Computer Hardware Concepts Module 2 PDF

# CSC 105 Semester 421 Computer Concepts Module 2: Computer Hardware ## Learning Objectives (Slide 1 of 2) - Identify and describe how to use input devices - Name different types of display devices, and explain their key features - Describe different types of printers, and the advantages and disa...

# CSC 105 Semester 421 Computer Concepts Module 2: Computer Hardware ## Learning Objectives (Slide 1 of 2) - Identify and describe how to use input devices - Name different types of display devices, and explain their key features - Describe different types of printers, and the advantages and disadvantages of each - Identify and explain the different storage devices and their corresponding storage media ## Learning Objectives (Slide 2 of 2) - Explain the advantages and disadvantages of magnetic, optical, and solid-state storage systems - Explain optical storage options - Describe the different types of solid-state cards and drives - Identify expansion ports and expansion cards, and explain how to use them ## Input Devices (Slide 1 of 3) Input Device is a computer hardware that you use to communicate with the computer that includes : - Keyboards - Type letters and numbers - Navigation keypad - Moves the insertion point - Includes keys such as the Home, End, and arrow keys - Mouse - Controls on-screen pointer - Optical mouse: uses an LED (an electronic light) to track mouse movement - Laser mouse: uses a laser as the light source to track mouse movement. ## Input Devices (Slide 2 of 3) : A mobile phone with an on-screen keyboard is shown. A laptop with a built in keyboard is shown. A standalone keyboard is shown. - On-screen keyboard - Built-in keyboard - Standalone keyboard ## Input Devices (Slide 3 of 3) - Other pointing devices - Touchpad (also called a trackpad) - touch-sensitive surface - Trackball - a roller ball on the top of a mouse - Touch screen - Virtual keyboard - Gestures (tap, drag, pinch) - Other ways to input data - Scanner - Microphone - Digital camera ## Display Devices (Slide 1 of 4) - Monitor - Standalone display device - Found with desktop computers - Screen - Area where output is displayed - Monitors attached to desktop computers have screens - Notebook, netbook, tablet, smartphone and other mobile devices have screens - LCD (liquid crystal display) Manipulates light within a layer of liquid crystal cells - LED (light emitting diodes) uses light emitting diodes for the backlighting. ## Display Devices (Slide 2 of 4) - Graphics card - Contains circuitry that displays images - Contains special memory, which stores images as they are processed before display - Response rate - Speed at which screens update displays - Resolution - Maximum number of displayed horizontal and vertical pixels - Pixel (picture element) - Smallest unit in a graphic image - Each pixel fills one cell of the grid ## Display Devices (Slide 3 of 4) - Screen size - Measured diagonally in inches - Aspect ratio - Proportional relation between width and height - 4:3 was the standard for television and screens on the first generation of PCs. - 16:9 is designed for today's widescreen devices, such as notebooks and smart- phones. ## Display Devices (Slide 4 of 4) : Two images side by side of a dog swimming in a pool, the first with the aspect ratio 4:3 and the second with the aspect ratio 16:9. - Comparing Aspect Ratios - 4:3 aspect ratio - 16:9 aspect ratio ## Printers (Slide 1 of 3) - Hard copy - Printed output - Soft copy - Output viewed with a display device - Ink-jet printer - Sprays ink onto paper - Laser printer - Toner cartridges - Produces dots of light on light-sensitive drum ## Printers (Slide 2 of 3) : An image of an ink-jet printer with the black and color ink cartridges highlighted. An image of a laser printer with the toner cartridge and the paper tray highlighted. - Ink-jet - Black ink cartridge - Color ink cartridges - Laser - Toner cartridge - Paper tray ## Printers (Slide 3 of 3) - Printer resolution - Determines the quality of printed output - Measured in dots per inch (or dpi) - Printer speed - Pages per minute (ppm) - Duplex printer - Prints on both sides of paper - Network-enabled printer: connected directly to network (wired or wireless) and configure