Sexual Self Part 1 PDF

SEXUAL SELF Part 1 Presentation by GROUP 4 CONTENT DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS AND THE HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS FURTHER SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OCCURS AT PUBERTY THE EROGENOUS ZONES OF THE BODY UNDERSTANDING THE HUMAN SEXUAL...

SEXUAL SELF Part 1 Presentation by GROUP 4 CONTENT DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS AND THE HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS FURTHER SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OCCURS AT PUBERTY THE EROGENOUS ZONES OF THE BODY UNDERSTANDING THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE SEX AND BRAIN. WHAT PARTS ARE INVOLVED? UNDERSTANDING THE CHEMISTRY OF LUST, LOVE, AND ATTACHMENT DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS AND THE HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OVERVIEW OF THE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION The development of secondary sex characteristics and the human reproductive system is a complex process that involves hormonal changes, physical development, and maturation during puberty. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS Secondary sex characteristics are physical traits that emerge during puberty. These traits are largely influenced by sex hormones, primarily estrogen in females and testosterone in males. Sex hormones are chemicals produced by the body that regulate the development and functioning of the reproductive system and the development of secondary sex characteristics. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS Changes in Females: Development of Breasts Widening of Hips Menstruation Pubic and Underarm Hair Growth Enlargement of Genitalia THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS Changes in Males: Growth of Facial and Body Hair Deepening of Voice Increase in Muscle Enlargement of the Genitals Acne and Skin Changes Sperm Production  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The human reproductive system includes complex processes that ensure the production of gametes (sperm and eggs), fertilization, and fetal development. The male reproductive system focuses on sperm production and delivery, while the female reproductive system enables egg production, fertilization, and pregnancy. Hormones regulate both systems, ensuring coordinated cycles and development. The processes of fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth are fundamental for human reproduction system.  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Male Reproductive System: Testes (Testicles): Produce sperm and the hormone testosterone. Epididymis: A tube where sperm mature and are stored. Vas Deferens: Carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation.  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Male Reproductive System: Seminal Vesicles and Prostate Gland: Produce fluids that mix with sperm to create semen, which helps sperm move and survive. Penis: The external organ that delivers sperm into the female’s body during intercourse.  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female Reproductive System: Ovaries: Produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Fallopian Tubes: Carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilization (when sperm meets egg) happens here. Uterus (Womb): A place where a fertilized egg grows into a baby. It has a soft, thick lining for the baby to attach.  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female Reproductive System: Cervix: The lower part of the uterus opens into the vagina. It allows sperm to enter and is important during childbirth. Vagina: The passage where sperm enter during sex and where the baby passes through during birth. Vulva: The external parts include the labia (skin folds) and clitoris (a sensitive area). DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Male to Female During sexual intercourse, sperm are released from the penis into the vagina. Sperm travels through the cervix and uterus to the fallopian tubes to meet an egg. Fertilization If a sperm meets an egg in the fallopian tube, the egg becomes fertilized. The fertilized egg (a zygote) travels to the uterus and implants in the lining, starting pregnancy.  DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Pregnancy The fertilized egg grows into an embryo and then a fetus inside the uterus for about 9 months. Childbirth When the baby is ready, the mother goes into labor, and the baby is delivered through the vagina. