Social Science Past Paper 2023-2024 Set 1 PDF

BANGALORE SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX ASSOCIATION Sahodaya Examination Pre-Board Examination–2023-2024 2023-24 Subject : Social science...

BANGALORE SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX ASSOCIATION Sahodaya Examination Pre-Board Examination–2023-2024 2023-24 Subject : Social science Set- 1 Answer key Q. no Key Answer Marks 1 b) A- Non- Food crop; B- Above 25°C 1 2 b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not 1 the correct explanation of Assertion 3 b) B, C & D 1 4 c) Because Kerala has very high female literacy rate and 1 adequate health facilities are avail-able for both mothers and children 5 c) The Frankfurt Parliament in the church of St. Paul 1 6 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation 1 of A / (b) can also be accepted. 7 c) printing of books had the potential to bring an end to 1 despotism 8 d) Primary sector and especially unorganised 1 9 d)Both I and II are correct 1 10 a) - (A)–(iv); (B)–(i); (C)–(ii); (D)–(iii) 1 11 a) (iii), (i), (ii), (iv) 1 12 a) Most societies across the world historically Female 1 dominated societies. 13 d) establishing a power-sharing arrangement where both 1 communities have a role in decision making. 14 b) Chennai 1 15 c) Terms of credit 1 16 a) Availability of cheap skilled and unskilled labour 1 17 b) I , III, IV 1 18 a) In an accountable government, people have the right to 1 elect the leaders to form government and if possible, they participate in the decision making process. 19 a) NSSO—National Sample Survey Organisation 1 20 b) Patriarchal movement 1 21 Advantages of Converting Agricultural Land into a 2 Commercial and Residential Complex: 1. Economic Growth: The development can stimulate economic growth by attracting investments, creating job opportunities, and contributing to the local economy. 2. Improved Infrastructure: The conversion may lead to improved infrastructure in the area, including better roads, utilities, and public amenities, benefiting both new residents and existing communities. Disadvantages of Converting Agricultural Land into a Commercial and Residential Complex: 1. Loss of Agricultural Productivity: The conversion may lead to the loss of fertile agricultural land, impacting local food production and self-sustainability. 2. Environmental Impact: Urbanization can result in environmental issues such as increased pollution, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity, affecting the local ecosystem. (one point for each to be considered) 22  Food offers many examples of long-distance 2 cultural exchange. Traders and travellers introduced new crops and foods to the lands they travelled.  Crops such as Potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes were not of indigenous origin until about five century ago. These crops were introduced by Christopher Columbus.  Spaghetti and noodles. It is believed that noodles travelled west from china to become spaghetti. Perhaps Arab traders took pasta to fifth century Sicily an island in Italy. Similar foods were also known in India and Japan.so the truth about their origin is never known. Such guesswork suggest the possibilities of long distance cultural contact even in the premodern world. 23 Democracy represents the will of the common people, but 2 when the power is concentrated in a particular hand in a democratic government, this individual outlasts the will of the common people. 24  Everyone has good ideas, and it's fair when 2 everyone gets a chance to share and help.   They can learn from each other and make things even better! 25 a. 2+1  The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub- tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.  Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves. b.  Increased Temperature: Rising temperatures may lead to accelerated leaf growth, potentially affecting the traditional plucking schedules and impacting the flavour profile of Assam tea.  Erratic Rainfall: Changes in rainfall patterns could affect irrigation and water availability, influencing the size and quality of tea leaves, and potentially reducing yield. (any one point) 26 1. Appreciation: 3  Luther might appreciate the democratization of information in the digital age, akin to the role of the printing press in his time.  Both technologies enable widespread dissemination, allowing diverse voices to contribute to religious discourse. 2. Distinct Characteristics of Digital Media:  Digital tools offer instant global connectivity, surpassing the limitations of physical printing and enabling real-time interactions.  Social media platforms provide a dynamic space for diverse perspectives, fostering a more immediate and interactive exchange of ideas. 3. Challenges and Opportunities:  Luther might recognize the challenges of managing information overload and potential misuse in the digital realm.  However, the instantaneous nature of online communication presents unique opportunities for fostering dialogue and understanding on a global scale. 4. Reassessment of Technology and Faith:  Luther's perspective on the ultimate gift of God might prompt a reassessment of how  modern communication tools intersect with religious expression.  The parallels and distinctions between the printing press and digital media showcase the evolving dynamics of technology's impact on the dissemination of religious ideas. (Any 3 points to be considered) 27  The nature of democratic politics of the country 3  It has made administration easier  Linguistic Reorganization: One of the significant milestones was the linguistic reorganization of states in 1956. This process aimed at creating states based on linguistic and cultural affinities, acknowledging the importance of language as a crucial identity marker.  