Superficial Structures of the Face PDF

SUPERFICIAL STRUCTURES OF THE FACE Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu Faculty of Medicine Dept. Of Anatomy SCALP: LAYERS SCALP 1- Skin 2- Connective tissue (subcutis) 3- Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica = epicranial aponeurosis) 4- Loose connective tissue:areolar space...

SUPERFICIAL STRUCTURES OF THE FACE Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu Faculty of Medicine Dept. Of Anatomy SCALP: LAYERS SCALP 1- Skin 2- Connective tissue (subcutis) 3- Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica = epicranial aponeurosis) 4- Loose connective tissue:areolar space Which contains emissary veins 5- Pericranium: Periosteum DANGEROUS AREA: because contains emissary veins Emissary veins: Muscles of scalp: Epicranius m. is formed of two mm: Occipitofrontalis A-occipital belly B-frontal belly Temporoparietalis Frontal belly Temporoparietalis Arteries of scalp A.v. Supratrochlear A.v. Supraorbital A.v. Superficial Temporal A.v. A.v. Occipital posterior Auricular  Supraorbital n. Zygomaticotemporal n greater Skin innervation Occipital n of scalp (Post. Supratrochlear n. Ramus of C2) N. Auriculotemporal lesser Occipital n(C2, 3) Lymphatic drainage of head Skin innervation of the face: is by the trigeminal nerve’s 3 branches: ophthalmic,maxillar & mandibular nn. Skin innervation of the face: CN 5 ( trigeminal nerve CN V1: ophthalmic n. CN V2: maxillary nerve CN V^: mendibular nerve FACE area ( mm. Of the face) These mm. are also called : Muscles of expression Examined according to the area namely mm. 1-around eye 2- around nose 3-around mouth  mm. Around eye 1- M. Orbicularis oculi 2- M. Corrugator supercilii 3- M. Depresor supercilii Orbicularis oculi m. Has 1- orbital part 2-palpebral part 3-lacrimal part  Orbicularis oculi muscle Orbital part-tightly close Palpebral part F:closing eyelids (blinking, sleeping)  Orbicularis oculi muscle Lacrimal sac Sup. Tarsus Lacrimal part Inf. Tarsus F: dilate the lacrimal sac M. Corrugator supercilii M. Depressor supercilii * mm. Around nose 1- M. Nasalis 2- M. Procerus 3- M. Depressor septi M. Nasalis Has 2 parts: 1-Transverse part 2-Alar part ( dilata tor Nasi) M. Procerus * M. Depressor septi mm. Around mouth - M. Orbicularis oris - M. Depressor labii inferioris - M. Depressor anguli oris - M. Mentalis - M. Levator labii superioris - M. Levator anguli oris - M. Zygomaticus major - M. Zygomaticus minor - M. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi - M. Risorius - M. Buccinator M. Orbicularis oris  M. Depressor labii inferioris M. Depressor anguli oris Depressor anguli oris M. Mentalis (*) ** M. Levator labii superioris  M. Levator M. Zygomaticus anguli major oris M. Levator labii superioris alaque nasi M. Zygomaticus minor M. Risorius M. Buccinator blowing Modiolus: located at the corner of mouth, mm. insert here Facial nerve innervates the mm. Of expression (face): through its five branches m. Orbicularis oculi m. Corrugator supercilii m. Procerus m. Orbicularis oculi m. Levator labii sup. alaque nasi m. Levator labii sup. m. Zygomatic minor and major m. Levator anguli oris m. Orbicularis oris m. Depressor septi m. Mentalis m. Depressor labii inf. m. Depressor anguli oris m. Orbicularis oris Arteries of face region 1- Facial a. 2- Maxillary a. 3- superficial temporal a. (all 3 are brs. of external Carotid a.) 4- Ophtalmic a. (br.of internal Carotid a.)  Ophthalmic a. ınfraorbital br. Of maxill.a. Facial artery Facial a. Branches in the - ascending Palatine a. - Tonsillary a. neck - Submental a. -Inferıor Labial a. - superior Labial a. face - lateral Nasal a. - Angular a. (Those brances are subject of this lecture) Maxillary a. - Buccal a. - Infraorbital a.  Ophtalmic a. - Supraorbital a. - Supratrochlear a. superficial Temporal a. - Transverse facial a. Veins of face and head have the same names as the arteries Lymphatic drainage of face  Video links ⚫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xmz3oLrnzB w ⚫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKVw2iBP7g w ⚫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUVD8cwKf FQ ⚫ Acknowledgement: I thank you to all the scientists for their efforts of providing and sharing the information/knowledge used in this ppt.