Safety Exam PDF

Safety Exam Safety Rules.Wear safety goggles while in the chemistry lab.Wear proper clothing to provide protection from reagent spills.Use good housekeeping practices to ensure a safe workplace.Do only authorize experiments and work only when the laboratory instructor or another...

Safety Exam Safety Rules.Wear safety goggles while in the chemistry lab.Wear proper clothing to provide protection from reagent spills.Use good housekeeping practices to ensure a safe workplace.Do only authorize experiments and work only when the laboratory instructor or another qualified person is present. Treat all laboratory reagents as if they are poisonous and corrosive unless told otherwise. Dispense reagents carefully and dispose of laboratory reagents as directed. Do not eat drink use tobacco or apply cosmetics in the lab. Immediately report all incidents to the laboratory instructor. Be familiar with the location and use of all safety equipment in the lab. Become familiar with each laboratory assignment before coming to the lab Common hazards Never pipet by mouth Do not use chipped or cracked glassware as it may result in cuts, crack, or spills of content Obtain approval from your lab instructor before starting a distillation; make sure the apparatus is open; Do not heat a close apparatus because abrupt release of increased pressure may propel reagent or pieces of glass at persons; use a fresh boiling chip each time a liquid is boiled to avoid bumping as such a release can burn people; do not heat any distillation pot to dryness because the residue that remains may be heat sensitive and overheating can cause detonation and glassware that is superheated could crack; before heating a glass clamp the neck of a glass to support it in an elevated position to allow withdrawal of the heat source and rapid cooling Lubricate and clamp ground glass joints, so they will not freeze or spring open in use Do not point the open end of a container at anyone; abrupt formation of bubbles from boiling could propel the contents into a person‘s face Place heated glass and other hot objects on an appropriate surface such as wire gauze or ceramic pad until cooled; hot glass or metal may look like cooled, so touch cautiously before handling; Place a note nearby any hot objects remaining at the end of a lab so no one is endangered Use a fume hood when working with three agents whose vapors are harmful, except for a 1 0 small quantities heated by steam or a hot bath; heating of highly flammable organic 9 substance in open containers must be done in a hood; when using fume hood, position 8 apparatus well within the hood space, keeping your head outside the hood; flow of air 7 through hood must be adequate and obstructed; hood sash should be lowered, except when 6 making manipulations within the hood; Place within the hood only those items necessary for 5 the operation being performed; keep exhaust fan on as long as reagents remain within the hood 4 When testing odors of reagents, gently waft vapors from the container toward your nose, do 3 not directly sniff contents 2 Do not use open flames in the presence of flammable materials, especially organic solving 1  such as acetone, diethyl ether or petroleum ether; use of a flame less heat source diminish the danger of fire, Such heat source remain hot for quite some time after they turned off; overheated, sand bath, hot plates or heating wells can ignite fumes of volatile organic solvents Wear gloves when dispensing irritating reagents; this precaution is important for organic reagents, which can penetrate the skin; latex surgical gloves aren’t appropriate because they allow passage of many organic reagents; gloves should be inflated to check for breaks by whipping them through air; Do not check gloves by inflating by mouth Take special care when working with strong acids or strong basis; Contact with these materials can cause severe Chemical burns; prepare dilute acid by adding concentrated acid to a larger volume of water with stirring; water dissipates evolved heat and prevents localized boiling that could spew the contents from the container If you must insert glass tubing into stoppers, follow directions given by lab instructor Responses to incidents Report all incidents to the lab instructor ○ as defined in safety rule 8, an incident is any situation in the lab that might endanger those persons present ○ improper response may change a trivial difficulty into a hazardous situation ○ safety of persons in the lab is absolute priority over all other considerations ○ sequence of action to take in event of an incident: Alert others, Confine situation & Evacuate area ○ Consider the consequences of your actions Dispose of broken glass, as directed by your lab instructor ○ Use hairbrush and dust pan to collect pieces ○ do not attempt to gather sharp glass by hand ○ place broken glass in specifically designated receptacles ○ If mercury thermometer is broken step back from area and notified lab instructor ○ special hazard with mercury is not from contact with skin, but prolonged exposure to vapor For minor cuts and burns wash affected area with soap or detergent ○ Tissue damage from superficial burns will be minimal if affected area is cooled quickly & flushed with cold water ○ Notify lab instructor ○ when work is presumed, protect any break of the skin by wearing gloves In event of reagent spill, notify lab, instructor ○ concerns for hazards other than reagent itself such as danger of short electrical equipment may take precedence ○ spill of organic solvent may be a fire hazard ○ In such situations, Remove all ignition sources ○ If spill creates large amount of fumes, evacuate lab & stop experiment Many common solvents used in organic chemistry lab are highly flammable and a small fire may occur in the lab ○ do not react without thinking; immediate response to fire in lab is to take those actions  ○ that remove individuals from the hazard ○ move flammable materials away and turn equipment off or remove equipment from vicinity of fire ○ shut off gas spigot or burning element ○ place watch glass or beaker over small container to smother burning material ○ Some small fires, such as alcohol fires,may be allowed to burn out ○ if fire spreads to larger area, instructor or other authorized person should operate the fire extinguisher ○ should fire reach stage where it cannot be easily controlled, lab instructor will direct you to evacuate the lab & the building ○ Most distressing incidence in labs are those where individuals are on fire ○ Proper response can make the difference between loss of clothing or loss of life ○ If a person‘s lungs are seared from inhaling flames, there will be little chance for recovery ○ In severe situation, proper response to fire on individuals/ their clothing: Stop where you are, Drop to the floor & Roll to smother flames Ingestion or inhalation of reagent will likely require assistance of medical professionals ○ In such an event, immediately notify a lab instructor who will gather info for report ○ avoid inhalation of unsafe levels of irritating or toxic, vapors by following directions for lab reagent and by using reagents in fume hood ○ Especially avoid breathing the vapors from coordinated solvent, and aromatic compounds Immediately notify lab instructor if you or neighbor feels faint ○ a person who becomes unconscious from inhalation must be removed from source of fumes ○ Other than checking airway and treatment for shock, further treatment should be made by medical professional