Physical Therapy: Acute Care Patient Exercise Session

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the components of APGAR scores?

Skin color (correct)

Blood pressure

Body temperature

Body mass index

What is the primary reason for using an interpreter in a healthcare setting?

To provide translation services for the medical staff

To ensure the patient understands therapeutic interventions (correct)

To provide emotional support to the patient

To interpret non-verbal cues from the patient

What vital sign change would indicate termination of the exercise session for a patient two weeks post cardiac surgery?

Diastolic blood pressure decreases by 15 mm Hg from the resting level (correct)

Oxygen saturation drops to 95% from a resting level of 98%

Heart rate increases to 20 beats per minute above the resting heart rate

Systolic blood pressure increases to 20 mm Hg above the resting level

What is the age range during which APGAR scores are usually recorded?

At 1, 5, and 10 minutes of life Signup and view all the answers

What pulse characteristic refers to the magnitude of the current delivered in neuromuscular electrical stimulation?

Intensity Signup and view all the answers

Why should a healthcare provider avoid relying on a patient's family member to interpret?

The family member's age may be a factor in their ability to accurately interpret Signup and view all the answers

What is the chief concern when communicating with a patient who speaks a different language?

Ensuring the patient understands therapeutic interventions and informed consent Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of a patient's gait deviation, characterized by foot flat initial contact on the right and hiking the right hip during midswing, in a patient rehabilitating from a stroke with left hemisphere involvement?

Spastic dorsiflexors/everters and weak quadriceps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a hospital medical interpreter?

To facilitate communication between the healthcare provider and patient Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the PT treating the patient two weeks post cardiac surgery using a treadmill?

Increase aerobic endurance Signup and view all the answers

What should the PT continually monitor during the exercise session with the patient two weeks post cardiac surgery?

Heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the magnitude of the current delivered in neuromuscular electrical stimulation?

Amplitude Signup and view all the answers

What gait phase is characterized by the patient hiking the right hip to avoid stubbing the toes during midswing?

Right swing phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of monitoring oxygen saturation during exercise in a patient two weeks post cardiac surgery?

To detect any respiratory complications Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical combination of muscle imbalance that occurs in a patient with a left hemisphere stroke?

Spastic plantar flexors and weak dorsiflexors/everters Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of an increase in tone of the plantar flexors and weakness of the dorsiflexors in a patient with a left hemisphere stroke?

A 'foot flat' effect during initial stance and difficulty in clearing the limb during swing phase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication to percussion in a patient with cystic fibrosis?

Chest tube inserted into the right lateral lower lobe Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum platelet count required for percussion to be contraindicated in a patient with cystic fibrosis?

20,000/mm^3 Signup and view all the answers

What do APGAR scores measure in a newborn infant?

HR, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of APGAR scores in a newborn infant?

They assess the overall physical health of the infant Signup and view all the answers

At what gestational age was the infant born, according to the case scenario?

28 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What was the APGAR score of the infant at 10 minutes, according to the case scenario?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Termination of Exercise Session

Diastolic blood pressure decreasing by 15 mm Hg from the resting level is an indication to terminate the exercise session in a patient who has undergone cardiac surgery.

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

Amplitude refers to the magnitude of the current delivered, synonymous with current intensity or voltage.
To increase amplitude, the intensity control on the stimulator should be manipulated.

Gait Analysis

Initial contact phase with foot flat and hiking the hip to avoid stubbing toes during mid-swing are gait deviations that may be caused by spastic plantar flexors and weak dorsiflexors/everters.
These gait deviations are commonly seen in patients rehabilitating from a stroke with left hemisphere involvement.

Contraindications to Chest PT

Untreated pneumothorax, hemoptysis occurring less than 24 hours ago, and a platelet count of less than 20,000/mm³ are contraindications to percussion.
A chest tube is not a contraindication to percussion, but the therapist should be aware of it and avoid tender areas near the tube's insertion.

APGAR Scores

APGAR scores measure an infant's heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color.
Scores ranging from 0-10 are usually recorded at 1, 5, and 10 minutes of life.

Communication in Healthcare

In a healthcare setting, if a patient is unable to speak the dominant language, the facility is responsible for providing an interpreter to ensure the patient understands the therapeutic interventions and informed consent elements regarding care.

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Description

A physical therapist is treating a patient two weeks after cardiac surgery. The patient is on a treadmill to increase aerobic endurance. What should the therapist do if certain vital signs change?