to Indigenous healing a. Spirituality is a major component of indigenous worldviews. b. It embodies interconnectedness with all life c. Everyone is seen as equal and interdependent part of the great whole and having a spirit 6. What is colonialism \* d. Colonialism is the political domination of one nation over another, including administrative economic, social, and cultural control. 7. What was/is the Indian Act?\* e. The Indian act was the legal instrument for the colonisation in Canada f. The act is the only piece of legislation in the world that is designed for a particular "race" of people 8. Who created the Indian act? g. The Indian act was created by the parliament of Canada to define "Indian" status and outline the administration of "Indian rights" 9. Who administered the Indian act? h. Historically an Indian Agent administered the Act in Indigenous communities. 10\. What is a clan? a\. groups of families the have the same inherited social and political roles 11\. What is a matriarchal? a\. A system of social and political inheritance through female lineage. 12\. What is a reserve system?\* a\. It was set up to restrict Indigenous Peoples registered under the Indian Act to particular areas of Canada that were considered unattractive to settlers 13\. What is an Indian Agent?\* a\. White government officials who displaced traditional Indigenous leadership and held the power to enforce the Indian Act, including deciding who would have status and acting as arresting officers, prosecutors, and judges all in one What are land treaties?\* a\. Land treaties generally are aimed to force Indigenous peoples to surrender land to the Canadian government RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SYSTEM 1\. When did residential schools begin a\. Residential school system began in the 1870s b\. it was a federal policy now deemed shameful c\. aimed to eliminate Indigenous cultures by removing children from their communities d\. it enforced Christian practices and religion 2\. What was the goal of residential schools a\. the goal of residential schools was assimilation Assimilation is the process by which individuals' cultural identities are minimized or eliminated and replaced by the cultural identities of the larger society b\. in the 1920s, it was made illegal for Indigenous parents to keep their children out of residential school 3\. What is the sixties scoop? a\. the removal of large numbers of indigenous children from their families in the 1960s 4\. What are the impacts of colonization? a\. trauma b\. poverty c\. high unemployment rates d\. high unemployment rates e\. lack of education f\. inadequate or lack of affordable housing g\. dependency on social services 5\. What is intergenerational trauma?\* a\. Intergenerational trauma is referring to the trauma that is passed down from generation to generation in Indigenous communities, resulting in unhealthy family relationships that include issues such as violence, mental health challenges (i.e. depression), and internalized oppression that sometimes manifests as substance abuse 6\. What is Historical Trauma?\* a\. Historical trauma described what Indigenous peoples have inherited as an entire group. b\. all indigenous peoples have been victims of genocide and affected by colonization and all its tools, even though they may not have been to residential school, been taken away from their families by child welfare authorities, or live in poverty 7\. What is collective trauma?\* a\. collective trauma includes collective images of traumatic events that have become implanted in the social memory of indigenous peoples. 9\. Why are Indigenous children overrepresented in the child welfare system?\* a\. lack of indigenous control and representation b\. policy and funding gaps c\. socioeconomic inequalities d\. systemic racism 10\. What is the truth & reconciliation commission?\* a\. referring to the official body established to investigate and address historical injustices, particularly those involving the systemic mistreatment of Indigenous peoples. While there are truth and reconciliation commissions in various counties the most notable is the Canadian TRC 11\. What is the purpose of the TRC? a\. To document the history and legacy of the residential school system b\. To promote understanding of the impacts of these schools on Indigenous children, families and communities c\. to foster reconciliation between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples 12\. What are the Calls to Action\* a\. The calls to actions are the recommendations aims at addressing historical wrongs and advancing reconciliation across sectors, including education, healthcare, child welfare, and justice b\. there are 94 calls to actions MISSING AND MURDERED INDIGENOUS WOMEN, GIRLS AND 2-SPIRIT PEOPLE 1\. Between 2000 and 2008, Indigenous women and girls represented approximately 10 percent of all female homicides in Canada INDIGENOUS WORLDVIEWS IN SOCIAL WORK 1\. A prevalent theme emphasizes a return to Indigenous traditional teachings as guidelines for social work practice 2\. All indigenous populations have their own unique healing methods and ways of achieving social justice SW THEORIES SEEN THROUGH INDIGENOUS LENS: ANTI-OPPRESSIVE PRACTICE, POST-MODERN, POST-COLONIAL/ANTI-COLONIAL 1\. What is anti-oppressive perspective a\. Includes structural social work theory b\. posits that oppression and not individual deficiency is the cause of social problems c\. AOP theory can be linked to anti-racism and anti-colonialism because it can be used to better understand 2\. What is post-modern perspective a\. Reality is socially constructed through language, maintained through narrative, and carries no essential truths b\. Reality is made up of multiple stories, is fluid, and is historically specific 3\. Postcolonial/anti-colonial perspective a\. come from the people who have been colonized b\. emphasize how Indigenous peoples globally have been affected by colonization and address relationships between the colonized and the colonizers 1\. What is decolonization?