The formation of states like Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, etc., based on linguistic considerations, helped address linguistic diversity and foster a sense of linguistic identity among the people.  Some states were created to recognise difference of culture, ethnicity and geography. E.g Nagaland, Jharkhand and uttarkhand. 28 Final goods Intermediate goods 3 1. These goods are used 1. These goods are meant for final consumption for further production 2. Final goods are 2. These goods are not included in GDP include in GDP to avoid 3. Example furniture and the problem of double machines counting 3. ex : Wood is an intermediate good in the manufacture of furniture. 29 1. Economic Independence: The SHGs within the 3 "Freedom Collectives" provided a platform for women to engage in various economic activities. Members gained financial independence through initiatives such as microfinance, skill development, and entrepreneurial ventures. 2. Decision-Making Autonomy: Empowering women to make independent decisions was a hallmark of the SHGs. The members actively participated in determining the direction of economic projects, choosing avenues for skill development, and deciding on community initiatives.  3. Social Empowerment: Beyond economic aspects, the "Freedom Collectives" played a pivotal role in social empowerment. Women, who were once confined to traditional roles, became leaders within their communities, challenging social norms and stereotypes. Contribution to Community Development: 1. Collective Community Initiatives: The autonomy of SHGs extended to collective community initiatives. The "Freedom Collectives" spearheaded projects that addressed communal needs, such as healthcare awareness campaigns, educational programs, and environmental sustainability projects. 2. Resilience Building: The spirit of independence cultivated within the SHGs contributed to the resilience of the community. Through diversified economic activities and a supportive network, community members were better equipped to face challenges, ensuring sustained growth and progress. 3. Knowledge Sharing and Skill Transfer: The SHGs became knowledge-sharing hubs where skills and expertise were transferred among members. This not only elevated the economic status of individuals but also created a pool of knowledge that benefited the entire community.. 30 Reasons for the growth of nationalist tension in Balkan 5 region: (i) The Balkan was a region of geographical and ethnic variations comprising of modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro. The inhabitants were called Slavs. (ii) The spread of romantic nationalism lead to its disintegration. (iii)Different Slavic nationalities struggled to define their identity. (iv)Balkan region became a region of intense conflict over expansion of territory. (v) At the same time, the great European Powers –Russia, Germany, England and Austria Hungary were keen on taking the control of the Balkan region, since it was important from trade point of view. (vi)This led to the series of wars in the region and finally became the cause of the First World War. OR  The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch. — When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood. For this, they emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri- colour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity. French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as: (i) The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly. (ii) New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation. (iii) A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory. (iv) Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished, and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted. (v) Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation. (vi) They further declared that it was the mission and the destiny of the French nation to liberate the people of Europe from despotism and help them to become nations. 31 1. Challenges Faced by Maria: 2+2+1  Income Uncertainty: Maria experiences unpredictable earnings as a street vendor, making it challenging to plan and save for the future.  Lack of Social Security: As a worker in the unorganized sector, Maria likely lacks access to social security benefits such as health insurance, pension, and unemployment benefits. 2. Impact of Absence of Social Security on Maria:  Well-being and Financial Stability: The absence of social security benefits leaves Maria vulnerable to financial instability in times of illness or economic downturns. For instance, if Maria falls ill and cannot work for a few days, she might face difficulties covering medical expenses or meeting her basic needs. 3. Community-Based Initiative:  Formation of Workers' Collective: Encouraging Street vendors in the community to form a cooperative or  collective. This initiative can enable them to pool resources, negotiate better terms with suppliers, and collectively invest in social security measures, such as group insurance or a common fund for emergencies. OR  Strategic Product Development: The community can diversify tourism offerings beyond traditional attractions. By introducing cultural experiences, eco-tourism initiatives, and adventure activities, Serenity Bay can attract a broader range of visitors, creating additional employment opportunities and reducing the strain on specific attractions.  