Sleep Apnea Quiz PDF

**Sleep Apnea Quiz** **1. What is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?** - A. A sleep disorder causing increased respiratory rate - B. A sleep disorder with complete cessation of upper airflow during sleep - C. A sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness only - D. A...

**Sleep Apnea Quiz** **1. What is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?** - A. A sleep disorder causing increased respiratory rate - B. A sleep disorder with complete cessation of upper airflow during sleep - C. A sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness only - D. A condition caused by chronic hypoxia due to asthma **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** OSA is a sleep disorder where upper airflow is blocked during sleep, leading to apneic episodes​​. **2. Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for OSA?** - A. Apneic episodes lasting less than 10 seconds - B. Fewer than five apneic episodes per hour - C. Five or more apneic episodes per hour - D. One apneic episode per hour **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** OSA is diagnosed with five or more apneic episodes per hour during sleep​. **3. What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in OSA?** - A. Narrowing of the lower airway - B. Collapse of the alveoli - C. Blockage by the soft palate, tongue, and uvula - D. Bronchoconstriction **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** OSA is caused by the obstruction of airflow by the soft palate, tongue, and uvula during sleep​. **4. Which condition increases the risk of developing OSA?** - A. Male gender with a thick neck - B. Underweight individuals - C. Female gender with a BMI \< 18 - D. Age under 18 **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** Risk factors for OSA include male gender, thick neck, and obesity​. **5. Which clinical manifestation is commonly associated with OSA?** - A. Cyanosis - B. Persistent wheezing - C. Loud snoring with sudden awakenings - D. Frequent coughing at night **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Loud snoring followed by awakening is a hallmark of OSA​. **6. What test is most commonly used to diagnose OSA?** - A. Pulmonary function test - B. Polysomnography (sleep study) - C. Chest X-ray - D. Arterial blood gas analysis **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** Polysomnography monitors airflow, blood oxygen levels, and breathing patterns to diagnose OSA​​. **7. Which scoring system is used to assess the risk of OSA?** - A. STOP-BANG - B. APACHE - C. Glasgow Coma Scale - D. CHA2DS2-VASc **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** The STOP-BANG score is used to assess the risk of OSA​. **8. What nonpharmacologic therapy is most effective for preventing airway collapse in OSA?** - A. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) - B. Weight reduction - C. Avoiding alcohol - D. Smoking cessation **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** CPAP prevents airway collapse and is the first-line therapy for OSA​. **9. Which surgical intervention is considered for patients with severe OSA unresponsive to other treatments?** - A. Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) - B. Thoracotomy - C. Tracheostomy - D. Bronchoscopy **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** UPPP involves the removal of obstructive tissues in the upper airway and is used when other therapies fail​. **10. What complication can result from untreated OSA?** - A. Peripheral edema - B. Pulmonary embolism - C. Hypertension - D. Hypoglycemia **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Untreated OSA can lead to systemic complications such as hypertension​. **11. Which position is most recommended for patients with OSA?** - A. Supine - B. Side-lying - C. Prone - D. High Fowler\'s **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** The side-lying position reduces airway obstruction in OSA patients​. **12. Which of the following symptoms is most commonly reported by patients with OSA?** - A. Morning headaches - B. Hemoptysis - C. Chest pain - D. Persistent fever **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** Morning headaches are a common symptom of OSA due to nocturnal hypoxia and hypercapnia​. **13. Which lifestyle modification can reduce the severity of OSA?** - A. Increasing alcohol intake before bedtime - B. Sleeping in a dark room - C. Weight reduction - D. Increasing daytime naps **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Weight reduction can significantly decrease the severity of OSA​​. **14. Which type of positive airway pressure device is ideal for patients who struggle with CPAP?** - A. Ventilator - B. Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) - C. Nasal cannula - D. Non-rebreather mask **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** BiPAP adjusts pressure during inhalation and exhalation, making it more comfortable for some patients​. **15. What change in blood gas levels is expected during an OSA episode?** - A. Increased oxygen and increased pH - B. Decreased oxygen and decreased pH - C. Increased oxygen and decreased pH - D. Decreased oxygen and increased pH **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** OSA episodes cause hypoxia and hypercapnia, leading to acidosis​. **16. Which symptom would most likely prompt a provider to suspect OSA?** - A. Severe diarrhea - B. Nocturia - C. Daytime fatigue and irritability - D. Chronic dry cough **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue are hallmark symptoms of OSA​. **17. Why is CPAP effective in treating OSA?** - A. It improves lung compliance. - B. It prevents alveolar collapse. - C. It maintains upper airway patency during sleep. - D. It enhances diaphragmatic movement. **Correct Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** CPAP provides continuous pressure to keep the airway open during sleep​. **18. Which patient is at highest risk for OSA?** - A. A 25-year-old female marathon runner - B. A 50-year-old male with obesity and a thick neck - C. A 40-year-old male with asthma - D. A 35-year-old female who smokes occasionally **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** Obesity, thick neck, and male gender are significant risk factors for OSA​​. **19. What is a key purpose of a sleep study in OSA management?** - A. To assess medication effectiveness - B. To identify apneic episodes and severity - C. To evaluate REM sleep frequency - D. To diagnose lung diseases **Correct Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** Sleep studies identify apneic episodes and determine their severity​. **20. What is the primary nursing goal for a patient newly diagnosed with OSA?** - A. Improve oxygenation and sleep quality - B. Reduce reliance on CPAP therapy - C. Prevent the need for surgical intervention - D. Increase daytime activity **Correct Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** The primary goal is to improve oxygenation and quality of sleep​​.