\* a\. Decolonization is a multifaceted process that involves dismantling the structures. Ideologies, and the practice of colonialism and restoring autonomy, agency, and sovereignty to colonized people and nations. It addresses historical injustices, seeks to heal the impacts of colonial systems 2\. What does it mean to be an ally?\* a\. being an ally means to end the use of narratives of manifest destiny b\. reject constructions of otherness c\. question what is presented as universal truths 3\. What is idle no more a\. A movement demanding sustainable development on reserve lands b\. national movement built on united voices of indigenous and non-indigenous peoples 4\. What is the eighth fire a\. a time when indigenous and non-indigenous peoples will come together to develop new relationships CHAPTER 9 -- SW WITH RACIALIZED COMMUNITIES, IMMIGRATION AND REFUGEES 1. What is race?\* a. "race" is a socially constructed phenomenon, based on the erroneous assumption that physically differences such as skin colour, hair colour and texture, and facial \[or other physical\] features are related to intellectual, moral, or cultural superiority. 2. What is racism?\* b. Racism is a belief that centres around the idea that on race is superior to the other. 3. What is overt racism?\* c. Overt racism is treating some people negatively according to their race, or colour, or... 4. What is covert racism?\* d. Covert racism is when society systemically treats groups according to some form of discriminatory judgement 5. What is systemic racism\* e. Refers to ways which laws, policies, practices and societal norms create and perpetuate racial inequality and discrimination across institutions and systems. 6. What is the Chinese Immigration and Head tax f. Between 1885 and 1923, each Chinese immigrant had to pay a flat fee known head tax in order to enter Canada 7. When was the head tax eliminated \* g. The head tax was eliminated in 1923, but other laws that made it nearly impossible for Chinese men to bring their families over to Canada remained in place till 1947 8. What is Japanese Internment Camps \* h. During World War 1 and World War 2, the Canadian government instituted a policy of internment of members of ethic minority groups whom it defined as "enemy aliens" i. During WWII, Japanese Canadians were taken from their homes and held in prison camps. There homes, businesses, and property were confiscated, as well j. It took until 1988 for the Canadian government to settle with, apologize to, and compensate surviving members of Japanese wartime community. 9. What is the Komagatu Maru Incident\* k. The komagatu is when the canadian government did not allow people who did not make a single trip so a man made boat and brought 121 people over, but the Canadians did not allow them to enter but they stayed for over 2 months before they had to turn around. 10\. What is Anti-black racism?\* a\. The existence of anti-black racism should not be minimized b\. Canada practiced slavery until the nineteeth century c\. The black loyalist who entered Canada as free persons were subject to racist policies d\. It was not until 1953-1954 that Canada got rid of laws denying Black citizens the right to pursue formal education 11\. What is Africville a\. Africville was a poor community in the North end of Halifax in the 1960s. its black residents were separated from the white residents of Halifax. b\. Between 1964 and 1969, Africville was bulldozed in order to build a new bridge to Dartmouth across the harbour, c\. In 2010, Halifax mayor peter Kelly apologized to former residents and their families, and committed to rebuilding the Seaview Baptist united church which was the focal point of community life 12\. What is Strathcona and hogan's alley a\. The first black immigrants arrived to BC from California in 1858. They settled in Victoria and salt spring island, but as the center of economic power shifted, some came to Vancouver in the early 1900 b\. They made their homes in Strathcona. Over the years blacks endured efforts by the city to rezone Strathcona making it difficult to obtain mortgages or make home improvements. c\. in the 1960s they planned to run it through to make a free way 13\. What is resettlement\* a\. Resettlement refers to the process of relocation individuals, families, or communities to a new place, often due to circumstances that prevent them from remaining in their original location. 14\. Who is a migrant?\* a\. A migrant is a person who has moved from one country to another either temporarily or permanently 15\. who is an immigrant?& a\. An immigrant is a person admitted to Canada as a lawful permanent resident 16\. What are the three categories of permanent residents in Canada?\* a\. The first category is Economic Immigrants -- which is the largest category of permanent residents coming as skilled workers, business immigrants and live-in caregivers b\. Family Class -- foreign nationals sponsored by family and close relatives c\. refugees 17\. What is a refugee\* a\. A refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality who is unable to unwilling to return to that country because of persecution or well-founded fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, and/or social affiliation 18\. What is a refugee claimant?\* a\. A refugee claimant is a temporary resident in the humanitarian population category who requests refugee protection upon or after arrival in Canada but whose claim has not yet been decided 19\. What is a temporary foreign worker?