Science Summative Crit A Energy Notes PDF
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This document provides notes on energy transformations, types of energy, calculating energy, mechanical energy, and work and power. The document includes definitions, formulas, and examples. It's suitable for secondary school students studying physics or science.
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Energy Transformations Embracing Change Unit Crit A Assessment Types of Energy: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Motion Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Electrical Energy...
Energy Transformations Embracing Change Unit Crit A Assessment Types of Energy: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Motion Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Electrical Energy Electric Potential Energy Sound Energy Elastic Energy Radiant Energy Chemical Energy Thermal Energy Nuclear Energy ★ Definition of energy - the ability to do work, which is the ability to exert a force causing the displacement of an object ○ Unit: Joules (J) ★ Energy is the ability to make things happen (e.g. move). ★ Law of energy conservation: Energy cannot be destroyed or created - it can only change form ○ Although energy cannot be destroyed, they can be “lost “ (i.e. converted into energy that is less useful, and are usually energies like sound or heat) ○ A sankey diagram can effectively show what kind of energy is energy A transformed into Calculating Energy: Gravitational Potential Energy Formula Variables Acceleration due to Height (m) Mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s) Formula Mass x height x gravity (mgh) = GPE (Joules) **Formula will be provided during the test** Kinetic Energy Formula Variables Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Formula 1 2 2 x mass x 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = KE (Joules) **Formula will be provided during the test** Joules: ★ Definition of Joules: Energy exerted when a force of 1 Newton is applied over 1 meter of distance 2 1 𝑘𝑔 × 𝑚 ○ It could be known as 2 𝑠 ○ It would take 1 Joule of energy to push a cart weighing 1 Newton for 1 meter **This does not apply when it is pushed diagonally over the x AND y axis** Mechanical Energy: ★ Definition of Mechanical Energy: the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system ★ Formula: KE + GPE = ME ★ Formula: 𝑀𝐸1 = 𝑀𝐸 2 ★ Two objects with vastly different weights will hit the ground at the same time if dropped at the same height Work and Power: ★ Work definition: the energy transferred when a force is applied to an object and if the object moves a distance. If the object doesn’t move, no work is done. ★ Work formula: Force (Newton) x Displacement (m) = Work (Joules) ★ The faster the object is lifted up, the more power is needed to lift it up. ★ Power formula: the rate at which work is done 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 (𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠) ★ Power (watt) = 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠)
