Section_One_Complete.docx

Section One =========== 1\. A PT working on an acute care floor treats an 18-year-old patient, two weeks status post cardiac surgery. The patient is using a treadmill to increase her aerobic endurance. The PT continually monitors her heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation during the sess...

Section One =========== 1\. A PT working on an acute care floor treats an 18-year-old patient, two weeks status post cardiac surgery. The patient is using a treadmill to increase her aerobic endurance. The PT continually monitors her heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation during the session. Which of the following would be an indication for the therapist to terminate the exercise session? a\. Heart rate increases to 20 beats per minute above the resting heart rate b\. Oxygen saturation drops to 95% from a resting level of 98% c\. Diastolic blood pressure decreases by 15 mm Hg from the resting level d\. Systolic blood pressure increases to 15 mm Hg above the resting level Correct Answer: C A PT must closely monitor a patient's vital signs following cardiac surgery. Normally SBP would increase with active exercise, while DBP would remain relatively stable. As a result, the 15 mm Hg decrease in the patient's diastolic pressure would warrant terminating the exercise session. Failure to act in this manner could expose the patient to an unnecessary health risk. 2\. A PT is treating a patient using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle reeducation. The therapist would like to increase the pulse characteristic called amplitude. Which control should be manipulated on the stimulator? a\. Frequency b\. Rate c\. Intensity d\. Phase duration Correct Answer: C Amplitude refers to the magnitude of the current delivered. Amplitude is synonymous with words such as current intensity or voltage. 3\. A PT performs a gait analysis on a patient rehabilitating from a stroke with left hemisphere involvement. As part of the examination the therapist observes that initial contact phase on the right is performed with foot flat and during right swing phase the patient has to hike the right hip in order to avoid stubbing his toes during midswing. The most likely causes of these gait deviations are: a\. Spastic dorsiflexors/everters and weak quadriceps b\. Tight hamstrings and weak plantar flexors c\. Spastic plantar flexors and weak dorsiflexors/everters d\. Spastic adductors and tight dorsiflexors/everters Correct Answer: C A left hemisphere stroke will result in right-sided involvement that may include a combination of paresis and spasticity. A combination of an increase in tone of the plantar flexors and weakness of the dorsiflexors will cause a "foot flat" effect during initial stance and make it more difficult for the patient to clear the limb during swing phase. 4\. A PT receives a new referral to examine a 22-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis. The patient was admitted to the hospital after experiencing an acute pulmonary exacerbation. Prior to beginning the session, the therapist attempts to identify any potential contraindications to chest PT. Which of the following would NOT be a contraindication to percussion? a\. Recent pneumothorax b\. Hemoptysis occurring 12 hours ago c\. Chest tube inserted into the right lateral lower lobe d\. Platelet count of 15,000/mm\^3 Correct Answer: C An untreated pneumothorax, hemoptysis occurring less than 24 hours ago, and a platelet count of less than 20,000/mm\^3 are all contraindications to percussion. A chest tube, although something to be aware of, is not a contraindication. A therapist can easily provide percussion to areas around the chest tube, avoiding any tender areas near the tube's insertion. 5\. A PT working in the neonatal intensive care unit reads the history of a new patient, an infant born prematurely at 28 weeks gestation. The APGAR scores for 1, 5, and 10 minutes are 1, 1, and 3 respectively. APGAR scores measure: a\. HR, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color b\. Breathing, HR, eye opening, body weight, and grasp reflex c\. Sucking reflex, startle reflex, reflex irritability, and body weight d\. Skin color, HR, and response to light Correct Answer: A APGAR scores measure an infant's HR, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. Scores ranging from 0-10 are usually recorded at 1, 5, and 10 minutes of life. 6\. A PT employed in an acute care hospital works with a 42-year-old female who sustained a stroke six weeks ago. The patient is from Mexico and has only recently moved to the United States. She does not speak any English, but her eight-year-old son is with her and he speaks fairly fluent English. When communicating with the patient, the MOST appropriate therapist action is: a\. Simplify the questions to require only yes or no responses b\. Ask the patient's son to interpret for you c\. Use gestures to help in the communication process d\. Seek the help of the hospital medical interpreter Correct Answer: D If the patient is unable to speak the English language then the facility is responsible for providing an interpreter to ensure that the patient understands the therapeutic interventions and informed consent elements regarding care. The patient's son may be helpful during the session, however, the boy's age and the patient's present medical status necessitate more formal action.