Semester 1 Test PDF

Semester 1 Test Name: ______________________________________________________ Class: __________ Savvas Test Questions Topic 1: 1. Water, air, buildings, food, and everything visible and invisible has mass and takes up space. What is the word used to des...

Semester 1 Test Name: ______________________________________________________ Class: __________ Savvas Test Questions Topic 1: 1. Water, air, buildings, food, and everything visible and invisible has mass and takes up space. What is the word used to describe anything that has mass and takes up space? A. atom B. molecule C. solid D. matter 2. The difference between a physical change and a chemical change is that a chemical change makes a new substance. For example, when water freezes, it goes through a physical change, but it does not change into a different substance. Choose the THREE items that describe physical changes. A. rusting metal B. boiling water C. breaking ice D. carving a wooden statue E. baking a cake 3. Jonah and Rachel volunteer at the recycling center sorting and organizing recyclable objects. Jonah is sorting aluminum cans and crushing the cans to fit more in the bag. Rachel is sorting metal and steel objects into appropriate bins. Jonah realizes that even though he is crushing the cans, the amount of material in each can is unchanged. Which of the following describes the process that is taking place? A. a change in chemical bonds within the object B. a change in matter that produces one or more new substances C. a change in mass of an object D. a change in form or appearance of matter 4. Julian accidentally dropped his science display and all the illustrations and labels are scattered. Drag each label to its correct illustration. Element Compound Atom Molecule 5. Jonah and Rachel volunteer at the recycling center sorting and organizing recyclable objects. Jonah is sorting aluminum cans and crushing the cans to fit more in the bag. Rachel is sorting metal and steel objects into appropriate bins. Rachel notices that many objects have rusted. Rusting is a chemical change that some metal and steel objects undergo when they are exposed to oxygen. Which option best describes a chemical change? A. a change from solar energy to chemical energy B. a change in matter that produces one or more new substances C. a change from a liquid state to a gas state D. a change in form or appearance of matter Topic 2: 1. Nico is sorting food in his refrigerator for a class project. He is not certain how to classify strawberry jam. A spoonful of jam has a definite shape and volume, but only if he does not tip the spoon. Which classification best describes the jam? a. Amorphous solid b. Crystalline solid c. Liquid with high viscosity d. Liquid with low viscosity 2. Choose the terms and phrases that correctly complete the sentences. Gloria’s family built a new deck using building materials made from recycled plastic bottles. As they were heated, the plastics softened and were formed into new shapes. These plastics were (crystalline, amorphous, viscosity, vibrating) solids, and their particles are arranged (far apart from each other, in regular patterns, in no regular pattern, so that the particles slide by each other). These solids are different from (viscosity, amorphous, crystalline, vibrating) solids, which melt at a specific temperature. 3. A scout on a hike becomes lost. He does not have a compass, but he does have a small needle, a magnet, and some water. He magnetizes the needle and then gently places it on the surface of the water, where it points to the north. What property of the water makes it possible for the needle to lie on the surface of the water? a. Viscosity b. Definite volume c. Surface tension d. Boiling point 4. Chelsea went ice-skating. Theice, her skates, the Zamboni, and the rink building itself were all examples of solids she encountered. She developed a model of the particles in the ice. Which of these statements about the particles present in her model of a solid are true? Choose the three statements that apply. a. They vibrate in place. b. They slide past each other. c. They are packed very closely together. d. They cause the solid to have definite volume and definite shape. 