Empowering Local Businesses: Encouraging the growth of local businesses by promoting partnerships with tourism-related enterprises. This could involve supporting local artisans, restaurants, and services, ensuring that the economic benefits of tourism are distributed across the community and fostering a sense of ownership.  Balancing Growth with Conservation: Implementing strict environmental preservation measures to protect the town's natural beauty. This includes responsible waste management, sustainable construction practices, and initiatives to educate tourists about eco-friendly behavior. Sustainable tourism practices will contribute to long-term attractiveness and well-being.  Investing in Human Capital: Establishing training programs to enhance the skills of the local workforce in areas such as hospitality, guiding, and cultural exchange. This ensures that the community is equipped to meet the demands of the tourism industry, creating employment with a focus on quality service.  Inclusive Planning and Governance: Establishing community forums and participatory decision- making processes that involve residents in shaping the town's tourism strategy. This ensures that the community's unique identity is preserved, and residents have a say in how tourism is developed and managed. 32 1. Community Engagement and Advocacy: 5   Empower the Community: The townspeople should organize community forums and engage in open dialogues with the mining company and regulatory bodies. By fostering a sense of empowerment, the community can express concerns, share experiences, and actively participate in decision-making processes related to mining operations. 2. Implementing Rigorous Safety Measures:  Enhance Worker Safety Protocols: The mining company should prioritize the well-being of its workforce by implementing and enforcing stringent safety protocols. This includes comprehensive training programs, the provision of advanced personal protective equipment, and regular health check-ups to detect and address any occupational health issues promptly. 3. Adopting Sustainable Mining Practices:  Transition to Responsible Mining: The mining company should explore and adopt sustainable mining practices that minimize environmental degradation. This involves investing in technologies for efficient resource extraction, implementing reforestation programs to counter deforestation, and incorporating advanced water treatment processes to mitigate pollution. 4. Strengthening Regulatory Oversight:  Enforce Stringent Regulations: Regulatory bodies must strengthen and strictly enforce mining regulations. Regular inspections, audits, and a proactive approach to identifying and penalizing non-compliance are crucial. Collaborating with environmental experts and community representatives can enhance the effectiveness of regulatory oversight. 5. Investing in Community Development:  Diversify Local Economies: To reduce dependency on the mining industry, the community and the mining company should collaborate on initiatives to diversify the local economy. This may involve investing in alternative livelihood projects, such as eco-tourism or sustainable agriculture, that contribute to  the community's economic stability while minimizing the impact on the environment. OR  Initiating Education Programs: Launching programs within the village that raise awareness about the advantages of non-conventional energy sources. Conducting educational sessions and workshops to empower residents with knowledge about renewable energy and its potential benefits.  Encouraging Grassroots Initiatives: Fostering collaborative projects at the local level that utilize renewable energy. Supporting community-driven efforts, such as the installation of solar panels or wind turbines, and promoting innovation in sustainable practices through partnerships with local businesses.  Engaging with Local Authorities: Advocating for policies at the local government level that incentivize and support the adoption of non- conventional energy. Collaborating with local authorities to create a regulatory environment that encourages investment in renewable energy infrastructure.  Building Community-Based Solutions: Seeking support from governmental and non-governmental entities to invest in sustainable infrastructure. Initiating projects like solar-powered streetlights, community solar grids, and the promotion of clean cooking technologies to establish a resilient and eco-friendly energy infrastructure.  Encouraging Responsible Consumption: Promoting energy-efficient practices within the community, such as the use of energy-saving appliances and responsible energy consumption. Implementing measures to reduce overall energy demand and fostering a culture of efficiency to complement the shift to non-conventional sources. 33 Five suggestions made to reform the political parties: 5 1. Law to regulate the internal affairs of political parties like maintaining a register of its members, to follow its own constitution, to have independent authority, to act as judge in case of party dispute, to hold open elections to the highest post. 2. It should be mandatory for political parties to give one- third tickets to women candidates. In addition, there  should be quota for women on the decision-making bodies of the party. 3. There should be state funding of elections. The government should give money to parties to support their election expenses in kind (petrol, paper, telephone, etc.) or in cash based on votes secured by the party in the previous election. 