Child Adolescent Development Notes PDF

Here is the converted text from the images provided: ### Page 1 DATE: NO: Children and adolescents are not short adults, they are qualitatively different. They have physical, psychological, and social needs. **CHILD DEVELOPMENT** Refers to biological and psychological changes that occur in huma...

Here is the converted text from the images provided: ### Page 1 DATE: NO: Children and adolescents are not short adults, they are qualitatively different. They have physical, psychological, and social needs. **CHILD DEVELOPMENT** Refers to biological and psychological changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence then through adulthood, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. **ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT** The WHO defines adolescents as those people between 10-19 years old. The great majority of adolescents are therefore, included in the age-based definition of "Child", adopted by the convention on the rights of the child, as a person under the age of 18 yrs. Adolescence education - adolescence struggle to define themselves and what they want to accomplish. They are answering the questions, "Who am I?". **GROWTH (quantitative)** refers to physical increase in the size of the body (height, weight, and etc.) * Thinking abilities and social skills. * Only one aspect of the larger process of development. **DEVELOPMENT (qualitative)** changes in physical and behavioral traits that emerge in orderly ways and last for a reasonable period of time. * Changes are progressive VECO ### Page 2 DATE: NO: Def of Child Adolescent UNESCO - United Nations Educational, scientific, and cultural organization. UNICEF - United Nations Children's Fund WHO-World Health Organization ### Page 3 DATE: NO: 2.) Middle Childhood (6-12 yrs old) learn physical skills for simple games 3.) Adolescence (13-18 yrs old) more mature relations wth others 4.) Early Adulthood (18-20 yrs old) settle down and begin family 5.) Middle Age (30-60 yrs old) - See clearly to his future. 6.) Later maturity (60 yrs old and over) needs to adjust to understand everything especially in death. Very open to talk about death, where they have plan and enjoying their life. **DOMAINS IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT** 1.) Physical - growing in size and strength. 2.) Cognitive - Intellectual and creativity 3.) Social emotional- understanding and control of emotions. **PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT** 1.) Prenatal Development - embryo 8 weeks 2.) Infancy and toddlerhood - 2 yrs old. 3.) Early childhood - preschool, 2-6 ages. 4.) Middle childhood- 6-11 yrs old / primary school 5.) Adolescence - 12-18 high school 6.) Early adulthood - 20-40 yrs old 7.) Middle adulthood - 40-65 8.) Late adulthood - 65 and older VECO ### Page 4 DATE: NO: **NATURE** what we think of as pre-wiring and influenced by genetic inheritance and biological factors. by people around us **NURTURE** taken as the influence of external after conception. The product of exposure and life experiences. * Influence by environmental Factor Two approaches to human development Traditional - believe that even in adulthood developmental change Life Span approach during childhood **CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENT** 1.) Develop is lifelong. It's not end in adulthood. 2.) It's plastic - is possible throughout the lifespan. 3.) Multidimensional - consist of biological, cognitive and socio-emotional dimensions. 4.) CONTEXTUAL - changing beings in a changing world 5.) Growth, Maintenance and Regulation. 3 goals of human. Develop. * Robert Havighurst- emphasized learning is basic and that it continues throughout life span. Growth and dey. occurs in 6 stages. 1.) Infancy and early childhood (birth 6yrs old) begins to learn and physical acts like walking, crawling VECO ### Page 5 NO: **Biological Beginnings** * The formation of a human life is far more complex than most of us are informed on. * Every child is born with a unique profile of heredity instructions that support his of her life, growth, human traits, and individually. * After Fertilization, individual has 46 and 25 pairs of chromosomes comprise a full genetic compliment. /23 determines sex * letter: girl = XX * Boy = XY * Cognitive and Neurological developments - refer to the development of the mind. Between birth and the age of 5yrs, babies and children's brains will undergo the most rapid changes. * Biological Factors - include genetic Influences, brain chemistry, hormone levels, Nutrition, and gender. Proper Nutrition - is a vital factor's in a child's overall development. Gender- can influence development in a variety of ways. **Factors affecting physical development** * Heredity - transmission of Physical characteristics From parents to Children though their genes. * Environment - also helps to prevent challenging behaviors and save as a core component of interventions for Infants and young children with identifi disabilitiesn * Sex * Exercise and Health * Hormones * Nutrition * Familial Influence * Geographical Influences ### Page 7 DATE: NO: 20th century Gesal's theory is known as maturational developmental Theory. **Types of Milestones -14 basic Categories** 1.) physical milestones - Invdue bath large motor skills and cine motor skills. The large motor skills are usually the First to develop & include sitting up, standing, crawling, and walking. 2.) Cognitive Milestones - centered on a child's ability to think, learn and solve problems. 3.) Social and Emotional Milestones - centerend on children gaining better understanding of their emotions 4.) Communication Milestones - language and non-verbal comm. 1 yr ala learn to say this First word. * PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT - growth and ability to use muscles For particular * BROWFENGRENNER- paradigm, widening spheres of influence that shape every individual, From his/her family to the neighborhood. * BIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEM a theory presents child dev. "Children need people in order to become a human" **BRONFEW BRENNERS BIOECOLOGICAL MODEL** 1.) The Microsystems - layer nearest the child. Immediate Environ. Εl. Family/ School 2.) The Mesosystem-layer between a or more microsystems such as what is learned at home witurally/Ex. workplace, mass media, city government) 3.) The Exosystem - develop that is out of their control. Indirect environment. 4.) the Macrosystem - Social and Cultural Values. Ex. cavid 19, Aids ceremonics 5.) Chronosystem - Changes over time. Ex: Family through a divorce / nation going to war VECO ### Page 8 DATE: NO: Bronfenbenners Theory - reminds the school and teacher of their very important rode. THE 5 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS - Ecological systems theory / environments thet uur lifespan that influence behavior in rocing degrees. These include the micro system, mesosystem, exosystem, macro system, and chronosystem.