5. Have you ever noticed that some paints, glues, and nail polish remover have a peculiar smell? What you smell might be acetone. Acetone is a liquid at room temperature. Examine the graph showing what happens when liquid acetone becomes a gas. How many minutes did it take for all the liquid acetone to become a gas? a. 10 c. 40 b. 30 d. 56 6. Choose the words and phrases that correctly complete the paragraph. Chase and Bernice were ice-fishing at a frozen pond where the temperature was -4 degrees C. As the boys sat on the ice, the thermal energy of the ice (stayed the same, increased, decreased in temperature, decreased), and some of the ice (condensed, froze, melted, sublimed). One of Bernie’s gloves became wet. As it sat in the cold air, the thermal energy of the water on the glove (decreased then increased, increased, decreased, stayed the same), and the water on the glove (condensed, froze, sublimed, melted).  7. Nakeem and his team were playing basketball in the gym, and all the basketballs were firm and bounced well. When the team went outside, the same basketballs seemed a bit flat and would not bounce well. Which statement provides the best explanation for what happened to the basketballs? a. The temperature outside was colder than the temperature in the gym, so the pressure of the air in the balls increased. b. The temperature outside was warmer than the temperature in the gym, so the pressure of the air in the balls increased. c. The temperature outside was colder than the temperature in the gym, so the pressure of the air in the balls decreased. d. The temperature outside was warmer than the temperature in the gym, so the pressure of the air in the balls decreased. 8. Kenneth warmed up a 100-mL sample of air in an expandable container. He displayed the results in the following graph. The results formed a straight line, so he extended the line the full length of the graph. At what temperature did the gas have a volume of 110 mL? A. 19 K B. 20 K C. 110 K D. 300 K Topic 3: 1. A class uses ten students to model a lithium atom. Each student represents a particle in the atom. Three students wear signs with a “+”, representing (Isotopes, Protons, Electrons, Neutrons). The four students “0” signs represent (Isotopes, Protons, Electrons, Neutrons). Each of the remaining students wears a “-” sign, representing (Isotopes, Protons, Electrons, Neutrons).  2. Many events are periodic. The seasons and the calendar are periodic. If you have a music lesson every Tuesday after school, it is a periodic event. Which statement best explains why the table of elements is periodic? a. All elements are included in the table. b. It has rows and columns, as a calendar does. c. Properties of the elements repeat in a cycle or repeating pattern. d. It has many different parts, each of which is different from other parts. 3. In 1986, there was an accident that led to an explosion at the Chernobyl Power Plant in what was then the Soviet Union. Soon after, people started to notice something horrifying. A radioactive element released during the explosion was replacing calcium in people’s teeth and bones! The element had chemical properties similar to calcium. Which elements are likely to have similar properties to calcium because they have the same number of valence electrons as calcium? a. Carbon (C) & Phosphorus (P) b. Cobalt (Co) & Nickel (Ni) c. Gallium (Ga) & Indium (In) d. Magnesium (Mg) & Strontium (Sr) 4. The atomic structure of an element that is a key ingredient in soft drinks is modeled below. It is in a compound that makes a soft drink tart. Look at the diagram and the periodic table. Which element is represented by the diagram? a. Arsenic (As) b. Nitrogen (N) c. Phosphorus (P) d. Sulfur (S) Topic 4: 1. Jasmine has been reading about mixtures and how they can be classified. After reading about the kinds of mixtures and their characteristics, she wants to know how a heterogeneous mixture is different from a homogeneous mixture. What is the main difference between these two kinds of mixtures? A. In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are not evenly spread throughout the mixture. In a homogeneous mixture, the components are evenly spread throughout the mixture. B. In a homogeneous mixture, the components are not evenly spread throughout the mixture. In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are evenly spread throughout the mixture. C. In a homogeneous mixture, the components are easy to see and are well mixed so the components show up in different parts of the mixture. D. In a heterogeneous mixture, the components are difficult to see and are spread out uniformly throughout the mixture. 2. Jasmine has been reading about mixtures and how they can be classified. After reading that a solution is a homogeneous mixture, she wondered about her favorite morning drink, grape juice. Which statement about the solution that makes up grape juice is true? A. Sugar is the solvent and water is one of the solutes. B. Water is the solvent and sugar is one of the solutes. C. Grapes are the solvent and water is one of the solutes. D. Sugar is one of the solvents and grapes are one of the solutes. 