4. The candidate should be educated, so that he can solve and understand people’s problems. His previous record should be cleared. He should be honest and there should be no criminal case against him. 5. Citizens can reform politics if they take part directly and join political parties. People can put pressure on political parties through petitions, publicity in media, agitations etc. OR Dynastic succession is one of the most serious challenges before the political parties because: (i) Most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedures for their functioning. (ii) There are few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to the top of a party. (iii) In many parties, the top positions are always controlled by members of one family. (iv) This practice is unfair to other members of that party and is also bad for democracy. (v) People who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy a position of power 34 a. Effectiveness of Gandhi's Strategy of Non- 4 Cooperation for Swaraj: Gandhi's strategy of non- cooperation was a significant component of his larger vision for achieving swaraj, or self-rule, during the Indian independence movement. The effectiveness of this strategy can be analyzed in several ways: 1. Mass Participation: One of the strengths of Gandhi's non-cooperation movement was its ability to mobilize masses. Through non-violent resistance, he aimed to unite people across different communities and classes in a common struggle against British rule. 2. Economic Impact: The non-cooperation movement included the boycott of British goods and institutions. This had a noticeable economic impact, as indigenous products gained popularity, and the demand for British goods decreased. The economic implications put pressure on the colonial administration.  3. Symbolic Importance: Surrendering titles and boycotting specific institutions were symbolic acts that aimed at rejecting the symbols of British authority. This symbolic resistance was crucial in challenging the legitimacy of colonial rule. 4. Moral High Ground: Gandhi believed in the moral force of non-violence. By adopting non- cooperation, he sought to demonstrate the moral superiority of the Indian people's cause, hoping to win the sympathy of the international community. 5. Limitations: However, the effectiveness of non- cooperation was not uniform. In some regions, it was more successful than in others. Additionally, its success was limited by instances of violence that occurred during protests, which Gandhi strongly opposed. b. Gandhiji's Strategy of Gradual Escalation: Gandhi advocated starting with surrendering titles and boycotting specific institutions before escalating to full civil disobedience for several reasons: 1. Building Mass Support: Gandhi believed in gradually building mass support for the independence movement. Starting with acts like surrendering titles allowed people to participate in the movement without immediately risking confrontation with the authorities. 2. Testing the Waters: The initial acts of non- cooperation served as a test of the government's response and the willingness of the masses to engage in civil resistance. It allowed for an assessment of the strength of the movement. 3. Educating the Public: Gandhi used these initial steps as a means to educate the public about the principles of non-violence and civil disobedience. It was a process of preparing the population for more significant and sustained resistance. 4. Aligning with Social and Political Context: The strategy aligned with the socio-political context of the time. The Indian population was not uniformly ready for a full-scale revolt. Many were cautious and hesitant about the consequences of direct confrontation. 5. Avoiding Repression: By beginning with relatively low-risk actions, Gandhi aimed to minimize the likelihood of severe government repression. This was crucial in maintaining public morale and support for the movement. 35 2+2 a. Jawaharlal Nehru's Proclamation: Jawaharlal Nehru proudly proclaimed dams as the "temples of Modern India" because he believed that these large-scale infrastructure projects symbolized progress, economic development, and the harnessing of natural resources for the benefit of the nation. Dams were seen as instrumental in providing water for irrigation, generating hydroelectric power, and mitigating the impact of floods, all of which were crucial for India's socio-economic development and modernization. b. Interstate Water Disputes: The primary reason behind interstate water disputes in India is the competition for shared water resources among different states. Often, rivers flow through multiple states, and the utilization of water resources becomes a contentious issue. Two rivers where interstate water disputes are ongoing include:  Cauvery River:  States Involved: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Puducherry.  Reason: Disputes arise over the sharing of Cauvery River water for irrigation and other purposes.  Krishna River:  States Involved: Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.  Reason: Disputes relate to the equitable distribution of Krishna River water among the riparian states. 36 a. Per capita income 1+3 b.  how income is distributed among the people  It hides disparities. Some may be very rich but the masses may be poor  Life expectancy, infant mortality rate, pollution free environment etc are not considered. 37 2+3