Alexander the Great's Conquest of Egypt PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by GoodLongBeach
Cairo University
Tags
Summary
This document provides a summary of Alexander the Great's military campaigns, particularly his invasion and subsequent rule in Egypt. It details the political and economic impacts of his conquests, including the monopolization of wheat trade by a Greek merchant in Egypt.
Full Transcript
# Police: The System of Government in Greece - The system of government in Greece is called "police", which means that the city-state with the strongest king is also the strongest in Greece. - The relationship between Egypt and Greece began indirectly due to trade relations. - Egyptians employed Gr...
# Police: The System of Government in Greece - The system of government in Greece is called "police", which means that the city-state with the strongest king is also the strongest in Greece. - The relationship between Egypt and Greece began indirectly due to trade relations. - Egyptians employed Greek mercenaries in their army, specifically during the 26th Dynasty. - Alexander's invasion of Egypt occurred during this time. ## Alexander the Great - Alexander was born in 356 BC. - He was the son of Philip II, the ruler of Macedonia, and his wife Olympias. ### Alexander's Father - When Alexander's father began his journey to become the king of Greece, Alexander’s mother, Olympias, began preparing him in advance. - She sent him to the teacher Aristotle to avoid having him far away. ## The Rise of Alexander - In 336 BC, Alexander's father was killed. - At the age of 20, Alexander took control of Greece. - Alexander's ambitions went beyond Greece. - He wanted to control and dominate the entire world. ### Alexander's Strategy - Alexander's goal was to control the world, and he learned this strategy from Aristotle: - **Control Egypt:** He recognized the need to control Egypt. - **Control Syria:** He recognized the need to control Syria. - **Control Persia:** He recognized the need to control Persia. ### Alexander's Conquest of Persia - In 333 BC, Alexander attacked the Persian Empire and defeated them. ### Alexander's Arrival in Egypt - In 332 BC, Alexander entered Egypt and settled in Saqqara (Memphis). - He consulted the Egyptian priests at the Temple of Amun in the Siwa Oasis on his way to the Nile. - When asked about his destiny if he were to conquer Persia, he received an affirmative answer. - He made a visit to the village of Rakitos, where across the Nile, he established the city of Alexandria. ### Alexander's Rule in Egypt - He granted Egyptians full freedom in all aspects of life, political, social, and religious, except for economic aspects. ### Alexander's Impact on Egyptian Trade - A Greek merchant named Cleomenes, a resident of Egypt, monopolized the wheat trade in both Egypt and the entire world. - This move prevented anyone else from selling wheat, making him the sole global supplier.