\* a\. A temporary foreign worker is a person hired by a Canadian employer to fill a temporary labour or skill shortages 20\. What is an undocumented migrant?\* a\. An undocumented migrant is a person who has come to Canada as a visitor, student, temporary worker, or refugee claimant and then has continued residence in Canada after either visa expiration or denial of refugee claim 21\. What is UN convention relating to the status of refugees; nonrefoulment a\. The convention provided signatory countries with the first universal refugee definition; recognized the right to remain and right to return, the principle of nonrefoulment, and the right of first asylum; defined minimum standards of treatment for refugees; and outlined determination procedures and eligibility criteria for refugee status 22\. What is non refoulment?\* a\. nonrefoulment prohibits the return of persons -- no matter what their crime or suspected activity -- to a place where they would be at risk of torture or other ill treatment 23\. What is safe third country agreement a\. Safe third country agreement is the provision of the immigration and refugee protection act that designates the United States a "safe third country", forcing most refugee claimants who have travelled through the United states to seek asylum 24.What are the 4 key components a\. 1 cultural awareness: reflecting on one's own experience, perspectives, and biases b\. Knowledge acquisition: learning about the client's culture of origin and migration trajectory c\. Skill development: adapting social work interventions with a appreciation of the complexity of issues of social justice within and between particular cultures d\. inductive learning: reflecting on the knowledge and experience gained through this process and weaving that back into practice learning 25 What is the stages of migration framework and what are the stages a\. Understanding why migrants left their country; prior to leaving country of origin b\. Understanding the trajectory (time, circumstances, temporary settlement etc.). This could take months or years and can involve living in refugee camps and dependent on international recognition of crisis; transit or flight from the country of origin c\. understanding issue of settlement, integration, acculturation, and/or assimilation; settlement in a new country 26 What is integration?\* a\. Integration refers to participation in economic, social, cultural and political areas of life of a settlement country while retaining connections to one's country of origin 27 What is acculturation?\* a\. refers to a process of adaptation between two cultures, particularly how traditions, values, language, and beliefs change as they come into contact with a new (usually dominant) culture. 28 What is assimilation?\* a\. refers to a process by which individuals' cultural identities are minimized or eliminated, and replaced by the cultural identities of the larger society 29 Settlement issues facing immigrants & refugees into Canada: - Goals and expectations - Effective social work practice with migrants addresses migrants' short- and long-term goals and expectations of life in a settlement country and incorporates them into settlement programming - Language proficiency - Proficiency in English and/or French is essential or integration in candida, especially as it related to employment, lacking in English or French means that most jobs that will be available to migrants will be low paid or provide little opportunity - Education and employment issues - Finding work shortly after arrival is imperative for migrants and thus there is substantial pressure to accept any type of employment - Housing issues - Housing can be a significant stressor in settlement, problems of affordability, availability and safety - Health issues - Social workers require an in-depth understanding of the health implications of voluntary and involuntary migration - Availability of social support - Social network are key to the proves of adaptation of migrants in a settlement society 30 Vulnerable migrant groups - Gender - Women and girl refugees face additional risks of sexual violence, female migrants may face greater difficulties entering the labour market and barriers to accessing health and social services - Trafficking - Canada is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking - Those affected by trafficking may need legal assistance physical and mental health resources, housing and other supports - Unaccompanied minors - Children under 18 years of age who arrive in a potential settlement country without the presence of an adult - Separated minors: children who may be with an adult who is not a parent or previous caregiver - LGBTQ+ - Canada stopped openly discriminating against LGBTQ people within immigration policies in 1977 - Older adults - Migrant older adults make significant social and economic contributions to their families and communities - Disabled immigrants & refugees - Forced migration is challenging for migrants with disabilities as they may face barriers to access and participation in humanitarian and other relevant programs due to physical, social, economic, cultural and political discrimination - Survivors of torture - Refugees who have survived torture experience multiple challenges 31\. Current issues - Migrant work as a form of modern-day slavery - Changes to immigration numbers - International students CHAPTER 10 -- SOCIAL WORK & SEXUAL & GENDER DIVERSITY 1. Sexual & gender identity terms: - Gender identity - An individual's subjective sense of self as male, female, or across a gender spectrum - Sexual identity - Pattern of romantic and/or sexual attraction to men and/ or women, which reflects an individual's sense of personal and social identity - Two-spirited - Emerged from interpretations of Indigenous languages used during the pre-colonial