Skin, Eyes, Nervous System Microbes PDF

Skin, Eyes, Nervous System Microbes Organism Type of Organism Characteristics of organism Diseased Caused Sign and symptoms Hallmark of disease (if Remarks...

Skin, Eyes, Nervous System Microbes Organism Type of Organism Characteristics of organism Diseased Caused Sign and symptoms Hallmark of disease (if Remarks any) S. aureus Bacterium Gram-positive, cocci, clusters skin infections like Impetigo, redness, swelling, pus, fever, MRSA resistant strains exist cellulitis, scalded skin nausea, vomiting syndrome, boils, carbuncles, pustules, abscesses, folliculitis. infected cuts and scrapes S. pyogenes Bacterium Gram-positive, cocci, chains, Strep throat, scarlet fever, Sore throat, fever, red rash, Rapid progression in Known for producing Group A Streptococcus necrotizing fasciitis, severe pain severe infections exotoxins; can lead to Impetigo, cellulitis, infected rheumatic fever if cuts and scrapes untreated Bartonella Bacterium Gram-negative, bacillus, facultative Cat scratch disease fever, fatigue, swollen lymph Swollen, tender lymph Common in henselae intracellular pathogen nodes near the site of infection, nodes near the infection immunocompromised small bump/lister at scratch site persons Pseudomonas Bacterium Gram-negative, bacillus, Pneumonia, UTIs, wound Greenish-blue pus, fruity oder, green/blue pigmentation Highly resistant to aeruginosa opportunistic pathogen, motile infections, folliculitis, fever, in ammation, respiratory in infections antibiotics; thrives in moist bacteremia issues in pneumonia cases; red environments like rash or folliculitis in hot tub hospitals, water, and soil infections Rickettsia Bacterium Gram-negative, obligate Rocky Mountain spotted Fever, headache, rash, muscle Rash that begins on Transmitted by tick bites riskettsii intracellular parasite fever pain, nausea, vomitting extremities and dreads inward Bacillus anthracis Bacterium Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod- Anthrax Black ulcer, swelling, Black eschar in Can be transmitted shaped, facultative anaerobe inhalational: Fever, cough, cutaneous anthrax through contact, inhalation, chest discomfort; or ingestion gastrointestinal: nausea, vomitting Clostridium Bacterium Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod- Gas gangrene, food Gas gangrene: Sudden pain, Gas formation in tissue, Found in soil and perfringens shaped, anaerobic poisoning swelling, gas production in foul odor intestines; produces tissue, tissue necrosis; Food toxins; spores can survive poisoning: Diarrhea cramps harsh conditions Herpes Simplex Virus DNA virus, enveloped; HSV-1 Oral herpes, genital herpes Painful blisters or ulcers on the Recurrent blisters or Latent virus that can virus primarily oral, HSV-2 primarily mouth (cold sores) or genital sores reactivate genital area; itching, burning sensation before outbreak Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA virus, enveloped Chickenpox, shingles Chickenpox: Itchy rash, fever, Rash in a single Virus remains latent in Virus malaise. Shingles: Painful, dermatome for shingles nerve cells blistering rash typically on one side of the body, nerve pain Human Virus DNA virus, non-enveloped, multiple Warts (common, plantar, Raised, rough skin growth on Common warts are Over 100 types of HPV Papillomavirus strains genital), cervical dysplasia hands, feet, or genital area; typically benign; genital canary in appearance warts may be depending on location associated with certain cancer risks 1  fl  Organism Type of Organism Characteristics of organism Diseased Caused Sign and symptoms Hallmark of disease (if Remarks any) Rubella virus Virus RNA virus, enveloped, belongs to Rubella Mild fever, rash starting on the Rash that spreads from Particularly dangerous in the Togaviridae family face and spreading to the body, face to body pregnant women swollen lymph nodes, joint pain in adults Rubeola virus Virus RNA virus, enveloped, belongs to Measles High fever, cough runny nose, Koplik spots and a Highly contagious the Paramyxoviridae family red eyes, Koplik spots inside spreading rash the mouth, followed by a red, blotchy rash starting on the face and spreading down Parvovirus B19 Virus DNA virus non-enveloped, smallest Erythema infectiosum ( fth Slapped cheek rash on the Distinct red rash on Common in children DNA virus disease) face, mild fever, runny nose, cheeks headache; the rash may spread to the body, causing a lacy appearance Human Virus DNA virus, enveloped, belongs to Roseola Sudden high fever lasting 3-5 Rash appears as fever Common in infants and Herpesvirus 6/ the Herpesvirus family days, followed by a pink rash resolves young children Human that starts on the trunk and Herpesvirus 7 spreads to limbs once ever subsides Dermatophytes Fungus Filamentous fungi, keratinophilic, Dermatophytosis (Ringworm, Circular, red, itchy, scaly Ring-shaped rash with Transmitted vis direct infects skin, hair, nails Athlete’s foot, Jock itch) patches on the skin; may raised edges contact develop a ring-like appearance with a clearer center Sporothrix Fungus Dimorphic fungus; exists as mold in Rose gardener’s disease Small painless bumps that Nodular lesions along Found in soil, plants, and schenckii the environment and yeast in the develop into ulcerative lesions, lymphatic channels decaying vegetation body typically on the hand or arm, may spread along lymph nodes Poliovirus Virus RNA virus, non-enveloped Polio Fever, sore throat, headache, Flaccid paralysis in Spread through fecal-oral nausea, muscle weakness, and severe cases transmission in severe cases paralysis of limbs or respiratory muscles Rabies virus Virus RNA virus, enveloped Rabies Fever, headache, muscle Hydrophobia and Transmitted through saliva spams, di culty swallowing, neurological symptoms of infected animals excessive salivation, confusion, agitation, hydrophobia Mycobacterium Bacterium Acid-fast, rod-shaped, slow- Leprosy Skin lesions, numbness in Skin lesions with Transmitted via prolonged leprae growing, obligate intracellular a ected areas, muscle sensory loss lose contact pathogen weakness, thickened skin, loss of sensation, deformities in advanced stages Clostridium Bacterium Gram-positive spore-forming, rod- Botulism Muscle weakness, double Flaccid paralysis due to Produces one of the most botulinum shaped, obligate anaerobe vision, dropping eyelids, neurotoxin potent toxins di culty swallowing, respiratory paralysis in severe cases Clostridium tetani Bacterium Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod- Tetanus Muscle sti ness, jaw cramping, Severe muscle spasms Found in soil, spores enter shaped, obligate anaerobe di culty swallowing, muscle and lockjaw through wounds spasms, respiratory failure in severe cases 2  ff ffi ffi ffi ff fi  Organism Type of Organism Characteristics of organism Diseased Caused Sign and symptoms Hallmark of disease (if Remarks any) Chlamydia Bacterium Gram-negative, obligate Chlamydia (STI), Trachoma Often symptomatic; genital Often asymptomatic in Leading cause of bacterial trachomatis intracellular pathogen infection may cause discharge, early stages sexually transmitted burning during urination, pelvic infections pain; Tacoma causes eye redness and discharge Conjunctivitis Bacteria, virus, and Depends on cause bacteria and Pink eye Redness in the white of the Red or pink appearance Highly contagious allergen viruses can be infectious, allergens eye, itching, discharge, tearing, of the eye, discharge are non-infectious swelling type may indicate cause 3