Unit 3 Test Prep PDF - Woman's Right to Suffrage, Day of Affirmation

Here is the transcription of the provided document: # Unit 3 Test Prep Name: (Illegible) ## Selection 1 **"On Woman's Right to the Suffrage," Susan B. Anthony** The following passage is from a speech Susan B. Anthony, suffragette and advocate of civil rights for women, gave in 1873 after being...

Here is the transcription of the provided document: # Unit 3 Test Prep Name: (Illegible) ## Selection 1 **"On Woman's Right to the Suffrage," Susan B. Anthony** The following passage is from a speech Susan B. Anthony, suffragette and advocate of civil rights for women, gave in 1873 after being arrested for voting. She was given a fine of $100 but never paid it. In 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted women the right to vote. Read the passage. Then, answer the question(s). (1) FRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS:—I stand before you to-night under indictment for the alleged crime of having voted at the last presidential election, without having a lawful right to vote. It shall be my work this evening to prove to you that in thus voting, I not only committed no crime, but, instead, simply exercised my citizen's rights, guaranteed to me and all United States citizens by the National Constitution, beyond the power of any State to deny.... (2) It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people-women as well as men. And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government—the ballot. (3) For any State to make sex a qualification that must ever result in the disfranchisement of one entire half of the people is to pass a bill of attainder, or an *ex post facto* law, and is therefore a violation of the supreme law of the land. By it the blessings of liberty are for ever withheld from women and their female posterity. To them this government has no just powers derived from the consent of the governed. To them this government is not a democracy. It is not a republic. It is an odious aristocracy; a hateful oligarchy of sex; the most hateful aristocracy ever established on the face of the globe; an oligarchy of wealth, where the rich govern the poor. ## Selection 2 **from "Day of Affirmation" Address, Robert F. Kennedy, June 6, 1966** Robert F. Kennedy, the brother of President John F. Kennedy, served as the nation's attorney general and as a senator from New York. He gave the speech from which this excerpt is taken in South Africa in 1966. Read the passage. Then, answer the question(s). (1) It is a revolutionary world that we all live in. And thus as I have said in Latin America, and in Asia, and in Europe, and in my own country, the United States, it is the young people who must take the lead. Thus you and your young compatriots everywhere have had thrust upon you a greater burden of responsibility than any generation that has ever lived... (2) [The] road is strewn with many dangers. First is the danger of futility, the belief there is nothing one man or one woman can do against the enormous array of the world's ills, against misery, against ignorance, or injustice and violence. (3) Yet many of the world's great movements of thought and action have flowed from the work of a single man. A young monk began the Protestant reformation, a young general extended an empire from Macedonia to the borders of the earth, and a young woman reclaimed the territory of France. It was a young Italian explorer who discovered the New World¹, and 32-year-old Thomas Jefferson who proclaimed that all men are created equal. Give me a place to stand, said Archimedes², and I will move the world. These men moved the world, and so can we all. Few will have the greatness to bend history, but each of us can work to change a small portion of the events, and in the total, all of these acts will be written in the history of this generation.... (4) Each time a man stands up for an ideal, or acts to improve the lot of others, or strikes out against injustice, he sends forth a tiny of ripple of hope, and crossing each other from a million different centers of energy and daring, those ripples build a current which can sweep down the mightiest walls of oppression and resistance.... (5) And the third danger is timidity. Few men are willing to brave the disapproval of their fellows, the censure of their colleagues, the wrath of their society. Moral courage is a rarer commodity than bravery in battle or great intelligence. It is the one essential, vital quality for those who seek to change the world, which yields most painfully to change. (6) Aristotle³ tells us, at the Olympic Games, it is not the finest or the strongest men who are crowned but those who enter the lists. So too in the life of the honorable and the good, it is they who act rightly who win the prize. I believe that in this generation those with the courage to enter the conflict will find themselves with companions in every corner of the world. **Historical footnotes:** ¹ A young monk... who discovered the New World: Martin Luther (1483–1546) was a leader in the movement to split from the Catholic Church. Alexander the Great (356 BCE–323 BCE) created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Saint Joan of Arc (1412–1431) was considered a hero in France for leading French troops against the British in the Hundred Years' War. Christopher Columbus (c. 1451–1506) was an Italian explorer who crossed the Atlantic four times. ² Archimedes (c. 287 BCE–211 BCE) ancient Greek mathematician. ³ Aristotle (384 BCE–322 BCE) ancient Greek philosopher. ## Selection 3 **Vacant Lot and Worlds** The first poem, "Vacant Lot,” is a type of poem called a pantoum. The second poem, “Worlds,” is part of a longer work by poet and playwright Edgar Lee Masters. Read the poems. Then, answer the question(s). **Vacant Lot** ``` Bulldozers