era for people who were considered to have both male and female spirits - Gender expression - How an individual expresses their gender identity - Cis-sexual/cis-gender - The term cis is used to identify someone who is not trans or gender non-conforming - Non-binary - A term signifies that gender identity exists beyond the gender binary of cis men and women. - Transgender/trans - When an individual's sex/gender assigned at birth differs from their gender identity - Queer - Umbrella term for tslgbtq+ people - Lesbian, gay, heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, asexual/ace 2. Canadian history/context of sexual and gender identity -- before colonization and after colonization a. Before colonization the First Nations understood and affirmed sexual and gender difference. Two-spirited people were revered as leaders, mediators, teachers, artists, seers, and spiritual guides b. After colonization it was imposition of European values of heterosexuality and gender conformity 3. Homophobia, transphobia, microaggressions, heterosexism, cissexism, structural violence, internalized oppression/homophobia c. A microaggression is a verbal, behavioural, or environmental indignities, intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative slights and insults d. Internalized oppression: the acceptance and internalization by members of oppressed groups 4. Anti-trans legislation e. Are not only a US phenomenon and have influenced legislation that made it illegal for children under the age of 16 in the province to change their names or preferred pronouns at school without parental consent 5. What is intersectionality, structural intersectionality, political intersectionality f. Intersectionality suggests that people who are multiply oppressed experience entirely new and complex forms of marginalization g. Structural intersectionality is when the burdens faced by a specific group of multiply marginalized people result in particular system discriminatory practices in the realms of housing, employment, immigration and health care h. Political intersectionality is when a specific group of people is situated within two subordinated groups that frequently pursue conflicting political agendas 6. Social location i. Somone's affiliation as a member of a group based on race, ethnicity, gender, ability, class, religion, citizenship status, sexual/gender identity, and so forth 7. Coming out and considerations for coming out j. When a lgbtq person discloses their sexual and/or gender identity 8. What are chosen family? k. Alternative family structures and support networks tslgbtq people build outside of their family of origin 9. Tslgbtq people living with hiv l. Human immunodeficiency virus attacks a person's immune system m. The virus can be contracted by anyobe but certain groups are disproportionaltely at risk n. People living with hiv experience stigma and discrimination 10. Barriers to access: disclosure, invisibility o. Difficult to do given the heterosexism and cissexism that is embedded in health-care and social service institutions p. Invisibility is when service providers underestimate the proportion of queer and trans people 11. Fostering safe and affirming spaces q. Post signs that openly state that your office is a safe space for lgbtq people 12. What is institutional power r. The various forms of power that an individual holds based on their social location and position within a particular institution or agency CHAPTER 11 -- DISABILITY AND SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE 1. What is the medical model of disability? a. Also known as the biomedical, disease, clinical, or individual model b. Views disability as an individual deficit and conceptualizes disability as being fundamentally biological in origin. 2. What are some shortcomings of the medical model? c. Disability is viewed as a set of static, uniform, and pathological characteristics d. It serves to objectify the individual e. It does not consider the social or environmental factors of disability 3. What is the social model of disability f. The social model emerged in response to the medical model g. Views individuals with disabilities as an oppressed group and seeks to reconceptualize disability, distinguishing impairment from disability h. Disability is created or constructed by social factors such as the economy, culture, and language 4. What are some shortcomings of the social model i. It risks discounting the individual entirely j. It assumes that all people with disabilities are oppressed and does not acknowledge how this group differs from other oppressed groups k. A barrier-free world is virtually impossible 5. What is the categorical/diagnostic approach l. Predicated on the identification of the cause and effects of any deviation from normal bodily structures and functions m. Seeks to identify and classify these deviations based on finding from tests and assessments 6. What are the benefits for the categorical/diagnostic approach? n. Provides standardized care across contexts o. Allows medical specialization and expertise p. Allows clinical research to study specific groups 7. What are the challenges of the categorical/diagnostic approach? q. May diminish the differences between individuals with a shared diagnosis and the commonalities between individuals with different diagnoses r. Clinical studies cannot explore the experiences of rate disorders (due to small sample sizes) 8. What is the non-categorical/functional approach s. Suggests that level of functioning, rather than diagnostic label, has a greater impact on participation and outcomes for individuals with disabilities and can tell us more about how limitations in the body interact with activities associated with certain social roles 9. What are the benefits of the non-categorical approach