St. Stephen's College Form 3 Integrated Humanities Chinese Political System PDF

St. Stephen’s College Form Three: Integrated Humanities Topic 1: Chinese political system Name: __________________ Class: _____ ( ) Date: _________________ Marks: ____/ 80 A. Functions and powers of main state organs 1. The National People’s C...

St. Stephen’s College Form Three: Integrated Humanities Topic 1: Chinese political system Name: __________________ Class: _____ ( ) Date: _________________ Marks: ____/ 80 A. Functions and powers of main state organs 1. The National People’s Congress (NPC) - The highest organ of state power - Term of office: Five years - Method of composition: o The deputies are elected from provinces , autonomous regions, municipalities, army and special administrative regions all over the country by indirect election. o The quota of delegation is mainly based on the ratios of the population of various regions. - The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress will exercise functions and powers of the NPC when it is not in session. 2. The President - Xi Jinping is the current President of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) - He is elected by the National People’s Congress. - Term of office: Five years 3. State Council - Also called the Central People’s Government - The executive body of the highest organ of state power - The highest organ of state administration. - Term of office: Five years 4. Judicial organs - People’s courts o The Supreme People’s Court is the highest judicial organ in China.  Examining and approving death penalty cases  Providing judicial interpretation on how to apply specific laws - People’s procuratorates o State organs for legal supervision B. Communist Party of China (CPC) - Founded in 1921 - Implement decision from the top down to the grass roots - Principle of the CPC: four subordinates under democratic centralism - The National Congress o the top leadership organ of the CPC o Held once every five years o Decide on major issues of the Party o Elect members of the Central Committee - The Central Committee o carries out the decisions of the National Congress and directs the entire work of the party when the National Congress is not in session o Elect members of the Political Bureau, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau, the Central Military Commission and the General Secretary of the Central Committee. - Political Bureau and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau o Exercise the functions and powers of the Central Committee when it is not in session o The core of power of the CPC o There are seven members in the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau - Central Commission for Discipline Inspection o Maintain the constitution and discipline of the Party o Supervise the organisations and members of the Party o Promote anti-corruption work o Punish members of the party who commit corruption C. Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) - Set up by the CPC to unite people from circles and sectors all over the country - Practice the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation - Term of office: Five years - Major functions: o Political consultation  Make pre-decision consultation on general national and local principles and on important issues o Democratic supervision  Making proposals and criticisms of the work carried out by state organs o Participation in and deliberation of state affairs  Participate in discussion of important principles and affairs of the state Matching Names Position in state Position in the Party organ/consultatve organ (1) Xi Jinping a) The Chairman of the d) The General Secretary of National People’s the Central Committee Congress e) Member of the Standing b) The Premier of the State Committee of the Political (2) Li Qiang Council Bureau c) The President of the PRC f) Chairman of the Central Military Commission (3) Zhao Leji (1) c, d,e,f (2) b,e (3) a,e @1 Mark Total: 8 marks Multiple Choice: Circle the letter of the correct answer 1. Which of the following are NOT the major duty covering internal affairs of the President? A. To declare states of emergency B. To grant state medals and titles of honour C. To proclaim a state of war and issue mobilisation orders D. To appoint or recall representatives abroad 2. Which of the following are the duties of the NPC? (i) To elect or appoint based on nomination or remove members of the state bodies and organisations (ii) To amend the Constitution and oversee its enforcement (iii) To supervise the work of the State Council, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate (iv) To enact and amend laws of the state A. (i),(iii) B. (ii),(iv) C. (i),(ii),(iii) D. (i),(ii),(iii),(iv) 3. Which of the following are the functions of the Supreme People's Court? (i) To formulate and issue administrative rules and regulations (ii) To trial the wrong judgement made by a subordinate court (iii) To handle civil disputes and mild criminal cases that do not need to open a court session for judgement (iv) To examine and approve death penalty cases A. (i),(iii) B. (ii),(iv) C. (i),(ii),(iii) D. (i),(ii),(iii),(iv) 4. The organising principle of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is four ‘subordinates’ democratic centralism. Which of the following is not included? A. The minority is subordinate to the majority. B. Individuals are subordinate to the organisation. C. People are subordinate to the leadership of the Party. D. Lower Party organisations are subordinate to the higher Party organisations. 5. Which of the following is an existing democratic party in China? A. Jiusan Society B. Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong C. Kuomintang D. Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions 6. Which of the following descriptions of the CPPCC are correct? A. The CPPCC holds sessions in October every year B. The CPPCC holds two sessions every year, which is called the ‘double sessions’ C. The members of the CPPCC cannot attend the NPC session D. The term of office of the deputies to the CPPCC is five years 7. Which of the following sectors is not included in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)? A. Eight democratic parties B. Religious figures C. Deputies of international organisations D. People from Hong Kong and Macao, and returned overseas Chinese Short Questions 1. Suggest and explain a similarity and a difference between the functions of National People’s Congress and the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. (4 marks) Both the Hong Kong Legislative Council (LegCo) and the National People’s Congress (NPC) can amend and enact law. The Hong Kong LegCo can amend and pass laws in Hong Kong while the NPC can amend the enact laws of the mainland China. OR Both the Hong Kong LegCo and the NPC have to supervise the work of the government. The NPC has to supervise the work of the State Council while the Hong Kong LegCo can also raise questions on the work of the government. However, the National People’s Congress can amend the Constitution and oversee its enforcement, while the Hong Kong Legislative Council has no right to amend the Basic Law, in Hong Kong. OR However, the NPC has to supervise the work the Supreme People’s Court, while the LegCo cannot supervise the work of the judiciary as the it is independent in Hong Kong. OR However, the NPC can elect and appoint based on nomination or remove members of the state bodies and organisations, like the President of the PRC. The LegCo cannot elect the Chief Executive of Hong Kong. It is elected by the Election Committee. (Any reasonable answer: students are required to explain what the LegCo does and what the NPC does.) 2. State and explain three major functions of CPPCC? (6 marks) The first function is political consultation. The CPPCC can make pre-decision consultation on general national and local principles and policies on important issues. The second function is democratic supervision. The CPPCC can make proposals and criticisms of the work carried out by the state organs. The third function is participation in and deliberation of state affairs. The CPPCC can put forward proposals to the CPC and state organs through study reports or proposals. 3. Suggest TWO channels for people’s supervision of the government. For each channel, explain whether it is effective. (6 marks) The Internet is an effective channel for people to supervise the work of the government. Chinese citizens can learn the news and information of the government from the online news broadcast industry. People can also voice their opinions on different social affairs through online social media like Weibo no matter they agree or not with the affairs or policies. The news media is not an effective channel for people to supervise the work of the government. In Mainland China, the major TV channel is CCTV, the major news agencies are Xinhua or People’s Daily. They are regarded as the official channels of the government. It is worried that only news or information favourable to the government will be reported through these channels. The CPPCC is an effective channel for people to supervise the work of the government. The CPPCC is made up of people from all walks of life. In other words, there are representatives from different circles. These representatives can help their people to voice out their opinions in the CPPCC session and to ensure their rights are protected by the government.