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS EMBRYO STAGE WEEKS 0-4 Female Sex = Fundamental Sex (Genetic Composition: XX chromosomes) Male Sex = Presence of Y chromosome (Genetic Composition: XY chromosomes) DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS EMBRYO STAGE WEEKS 5-6 Both sexes’ embryos have the same group of cells. A rapid chemical reaction initiated by the male Y chromosome called SRY (Sex-determining Region of the Y chromosome) must occur for a fertilized egg to become a male. Presence of the SRY gene = Development of the Testes Absence of the SRY gene = Development of the Ovaries DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS EMBRYO STAGE WEEKS 7-8 The sex glands/gonads start to differentiate. The male (XY) testes produce AMH (Anti- Mullerian Hormone) and Testosterone. The female (XX) ovaries form and develops the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS FETAL STAGE WEEKS 9-12 The external genitalia starts to develop. Male (XY): testosterone converts to DHT (Dihydrotestosterone), and develops the urethra, scrotum, and penis. Female (XX): develops the clitoris, urogenital folds (labia minora; inner folds of the vulva), and labioscrotal swellings (labia majora; outer folds of the vulva). DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS FETAL STAGE WEEKS 13-22 Continuous development with the internal and external genital structures. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS IN THE EMBRYO AND FETUS FETAL STAGE WEEK 22- ONWARDS Female (XX): The ovaries are completely formed and moved from the abdomen to the pelvis. Male (XY): The testes have formed in the abdomen. Further Sexual Development Occurs at Puberty PUBERTY is a stage of development at which individuals become sexually mature. The outcome of puberty is different for boys and girls, but hormonal process is similar.  STAGE 1 Girls Boys Approximately age 8 to 11: Approximately age 9 to 12: Ovaries enlarge Hormones become Hormone production active starts Growth spurt begins  STAGE 2 Girls Approximately age 8 to 14: Boys Approximately age 9 to 15: Breast Development Height increases Nipples tender and Body shape changes elevated Development of Aureole increase in size muscle tissue and fat First stage of pubic hair Aureole darkens and may appear increases in size Height and weight will Testicles and scrotum increase grow Body gets rounder and Small amount of pubic curvier hair starts to grow  STAGE 3 Girls Boys Approximately age 11 to 16: Approximately age 9 to 15: Penis starts to grow Breast growth continues Continue to grow in height Pubic hair gets coarser Face begins to appear more and darker mature Shoulder broaden, and hips Whitish discharge from look smaller the vagina Muscle tissue increases For some, menstrual Voice starts to change and period starts at this age deepen Facial hair begins to develop on the upper lip  STAGE 4 Girls Boys Approximately age 11 to 17: Penis starts to grow in width Approximately age 10 to 16: Testicles and scrotum continue to grow Aureoles get even darker Hair begins to grow on the Pubic hair begins to have anus Texture of the penis an adult triangular becomes more adult-looking pattern of growth Underarm and facial hair Period must start at this increases stage First fertile ejaculations Ovulation may start typically appear(15 years of age) Skin gets oilier Voice continue to deepen  STAGE 5 Girls Boys Approximately age 12 to 19: Approximately age 14 to 18: Final stage of Reach full adult height development Pubic hair and genitals Full height is reached look like an adult Ovulate regularly man’s do Pubic hair is filled in Some men, continue Breasts are developed to grow past this point THE EROGENOUS ZONES OF THE BODY WHAT IS EROGENOUS ZONE? HIGHLY SENSITIVE IN THIS CONCEPT This term is popularized in 1960 It means the body has a high to 1970.This describe the areas number of sensory receptors of the body that are highly where a person is generally more sensitive to stimuli and are sensitive to both pleasure and pain than in other areas of the body. often sexually exciting.  SKIN AS THE PRIMARY EROTIC STIMULUS NONSPECIFIC TYPE It is similar to any other portion of the usual-haired skin. The nerves supplying it are composed of the usual density of dermal-nerve networks and hair follicle networks. The learned and anticipated pleasurable sensations when a stimulus is presented in these regions produce the amplified sensation.  SKIN AS THE PRIMARY EROTIC STIMULUS NONSPECIFIC TYPE The pleasurable sensation felt from these regions is simply an exaggerated form of tickle. Examples of this type of skin are the sides and back of the neck, the axilla (armpit, underarm), and the sides of the chest.  