t. Acknowledges the interaction between the impairment in bodily structure and function and the environment u. Reduces stigma attached to specific diagnoses v. Provides tangible, individualized areas for intervention that are grounded in the day-to-day lives of people with disabilities 10\. What are the challenges of the non-categorical approach a\. complicates classification b\. may be time-consuming and difficult to apply in practice 11\. Eugenic and practice of eugenics in Canada a\. The right of eugenics movement in the early 1900s: the practice of selecting desired human traits to improve the genetic stock of the population and prevent the breeding of those with undesired traits 12\. What is ableism a\. ableism refers to the stigmatization of disability and the existence of prejudicial attitudes held by people without disabilities toward people with disabilities towards people with disabilities b\. it can take the form of ideas and assumptions and stereotypes 13\. What are stereotypes a\. stereotypes abound concerning people with disabilities include: people with disabilities are in a continuous state of emotional distress and psychological suffering b\. A person with a disability is somehow deserving of the disability 14\. What is independent living moment a\. independent living emerged in North America in the 1970s b\. The IL movement identifies that individuals with disabilities have the right to live in their communities despite societal barriers that impede their full and meaningful participation 15\. What are the 3 most prevalence disabilities a\. pain-related at 16.7+2.2, mobility at 10.6+1.0, and mental health 10.4+3.2 16\. Examples of health and social services available to disabled people in Canada and british coloumbia a\. federal and provincial resource allocation: provinces and territories are responsible for their own health care plans, but receive federal funding in the form of transfers; plans must include certain standardized features, but some offer additional benefits b\. Universality of equivalent care: specialized services are usually offered in large urban centers; long waiting lists may delay or limit access to services c\. Income support: programs such as the Canada Pension Plan Disability Benefit require a detailed application and proof of work history, financial status d\. specialized services: publicly-funding programs directed at specific populations; may provide direct service or direct funding e\. educational services: mainstreaming seeks to integrate students into classrooms according to their age cohort, irrespective to their level of functioning f\. non-governmental organizations: vary in scope and size CHAPTER 12 -- SOCIAL WORK WITH AGING POPULATION 1\. 3 reasons for the aging populations in Canada a\. increasing life expectancy b\. declining birth rates c\. the aging of the baby boom generation 2\. what is the baby boom generation a\. The baby boom refers to the individuals born post WW2 when there was a significant increase in births 3\. What is ageism a\. Ageism is a form of stereotyping about older people that associates aging with decline and results in exclusion and marginalization 4\. Micro-theories of aging with practice examples a\. Activity theory: proposes that positive aging occurs when older adults stay active and maintain social connections i\. offering older adults' opportunities to participate in social and recreational activities b\. successful aging: views positive aging as the prevention of functional decline and engagement in meaningful activities i\. same as last c\. selective optimization with compensation: accepting and compensating for functional limitations by being selective about the activities on which focus i\. helping older adults to identify specific areas of functioning they want to improve and encouraging practice and adaptation d\. traditional development psychology: view aging as one of a series of life stages with associated task i\. providing supportive counselling to help older adult reconcile psychosocial crises 5\. Macro-theories of aging a\. life-course perspective examines how the combination of developmental stages, personal life events, social locations, and historical or social events work in combination to shapes people's experiences and opportunities in old age b\. political economy of aging: a theory that emphasizes the broad implications of political and economic forces that contribute to constructions of old age and aging 6\. Policies that impact older adults a\. three -tiered pension system: old age security and guaranteed income supplement: provide basic income security independent of participation in the workforce Canada pension plan: mandatory public pension plans funded by the combination of contributions from employees and employers Private pension plans: workplace plans or registered retired savings plans 7\. long-term care polices and programs a\. facility-based long-term care b\. home care c\. supportive/assisted living arrangements d\. community support services 8\. What is home care? a\. publicly funding health and social services delivered to individuals in their homes or other community settings 9\. What is community support service a\. Not-for-profit, locally run health and social services that supplement home-care services transportation, meal delivery, adult day programs, friendly visiting services, in home support 10\. What is supportive/assisted living arrangement a\. congregate living facilities for older adults who require minimal personal assistance and can direct their own care 11\. What is facility-based long-term care a\. nursing homes, long-term care homes. Typically publicly funded and suitable for individuals who need a high level of care 12\. Elder abuse Common forms: ageism, institutional abuse, Where it takes place