SA 3.0 P.O 3.2.pptx

Notes NAGR02 GOAT AND SHEEP HUSBANDRY NTec in Agri-Industry Verified by: 1 Muhd Haikal H...

Notes NAGR02 GOAT AND SHEEP HUSBANDRY NTec in Agri-Industry Verified by: 1 Muhd Haikal Hakim Bin Haji Latip Programme Leader for Agrotechnology Programme School of Agro-Technology and Applied Sciences IBTE Agrotechnology Campus Hajah Nurul Ain Bte Haji Sabli Goat and sheep Husbandry Made by Hjh Nurul Ain Bte Awg Haji Sabli 2 Dr Liew Shin Min Skill Area & Performance objectives 3 Skill area 3.0 Provide feed and drinking water to goat and sheep Performance objectives : 3.2 Perform feed preparation and management Enabaling objectives : 1. Recognise the digestive system of goat and sheep and its functions 1. Rumen 2. Reticulum 3. Abomasum 4. Omasum 2. Identify types of feeds 3. Describe concentrates and roughages feeding requirements of goat and sheep based 4. Perform feeding of goat and sheep according to the feeding schedule What is a ruminant animal? 4 A grazing animal that has a digestives system with 1 stomach containing 4 parts. No upper incisors (teeth) called a dental pad. Chews cud (soft mass of already chewed food) that is brought back up through the esophagus. All ruminants are herbivores, meaning they only eat plant matter. Can you identify animals that are ruminants?  5 Animals Ruminants or Non - Ruminants Cow Horse Pig Tiger Giraffe Elephant Deer Water buffalo How about rumination? 6 How about rumination? 7 The process of regurgitating food to be chewed What is a ruminant animal? 8 Dr Liew Shin Min Pathway of food through digestive system 9 Mouth Omasum Abomasum Esophagus Reticulum Small intestine cecu m Back to mouth Large Rumen (chewing of intestine cud) Getting started? 10 1. Using their prehensile organs (lips & tongue) the animal take food into its mouth where it is then broken down using the teeth. 2. After the food is broken down into smaller particles it is swallowed and passes through the esophagus using muscle contractions known as peristalsis 3. The largest compartment of the ruminant stomach is the rumen. This is where the food that the animal has been taken is mostly fermented and it also consists of the bacteria, protozoa, fungi that aids in the breaking down of food. 4. Microbes in the rumen are what break up the plant matter and convert it to energy that the animal can use. 5. Fermentation also produces large amount of gas. Chewing cud 11 1. Food that is stored in the rumen is regurgitated back up through esophagus to be re-chewed in the mouth. This is known as ‘chewing cud’. Food can be re-chewed more than one time. 2. The food that is regurgitated back into the mouth knows as bolus. 3. Once the food has been broken down enough it will then move onto the next step in the digestion process of being swallowed, moved through the esophagus then back into the rumen. The reticulum 12 4. Once food is broken down small enough it will travel from the rumen to the reticulum. The reticulum is the honeycomb shaped on the inside and is vary tough. The reticulum can trap foreign objects that should not have been eaten in the first place such as hardware. The Omasum 13 5. The food enters the omasum after leaving the reticulum. The omasum acts as a filter to absorb water and nutrients from what has not been digested yet. The abomasum 14 6. Once leaving the omasum the rest of the plant matter will enter the abomasum. The abomasum is also known as the true stomach. In the abomasum gastric juices, hydrochloric acid, and digestive enzymes break plant matter down into its most basic molecular components so that the walls of the intestines can absorb them. Small intestine 15 6. From the abomasum, the plant matter will then travel to the small intestine. Here it is exposed to enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal walls, and bile from the liver. Dietary protein, starch, sugars and fats are all completely digested here to enter the bloodstream. Large intestine 16 Following the small intestine any remaining plant matter will pass into the large intestine. This is the second site of fermentation (after the rumen) where excess water is reabsorbed. The large intestine is the final site of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and will hold feces until it is expelled through the anus. Pathway of food through digestive system 17 Mouth D E This process only happened in ______ A C F animal. (I) Is also known as true stomach ________ Back to (J) mouth B G (chewing of cud) This process is known as _____________.(H) Rumination process: 18  G B H A C F D E I J K L