SKIN AS THE PRIMARY EROTIC STIMULUS SPECIFIC TYPE It is found in the mucocutaneous regions of the body or those regions made both of mucous membrane and of cutaneous skin. These regions favor acute perception. These specific sites of acute sensation are the genital regions. MEN GENITAL REGIONS PREPUCE PENIS Non-technical name - Foreskin A male erectile organ of copulation Retractable fold of skin by which urine and semen are covering the tip of penis. discharged from the body. FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA MONS PUBIS The pad of fatty tissue lying in front of the pubic symphysis. CLITORIS A female sexual organ that is small, sensitive, and located in front of the opening of the vagina. LABIA MAJORA The fleshy lips around the vagina FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITALIA VAGINAL INTROITUS The opening that leads to vaginal canal HYMEN The membrane that surrounds or partially covers the external vaginal opening LABIA MINORA The two flaps of skin on either side of the human vaginal opening in the vulva situated between labia majora FEMALE GENITALIA  OTHER SPECIFIC TYPE: PERIANAL SKIN Refers to the area of the body surrounding the anus, and in particular, the skin. NIPPLES Raised region of tissue in the surface of the breast. LIPS Are soft, movable, and serve as an opening for food intake and in the articulation of sound and speech. ICE BREAKER WHAT STAGE IS IT CALLED WHEN INDIVIDUALS BECOME SEXUALLY MATURE? WHAT IS THE GENETIC COMPOSITION OF THE FEMALE AND MALE SEX? WHAT IS THE PRIMARY EROTIC STIMULUS? UNDERSTANDING THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE It is the sequence of physical and emotional occurrences when the person is participating in a sexually stimulating activity, such as intercourse or masturbation (Cleveland Clinic, WEB). Both men and women experience these phases. However, they do not experience it at the same time. The intensity of the sensation and the time spent in each phase also vary from person to person. IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE Enhances a couple's sexual relationship. It can also help address the cause of sexual dysfunction. WILLIAM MASTERS AND VIRGINIA JOHNSON (LATE 1950S) Pioneered research to understand human sexual response, dysfunction, and disorders. Masters and Johnson have been widely recognized for their contributions to sexual, psychological, and psychiatric research, particularly for their theory of a four-stage model of sexual response (also known as the human sexual response cycle). FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: EXCITEMENT PLATEAU ORGASM RESOLUTION THE DIFFERENT HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE OF A MAN AND A WOMAN: FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 1: EXCITEMENT Muscle tension increases. Heart rate quickens, and breathing is accelerated. Skin may become flushed (blotches of redness appear on the chest and back). Nipples become hardened or erect. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 1: EXCITEMENT Blood flow to the genitals increases, resulting in swelling of the woman's clitoris and labia minora, and erection of the man's penis. Vaginal lubrication begins. The woman's breasts become fuller and the vaginal walls begin to swell. The man's testicles swell, his scrotum tightens, and he begins secreting a lubricating liquid. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 2: PLATEAU The changes begun in Phase 1 are intensified. The vagina continues to swell from increased blood flow, and the vaginal walls turn a dark purple. The woman's clitoris becomes highly sensitive (may even be painful to touch) and retracts under the clitoral hood to avoid direct stimulation from the penis. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 2: PLATEAU The man's testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum. Breathing, heart rate and blood pressure continue to increase. Muscle spasms may begin in the feet, face, and hands. Tension in the muscles increases. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 3: ORGASM Involuntary muscle contractions begin. Blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are at their highest rates, with a rapid intake of oxygen. Muscles in the feet spasm. There is a sudden, forceful release of sexual tension. Undergoes rhythmic contractions. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 3: ORGASM In women, the muscles of the vagina contract. The uterus also undergoes rhythmic contractions In men, rhythmic contractions of the muscles at the base of the penis result in the ejaculation of semen. A rash or "sex flush" may appear over the entire body. