SCIENCE REVIEWER M3 PDF
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This document provides a review of volcanoes, including types of volcanoes based on structure and activity, and an overview of hydrothermal energy. It discusses magma, lava, and other related volcanic features. Keywords include science and volcanoes.
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SCIENCE REVIEWER Vulcanisim-a phenomenon connected with volcanoes and its volacnic activities Volcano- a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth Magma- Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface Lava-the magma that erupts through the sruface of the earth H...
SCIENCE REVIEWER Vulcanisim-a phenomenon connected with volcanoes and its volacnic activities Volcano- a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth Magma- Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface Lava-the magma that erupts through the sruface of the earth Hotspot-a region of high volcanic activity not located at any plate boundary Parts of the volcano magma chamber- The large underground pool of liquid rock found beneath the earth’s crust. Vent- The opening through which an eruption takes place Crater-a basin like depression over a vent at the summit of the cone Conduit- a channel or pipe conveying liquid materials such as magma Summit-the highest point or the apex of the volcano Ash cloud-expelled in the atmosphere composed of pulverized rock and glass created during eruption Volcanic bombs-the chunk of lava blasted into the air which solidify before hitting the ground Pyroclastic flow-fast moving The opening through which an eruption takes place Lahar- Also called mudflows; they flowing mixture of volcanic debris and water Types of vocano based on structure cinder cone- It is the simplest type of volcano Composite volcano- Made of alternating layers of pyroclastic materials and solidified lava flows Shield volcano- It is broad, gently sloping landform built by many layers of low-viscous lava flows which cannot be filed up into steep mounds Volcanic dome-A rounded, steep-sided mound that is formed by small, bulging masses of lava primarily composed of either dacite or rhyolite Super volcano- Described to produce the largest eruptions on earth Submarine volcano- It is created when magma erupts in the underwater fissures of the earth Subgical volcano- reated by eruptions beneath the surface of a glacier Volcanoes based on activity Active volcanoes- volcanoes that have had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years Inactive volcanoes- are those that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again Potentially active volcanoes- re those that have no records of volcanic activity but are morphologically young-looking Hot springs-are formed when groundwater is heated by magma or hot rocks deep within the Earth's crust and then rises to the surface through cracks in the ground Geothermal energy- generated when the heat from within the earth changes water into steam Geo-means earth Therme-means heat Types of geothermal power plant Dry steam power plant- his is the simplest and oldest type of geothermal plant Flash steam power plant- are the most commonly employed geothermal plants today Binary cycle power plant- the recent development in geothermal power plants ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Advantages Eco friendly High reliability Disadvantages Limited Accessibility Financial Constraint Possible pollution