Science Notes PDF

# Science ## Magnetic or Non-Magnetic? * Magnets only pull certain types of metals. * Other materials such as glass, plastic and wood are not attracted. **Instructions:** Which of the objects will the magnet attract? Choose the object and draw a line to the magnet. ### Afivah Science * Ecosyst...

# Science ## Magnetic or Non-Magnetic? * Magnets only pull certain types of metals. * Other materials such as glass, plastic and wood are not attracted. **Instructions:** Which of the objects will the magnet attract? Choose the object and draw a line to the magnet. ### Afivah Science * Ecosystem * Things, animals, area, habitat * Animals * A group that lives * Some monkey, elephants, bats. ## Recycling-Magnets * A great way to separate different metals. * Because magnets will attract metals and some won't. ## Industrial Machinery * There are special strong magnets that have them for picking up metals, cars and scrap. ## Scrap * A great way to clip the ends of magnetic clasps to together around your neck. * Jewelry - Some pieces have magnetic clasps. ## In a bowl of water, there are some objects at the bottom. Which of the objects will a magnet be able to get out from the water? * Paper (clip), Key (iron), Chalk (pin), Nail (iron), Stick (straw) * Science ## Magnets * Sara has a box, line and cotton wool. She wants to separate the objects. Can she use a magnet? * Why? Yes, because the pin is magnetic and the others are not. ## Sara's brother wants to try the same with: * A box * A magnet * Pins * A cloth ## Magnets are used to. * Compasses- magnets point to the north. * Sonic cans - powerful magnets are used. * Hospitals - in NMR and MRI. * Fridge magnets - they can be used to attract pictures to your fridge. * Furniture and household items - some cupboards and drawers use magnets to keep the door closed. * Microwave, speakers and fans are commonly found in your home. ## Magnetic and Non-Magnetic * Magnets attracts some materials. * Some do not get attracted, called non-magnetic. **Instructions:** Which items can they remove with a magnet? * Paper clips * Iron filings ## Like poles repel, unlike poles attract. **Instructions:** Write what will happen and show it with arrows * Opposite poles attract. * Similar poles repel. ## Static Electricity * **Before rubbing:** * The balloon does not attract anything. * **After rubbing:** * The balloon will attract the cloth which will create a detailed image of the atom. * The balloon is charged and the atom. ## Structure of an Atom * **Neutrons** - no charge. * **Protons** - positive charge. * **Electrons** - negative charge. * **Like charges repel, opposite charges attract.** ## Acceleration and Deceleration * **Acceleration** * When something gets faster and faster, you start heading and that's called acceleration. * **Deceleration** * Now, if you want to slow down or stop the bike you squeeze the brakes and the bike slows down, that's called deceleration. ## Static Electricity * **Static electricity** is the buildup of electrical charges in an object when it is rubbed against another object. * When they have opposite charges, they stick together. * The atom is a tiny block that makes up everything in the world. It's made up of neutrons, protons and electrons. The electrons spin around on the outside. ## Types of Motion * **Linear motion** - toy car, playground slide, bouncing balls, skateboard, bicycle. * **Around and around motion**- windmill blades, Ferris wheel, music box, spinning top, blender. * **Back and forth motion**- pendulum to swing in a clock, swings, handheld fans, windshield wipers, locking chair, yo-yo, elevator, see saw. ## Periodic Motion * **Definition**: A repeated movement of an object in a predictable pattern. * **Examples**: * Back and forth motion. * Up and down motion. * Round and around motion. ## Friction * **Definition**: The force that resists the motion of one surface in contact with another surfaces. * **Example**: * Driving a car down a ramp on different surfaces. | Surface | Distance | |---|---| | Wood | 4 feet | | Carpet | 3 feet | | Tile | 4.5 feet | | Grass | 2.5 feet | * **Friction** is the force that makes the car roll down the ramp. * **Gravity** is the force that makes the car slow down. * The smoother the surface, the less friction there will be. The rougher the surface, the more friction there will be. * **Friction** can be helpful or it can be a problem. **Examples:** * **Sliding** * **Rubbing** * **Bouncing** * **Driving a car** * **Pushing a box** * **Walking** ## Effects of Gravity * **Definition**: Gravity is the force that pulls all objects towards the centre of the Earth. * Gravity affects everything in the world! * Scientists use a lot of Sir Isaac Newton's ideas about gravity. * It's important to understand how gravity works so that we can build things that are safe and reliable. ## Balanced and Unbalanced Forces * **Balanced Forces:** More than one force can act on an object. If the forces are equal in size, are opposite in direction and have no change in motion, it is called a balanced force. * **Unbalanced Forces:** If forces are *not* equal, then the object will move in the direction of the force. **Examples:** * **A game of tag-of-war.** * **A football kicked into a direction.** * **Moving a bag in a wheelbarrow.** * **Drawing brakes on a bicycle.** ## Force * A force can be a push or a pull. * A force can make things move, change speed or change their shape. * **Examples of using force:** * Pushing a wheelbarrow. * Pulling a rope. ## Home work - Give at least 3 examples of how you use force at home. * Pushing a chair. * Pulling a door. * Pushing a bed.