Social Study Guide Summary PDF

Quarter 3 Test 1 Study Guide (Unit 5: Lesson 1-5) What is Health Inequality? Health inequality refers to unfair and avoidable differences in health among the population and between different societal groups. What are Healthcare Systems Like in Other Countries? Most High-Income Countri...

Quarter 3 Test 1 Study Guide (Unit 5: Lesson 1-5) What is Health Inequality? Health inequality refers to unfair and avoidable differences in health among the population and between different societal groups. What are Healthcare Systems Like in Other Countries? Most High-Income Countries (HICs), like Canada, have universal healthcare funded through taxes. In Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LICs), individuals pay for healthcare services out of pocket. What is Health and Healthcare Like in HICs and LICs? HICs: Modern hospitals, access to doctors, free or affordable treatments, vaccinations prevent diseases. LICs: Poor sanitation, lack of safe drinking water, unsafe workplaces, difficulty accessing treatment, high healthcare costs. What is Life Expectancy? Life expectancy is the average period a person is expected to live. Influences on Life Expectancy: Lifestyle: Healthy eating, exercise, and social activities improve life expectancy. Heredity: Genes influence disease resistance and longevity. Politics: Government policies impact healthcare access and living conditions. Economics: Higher GDP per capita leads to better healthcare and a longer life expectancy. Access to Healthcare: Unequal healthcare access creates life expectancy gaps between rich and poor countries. What is Meningitis? A serious infection affecting the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms: Fever, headache, nausea, and stiff neck. Spread: Through sneezing, coughing, and close contact. Most affected: Sub-Saharan Africa, especially the 'meningitis belt' from Senegal to Ethiopia. Why Do Epidemics Spread Quickly Today?  Global travel enables diseases to spread across countries rapidly, turning local epidemics into pandemics. How Can Epidemics Be Stopped? Vaccinations help prevent outbreaks. Quick responses and improved healthcare systems reduce epidemic impacts. What is Obesity? A condition where excess body fat negatively impacts health. A person is obese if their Body Mass Index (BMI) is over 30 kg/m². Obesity increases the risk of heart disease and certain cancers. Obesity in Kuwait vs USA: Both countries have high obesity rates due to poor diet and lack of exercise. Solutions in Kuwait: Promote healthier traditional foods, encourage physical activity. Solutions in the USA: Improve access to healthy food, better healthcare policies, community fitness programs. What are Blue Zones? Regions where people live exceptionally long lives, such as Sardinia (Italy), Okinawa (Japan), and Nicoya (Costa Rica). Factors contributing to longevity: Healthy diets, physical activity, strong community ties, and a sense of purpose. Key Vocabulary: HICs: High-Income Countries. LICs: Low-Income Countries. Epidemic: A sudden disease outbreak in a specific region. Pandemic: A disease outbreak that spreads across multiple continents. Vaccine: A substance that boosts immunity against diseases. MenAfriVac: A vaccine developed to prevent meningitis A in Africa. Blue Zone: A region where people live longer than average.