network printing for multiple users. - Photo printer: produce professional-quality images on specialized papers - 3D printer: prints 3D objects such as a toy or replacement part based on a design. ## Data Storage - An Overview (Slide 1 of 3) : A data storage system – two main parts: a storage device and a storage medium. - Storage device - Equipment that stores and retrieves data from its storage medium - Hard drive, card reader, flash drive, optical drive, solid-state card readers - Storage medium - Technology that holds data - Hard drives, memory cards, flash drives, CDs, DVDs, Blue-ray discs - Can be two separate parts or self-contained ## Data Storage - An Overview (Slide 2 of 3) - Hard drives – internal or external - Main storage system for PCs - Can be mechanical or solid state drives (SSD) - Mechanical drives have moving parts - Solid state technology – No moving parts - Additional storage devices - USB flash drives - CD/DVD/BD drives - Solid-state card readers ## Data Storage - An Overview (Slide 3 of 3) : An image of a mechanical hard drive with the read/write head, spindle and platter labeled. - Inside a mechanical hard drive - Read-write head - Spindle - Platter ## Data Storage Systems Features (Slide 1 of 2) - Storage capacity - Maximum amount of data that can be stored - Measured in megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB) - Access time - Average time to locate data on the storage medium and read it - Measured in milliseconds (thousandths of a second, abbreviated as ms) - Data transfer rate - Amount of data moved from the storage medium per second. - Random access (direct access) - Device can jump directly to the requested data ## Data Storage Systems Features (Slide 2 of 2) - Magnetic storage - Stores data by magnetizing microscopic particles on the disk or tape surface - Hard drives - Optical storage - Data stored as microscopic light and dark sports on the disc surface - CDs, DVDs, and BDs - Solid-state storage - Data stored in a nonvolatile, erasable, low-power chip - Used in compact storage cards – memory cards, thumb drives – flash drives, memory sticks, and some hard drives. ## Optical Data Storage Systems (Slide 1 of 1) - CD-ROM – Read-only technology - DVD-ROM, BD-ROM (Blu-ray, 25 to 50 GB) - CD-R – CD recordable technology (write in multiple sessions but not erase) - DVD-R/DVD+R, BD-R - CD-RW - CD rewritable technology (record and erase) - DVD-RW/DVD+RW, BD-RE - A computer system can have a CD drive, DVD drive, or BD drive - Not a replacement for a hard drive ## Solid-State Data Storage Systems (Slide 1 of 2) - Solid-state storage technology: - Stores data in a nonvolatile, erasable, low-power chip/electronic circuit - Used in digital cameras, MP3 players, etc., or for transporting data - Wide range of solid-state memory cards: - CompactFlash (CF) cards - SecureDigital (SD) cards - Memory card ## Solid-State Data Storage Systems (Slide 2 of 2) - Card reader: - Required to transfer data to or from solid-state storage cards - USB flash drives and solid-state drives (SSD): - Incorporate memory and reader into one device - Easily transportable from one computer to another ## How to Add Devices to Your Computer (Slide 1 of 3) : A motherboard is shown with an expansion card inserted into an expansion slot. - Expansion card: - Small circuit board allowing computers to communicate with a peripheral devices - Expansion slot: - Slot on motherboards where expansion cards are plugged - Expansion port: - Part of expansion card - Connector passing data between a computer and a peripheral device - Graphics ports, FireWire ports, Ethernet network ports, USB ports, etc. - Motherboard or main circuit board - Integrated circuits are connected to the motherboard ## How to Add Devices to Your Computer (Slide 2 of 3) : Images of the following ports. - Expansion ports - Thunderbolt - USB - USB 3.0 - FireWire - VGA - DVI - HDMI - Mini DisplayPort - Audio In - Audio Out - Ethernet - Wireless antenna ## How to Add Devices to Your Computer (Slide 3 of 3) - RAM (Random access memory) - Volatile main memory - Device driver - Software controlling communication with peripheral devices or expansion cards - USB (universal serial bus) port - Used for connecting many peripheral devices