3. Earlier in the day, Will learned about the kinds of changes in matter that can take place. Later that day, he made toast and buttered it, but left the butter out on the warm stove. What kind of change would most likely take place with the butter? A. chemical B. physical C. liquid D. solid 4. Macy has been studying physical and chemical reactions in school. She read about chemical reactions and how energy is either required or released during chemical reactions. Which word describes the direction of heat flow illustrated in the picture? A. chemical B. endothermic C. exothermic D. physical 5. After having studied chemical reactions in school, Jose knew that when oxygen and hydrogen gases combine in the correct amounts, the combination yields a new substance, water. Choose the words to finish the sentence. The hydrogen and oxygen are (Polymers, Product, Reactants, Synthetic), white the water is the (Polymers, Product, Reactants, Synthetic). 6. Alex saw a rusty old car in an abandoned lot. Because he had recently read about chemical reactions, he began to wonder how the rust formed. What happened to cause the rust on the steel car? A. A physical change took place in the steel of the car to form rust. B. Oxygen in the air reacted with the paint on the car and formed rust. C. Oxygen in the air chemically combined with the iron in the steel to form rust. D. A decomposition chemical reaction took place when the iron in the steel mixed with oxygen to form rust.  7. Choose the words to finish the sentence. After learning about the law of conservation of mass, Sammy became interested in balancing equations. He knew that the symbol for aluminum was Al and silver tarnish was Ag2S. He also knew that mixing the two chemicals yielded pure silver, or Ag, in an aluminum sulfide solution. The equation showing this reaction is shown below. 3Ag2S + 2Al —--> 6Ag + Al2S3 This equation is (Replacement, Synthesis, Unbalanced, Balanced) and it represents a (Replacement, Synthesis, Unbalanced, Balanced) chemical reaction. 8. Luisa likes to drink water from a plastic bottle. She knows the bottles were formed from synthetic polymers that were created in a chemical reaction. She also knows that synthetic materials can cause problems. Which statement explains the kind of problem that can develop from using synthetic materials such as plastic? A. Plastics have changed the way people use materials. B. Plastics have made the lives of people easier. C. Plastics have contributed to more pollution. D. Plastics have made more work for people. 9. Robert read more about food preservatives after studying synthetic materials in school. He wanted to know more about the way food preservatives interact and their effects. Read each of the sentences that describe benefits and drawbacks of using synthetic food preservatives. Drag each sentence into the correct box. Cheaper to produce in large Affects health Keep foods fresh longer amounts Unknown effects in the future Can make food safer Can substitute for unavailable or scare food Benefits Drawbacks  Textbook Test Questions Topic 1: 1. Which of the following is a solution? a. Salt water b. Macaroni and cheese c. Cake mix d. Vegetable soup 2. Which is the correct equation for calculating density? a. Density=Mass/Volume b. Density=Mass/Weight c. Density=Volume/Mass d. Density=Volume/Weight 3. Weight is a flawed measure of mass because a. Is not used in other countries b. Is affected by the force of gravity c. Tends to fluctuate d. Can be influenced by temperature and pressure 4. Which of the following describes a physical change? a. A marshmallow burns over an open flame b. Icicles melt from a rooftop c. A cat eats a piece of fish d. Milk turns sour 5. Which of the following describes a chemical change? a. Clear liquids mix, producing a cloudy liquid with yellow chunks b. Silver coins are melted down and shaped into a solid brick c. Salt is added to a pot of hot water, and the water’s boiling point changes d. An apple is chopped into eight slices 6. The law of conservation of mass states that a. Matter is neither created nor destroyed b. The mass of an object remains that same even if chemical change occurs c. The number of molecules before and after a chemical reaction cannot change d. Mass is lost when a chemical change occurs  7. Temperature is a. The movement of thermal energy from a solid to a liquid b. The difference in thermal energy