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 4: RESOLUTION During this phase, the body slowly returns to its normal functioning level. The swelled and erect body parts return to their previous size and color. This phase is marked by a general sense of well-being; intimacy is enhanced; and often, fatigue sets in. FOUR PHASES OF THE HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: PHASE 4: RESOLUTION With further sexual stimulation, some women can return to the orgasm phase. This allows them to experience multiple orgasms. Men, on the other hand, need recovery time after orgasm. This is called the refractory period. How long a man needs a refractory period varies among men and his age. Refractory Period - recovery phase after orgasm SEX AND THE BRAIN WHAT PARTS ARE INVOLVED? Sex is fundamentally the combination of male and female genes to produce offspring. Over time, this process has evolved into a complex behavior driven by motivation and reward systems. The brain, as the largest sex organ, regulates biological urges, mental processes, and emotional and physical responses related to sex.  ROLE OF THE BRAIN IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 1. Sensory Feeling The brain interprets nerve impulses from the skin, translating them into pleasurable sensations.  ROLE OF THE BRAIN IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 2. Muscle and Nerve Control It manages the nerves and muscles involved in sexual actions.  ROLE OF THE BRAIN IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 3. Sexual Thoughts The cerebral cortex is believed to house sexual fantasies and thoughts.  ROLE OF THE BRAIN IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 4. Emotional Processing The limbic system is responsible for emotions and feelings that influence sexual behavior.  ROLE OF THE BRAIN IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 5. Hormonal Regulation The brain releases hormones that drive sexual desire.  ROLE OF THE HORMONES IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY Hypothalamus A key brain area that influences sexual functioning and is connected to the pituitary gland, which secretes various hormones. ROLE OF THE HORMONES IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 1. Oxytocin Known as the 'love hormone', it fosters close relationships and is released during orgasm. 2. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Regulates ovulation and is linked to increased sexual activity during a woman's fertile phase. ROLE OF THE HORMONES IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY 3. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Regulates reproductive hormones in both genders; stimulates testosterone production in males. 4. Vasopressin Involved in male arousal and linked to increased motivation for sexual activity. 5. Estrogen and Progesterone Regulate female sexual motivation, with estrogen increasing desire and progesterone decreasing it. UNDERSTANDING THE CHEMISTRY OF LUST, LOVE, AND ATTACHMENT Falling in love is a beautifully wild experience characterized by longing, passion, and euphoria. Over time, excitement diminishes, (though the levels vary for every couple) and for couples who remain together, the rush is replaced by a nurturing feeling, explained by brain chemistry — the neurotransmitters that get stimulated to release hormones throughout your body.  Anthropologist Helen Fisher of Rutgers University proposed three stages of falling in love; for each stage, a different set of chemicals run the show. THE THREE STAGES OF FALLING IN LOVE: 1. LUST (Erotic Passion) This stage involves physical attraction aiming to seduce and be seduced by the object of affection. It’s driven by testosterone in men and estrogen in women. However, lust doesn't guarantee lasting love. THE THREE STAGES OF FALLING IN LOVE: 2. ATTRACTION (Romantic Passion) At this stage, you crave your partner's presence, feeling excited and energetic, triggered by three chemicals: norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. ATTRACTION 1. Norepinephrine responsible for the extra surge of energy and triggers increased heart rate, appetite loss, and sleep desire, preparing the body to become more alert 2.Dopamine associated with motivation and goal-directed behavior that are linked to pursuing one's affectionate object, creating a sense of novelty and excitement, and wanting to share their admirable qualities with the world. ATTRACTION 3. Serotonin A thought to cause obsessive thinking. Obsessive-compulsive behavior (OCD) is linked to low levels of serotonin in individuals, with those who express love and have OCD having less serotonin transporter in their blood compared to those who do not express love and do not have OCD. THE THREE STAGES OF FALLING IN LOVE: 3. ATTACHMENT (Commitment) The desire for a long-term commitment with your partner, may lead to marriage or the possibility of having children. THANK YOU SO MUCH! Presentation by BALOCA, KIRSTEN ESCLETO, JUVEN GANTUANGCO, ELAIZZA RAMIREZ, CHARIZ TIMBAL, JOIE VALE, JYRHA VILLETA, EDMUND