have passed their blades, returning the land to wild, Now armies of weeds entangle newly broken ground, Fists of broken brick, cinderblock splinters are foreign seed, Between them rises traveling life, tumbling until soil is found. As the armies of weeds entangle newly broken ground, From my window I witness the struggle for sun, light, life. Between bricks rises the first traveling life, tumbling on soil found. The tiny, quick leaves spread and carpet ground, now rife. From my window I witness the struggle for sun, light, life. The tallest with deep roots aspire to tower over all, While tiny, quick leaves spread and carpet ground, now rife. Weeds and trees elbow each other to heed the sun's call. Soon builders put down roots, aspire to tower over all. New stacks of building bricks, cinderblock pallets are foreign seed. Metal and concrete now elbow weeds to heed the sun's call. Bulldozers will pass their blades, returning the land to pavement. ``` **Worlds by Edgar Lee Masters** ``` I have known or seen all the worlds of this world, And some of the worlds of the world to come; And I say to you that every world lives to itself, And is known to itself alone, Though it moves among the other worlds of this world. And I saw that every soul is a world to itself.... ``` ## Selection 4 **Memoir** The author of this passage recalls how his perception of being cool changed over time. Read the passage. Then, answer the question(s). (1) What does being cool mean to you? I didn't speak more than a few words until I was four years old. Being a silent observer runs in my family, but it doesn't exactly make you cool. My father always said that while the person with the loudest mouth and the flashiest act might hold center stage for a while, the spotlight swings away soon enough because it has to find someone new. “Who cares if you're ahead for miles but collapse at the midpoint?" my father used to intone, “Slow and steady wins the race." (2) What is so fascinating about cool kids at school? Despite my father's wise words, I was awestruck by the flashy kids with the big mouths. From kindergarten to my teenage years, I sat in the back of the class, said little, rarely raised my hand, and watched the popular and outgoing kids chatting comfortably with each other. I, along with most of my classmates, longed to be like these chosen few. They had the best clothes and hair and their easy laughter was enticing. Slow and steady, but feeling left behind and boring, I did my schoolwork and watched on. (3) Who has an easy time during the teenage years? Many of us had difficulties. Others transformed from awkward ducklings into sport stars or witty sophisticates. I still lingered on the fringe of packs and cliques, wanting in, and feeling pretty awful. But I felt worse for the once-cool kids who lost their standing and pretended not to be bitter, as though they weren't obsessed with their loss. Slow and steady, I kept up with the pack, even if they didn't much notice me. (4) Where did we get the idea that being cool has an expiration date? Out of school, in the workplace, I finally became cool. I blossomed into myself while my once-cool classmates, who'd been chosen "most likely to succeed,” kept their high school friends, were afraid to take chances, and took dead-end jobs. I was still an observer, but now I had the confidence to participate, too. As an adult, success flowed easily, like the cool-kid banter I had long envied. As I looked around at my great job and new, "cool-to-me" friends, I realized popularity doesn't mean much when it comes to you easily and early. After years of slow and steady, I felt like I had won the race. ## Selection 5 **from an essay in the Literary History of Civil Rights** Read the following passage. Then, answer the question(s). The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s took place in churches, courtrooms, legislative houses, and yes, libraries. Readers were deeply affected by novels like *Native Son* and *Nat Turner's Rebellion*. Richard Wright's *Native Son* described one man's struggle to change his life and find a vocation. William Styron's novel *Nat Turner's Rebellion* provided insight into horrific events that had occurred a hundred years earlier. Readers who had once been disengaged from the struggle for freedom were called to participate in the movement after reading books like these. ## Selection 6 **Woody Guthrie** Read the following passage. Then, answer the question(s). (1) One of America's greatest folk musicians, Woody Guthrie personified the times in which he lived. He was born in 1912 in Okemah, Oklahoma, on the edge of the second frontier of hardscrabble American life. As a result of an oil boom in the mid-1920s, people with tough and lively personalities, hard-nosed gamblers, men who worked dirty jobs, and hustler types descended on the town. Here cowboys, bankers who speculated, people who ran ranches, and oilmen lived rough lives in a hard, flat, dusty landscape. Guthrie celebrated Oklahoma's colorful character, applauding its traditions of making music and picking fights, of preaching sermons and telling tales. (2) Eventually, Okemah's oil dried up. Drought and the Great Depression followed. For the first time in his life-though certainly not the last—Guthrie headed out on the road to California. He left behind his family in order to earn what few pennies he could. After being hired by a radio station in Los Angeles, Guthrie found success singing the songs his father and mother had taught him. For him, music was a language that he could use to communicate with anyone from any walk of life. Singing songs of our ordinary troubles, using words of our common language, judging the world by our common values, Woody became an American tradition. For the next thirty-five years, Woody Guthrie was folk music to Americans.