between two objects c. A measure of how hot or cold something is d. A measure of how fast thermal energy is moving Topic 2: 1. A substance that has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume is a a. Fluid b. Solid c. Liquid d. Gas 2. In a solid, particles do not move around each other, but they do a. Change shape b. Vibrate c. Flow d. Sit completely still 3. Sugar is considered a crystalline solid because its particles are a. Arranged in a regular pattern b. Arranged randomly c. Completely motionless d. Able to move around one another 4. Vaporization that takes place both above and below the surface is called a. Evaporation b. Boiling c. Condensation d. Precipitation 5. When a liquid freezes into a solid, the particles of the substance a. Lose energy b. Gain energy c. Move faster d. Disappear Topic 3: 1. Which atomic particle has no charge? a. Electron b. Neutron c. Nucleus d. Proton 2. Which of these pairs of atoms are isotopes? a. Scandium-46 & Titanium-46 b. Iron-56 & Sodium-24 c. Chlorine-35 & Chlorine-37 d. Sodium-24 & Magnesium-24 3. Rutherford predicted that an atom has a dense core called a(n) ___________________. 4. How are atoms arranged in the modern periodic table? a. By increasing atomic mass b. By decreasing atomic mass c. By increasing atomic number d. By decreasing atomic number 5. Who organized elements into the modern periodic table? a. Dalton b. Mendeleev c. Rutherford d. Thomson 6. How many valence electrons are present in an atom of Argon? a. 0 b. 8 c. 18 d. 40 7. All the elements in Group 2 have the same… a. Atomic mass b. Number of valence electrons c. Chemical symbol d. Atomic number  8. One property of metalloids not shared with metals or nonmetals is that metalloids are ___________________________________. 9. When do atoms form a covalent bond? a. When they share electrons b. When they give up electrons c. When they accept additional electrons d. When electrons remain with the same atoms Topic 4: 1. In a heterogeneous mixture, the substances a. Can be physically separated b. Are chemically combined c. Can only be separated through chemical processes d. Break down into new substances 2. Which of the following statements is true? a. A solution is a pure substance b. A solution is a mixture c. The solvent is dissolved in the solute d. A solution has the same properties as a colloid 3. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? a. Breaking a rock into smaller pieces b. Burning a candle c. Stirring butter and sugar together d. Adding food coloring to water 4. In general, what happens to the rate of reaction when you decrease the temperature of a chemical reaction? a. It decreases b. It increases c. It is unaffected d. It increases, and then decreases 5. Burning a log is an example of a. An endothermic reaction b. A solution c. A catalyst d. An exothermic reaction 6. All chemical changes result in ______________________________________. 7. In the chemical equation shown, what are the reactants? 4Al + 3O2 —--> 2Al2O3 a. Al2O3 b. Al2O3 and Al c. Al and O2 d. Al2O3 and O2 8. Which of the following statements about synthetic materials is true? a. Synthetic materials are never harmful to the environment b. Synthetic materials are pure substances found in nature c. Synthetic materials have properties that are different from those of the natural materials used to produce them d. Synthetic materials are not different from natural materials 9. Which of the following is a valid explanation for why people produce synthetic materials? a. Synthetic materials always biodegrade easily b. Synthetic materials do not require any natural resources to produce c. Synthetic materials are less artificial than natural resources d. Synthetic materials help meet societal demand for materials that are in short supply in nature  Skill Test Questions Topic 3: Find the following information on the element card: 1. Atomic Mass: ___________ 2. Atomic Number: __________ 3. Symbol: _____________ 4. Name: __________ 5. Protons: __________ 6. Neutrons: _________ 7. Electrons: ___________ Find the protons, neutrons, and electrons of the following elements: 8. Protons: _________ 9. Neutrons: _________ 10. Electrons: _________ 11. Protons: _________ 12. Neutrons: _________ 13. Electrons: _________ Draw a Lewis dot structure of the following elements: 14. *REMEMBER THIS IS THE EXCEPTION TO THE RULE* 15. Draw a bohr model of the following elements: 16. 17. Topic 4: 1. _____N2 + _____H2 —--------> _____NH3 2. _____Pb(OH)2 + _____HCl —--------> _____H2O + _____PbCl2 3. _____HNO3 + _____NaHCO3 —---------> _____NaNO3 + _____H2O + _____CO2