Indian Heritage & Culture PDF 2025

19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Indian Knowledge System – Meaning & the Framework Dr. Vittal Rangan S 2025 1 India...

19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Indian Knowledge System – Meaning & the Framework Dr. Vittal Rangan S 2025 1 Indian Heritage & Culture What is Ancient Indian Knowledge Vittal S/ IIM BG 2 2 1  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge ANCIENT: India is a nation with 5000+ yrs of recorded history, archeological & cultural artifacts; Knowl. assets available in all Indian languages, dialects & geographical regions. Time dimension: Knowl has been continuously synthesized from time immemorial. INDIAN: It is the indigenous source of knowledge generated by the Indian society; Current India is recent. Original Indian context is Akhanda-Bharata. Has common cultural, literary & social practices. Exchange of ideas among people. Knowledge synthesized, codified and made available by ‘Indians’ is only considered. Several foreign scholars who visited Indian Universities, who wrote about India are not included. Vittal S/ IIM BG 3 3 Indian Heritage & Culture Himalayas Afghanistan Burma Indian Ocean India at the time of IKS was Akhand Bharat Vittal S/ IIM BG 4 4 2  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge Explicit Knowledge Tacit / Implicit Knowledge Knowledge that is Not in written form often. expressed & recorded. Subjective, experiential, Can be easily Cognitive. transmitted. Difficult to transfer easily. e.g. SOPs, Policy Manual Often requires face-to- face interaction. Tacit knowledge “by the seeker” is transmitted systematically as explicit knowledge; Vittal S/ IIM BG 5 5 Indian Knowledge System What is Ancient + Indian + Knowledge + System Content – HR Planning Indian Knowledge pervades in 3 domains Spiritual Religious Social (Secular) Knowledge Knowledge Day-to-day issues e.g. e.g. e.g. Mindfulness Ramayana, Daily routine, Meditation, Mahabharata Sleep, Water Yoga Dr. Vinita S Sahay 6 6 3  19-01-2025 Indian Knowledge System What is Ancient + Indian + Knowledge + System Content – HR Planning SYSTEM is structured methodology to classify IKS for IKS of IKS of IKS of Science Technology & Math Social Engineering Sciences STEM Subjects Dr. Vinita S Sahay 7 7 Indian Knowledge System IKS - STEM Subjects (IITs) IKS – STEM Subjects IKS of IKS of IKS of Science Technology & Engineering Maths Mining & Ore Dyes & Painting Technology: Indian Number extraction (e.g. Ajanta Paintings) System: Metal workings Surgical Techniques: e.g. (Gold extraction; (e.g. Bamboo for fracture) Concept of Zero Zinc Production, Value of 𝜋 Copper Extraction: Ship Building by the Chola Kings e.g. Bronze idols) Iron & Steel (e.g. Delhi Iron Pillar) Dr. Vinita S Sahay 8 8 4  19-01-2025 Indian Knowledge System IKS – Social & Management Sciences (IIM Bodh Gaya) IKS – Social Sciences IKS of IKS of IKS of IKS of Health Wellness Psychology Governance & Physical Health – Psychological Indian Approach Public Admn Ayurveda: Health: Yoga Way to Psychology: Arthasastra – of Life Governance Tri-doshas Human (e.g. aspects of (Vatha, Pitha, Meditation Construct (Sat secrecy, foreign Kapha), -Chit-Anand) policy) Physical Dhatus (Rakta, Exercises Tri-Gunas Importance of Mamsa, Asthi), (Tamas, Rajas, urban Life Goals & Satva) development Daily Regimen of World-view (e.g. Chennai Wellness (food, 6 Pancha-Kosa floods vs types of sleep). (Annamaya, Chandigarh Pranamaya…) organized city) Dr. Vinita S Sahay 9 9 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge – Classification System Based on completeness, compactness and inter-connectedness, a Framework to learn IKS – the Indian Knowledge is arrived as below. Indian Knowledge Literary Non Literary Sanatana Other Dharmic Regional Oral Traditions Dharma Traditions Wealth of Art forms 14 Vidyasthana Buddhist literature in Health Works of several religious Jain all major Food and leaders & philosophers Indian Life practices 1. Basic & Applied Sciences Languages Folklore 2. Engineering, Technology, 3. Aesthetics, Arts 4. Psychology, Social Sciences 5. Public Administration Vittal S/ IIM BG 10 10 5  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge – Classification System Based on completeness, compactness and inter-connectedness, a Framework to learn IKS – the Indian Knowledge is arrived as below. Indian Knowledge Literary Non Literary Sanatana Other Dharmic Regional Oral Traditions Dharma Traditions Wealth of Art forms 14 Vidyasthana Buddhist literature in Health Works of several religious Jain all major Food and leaders & philosophers Indian Life practices 1. Basic & Applied Sciences Languages Folklore 2. Engineering, Technology, 3. Aesthetics, Arts 4. Psychology, Social Sciences 5. Public Administration Vittal S/ IIM BG 11 11 Indian Heritage & Culture Sanathana Dharma Core Literature Other Literature Vast Repository of Knowledge Included works that addressed day-to-day life issues such as Starts with Vedas (also called, Sruti); health, science, engineering, technology; Even now transmitted through oral methods Acknowledged Vedas as their core. Later documented in written form; For example: Aryabhata Many subsequent literary works extracted recognizes discussions of Maths their higher assumptions & principles from in Vedas and refers to 4 yugas Vedas. (Satya, Threta, Dwapara, Kali) e.g. Six schools of philosophical thoughts called Darsanas Vittal S/ IIM BG 12 12 6  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge – Classification System Based on completeness, compactness and inter-connectedness, a Framework to learn IKS – the Indian Knowledge is arrived as below. Indian Knowledge Literary Non Literary Sanatana Other Dharmic Regional Oral Traditions Dharma Traditions Wealth of Art forms 14 Vidyasthana Buddhist literature in Health Works of several religious Jain all major Food and leaders & philosophers Indian Life practices 1. Basic & Applied Sciences Languages Folklore 2. Engineering, Technology, 3. Aesthetics, Arts 4. Psychology, Social Sciences 5. Public Administration Vittal S/ IIM BG 13 13 Indian Heritage & Culture Other Dharmic Traditions Other Dharmic traditions have stayed out of Vedic Framework. Used Sanskrit as medium. But has contributed to Indian Knowledge, since 500 BCE. Other Dharmic Traditions Buddhist Jain Several Buddhist texts discusses Jains considered mathematics as mathematical concepts, maritime an integral part & dedicated a engineering. portion of their texts to maths; E.g. works of Nagarjuna, Rasa ratnakara E.g. Ganita-sara-sangraha (850 in 1st century CE CE) Anu-yoga-dvaara-sutra: popular text Buddhist & Jain traditions have made an imp contribution to development of Maths in India Vittal S/ IIM BG 14 14 7  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge – Classification System Based on completeness, compactness and inter-connectedness, a Framework to learn IKS – the Indian Knowledge is arrived as below. Indian Knowledge Literary Non Literary Sanatana Other Dharmic Regional Oral Traditions Dharma Traditions Wealth of Art forms 14 Vidyasthana Buddhist literature in Health Works of several religious Jain all major Food and leaders & philosophers Indian Life practices 1. Basic & Applied Sciences Languages Folklore 2. Engineering, Technology, 3. Aesthetics, Arts 4. Psychology, Social Sciences 5. Public Administration Vittal S/ IIM BG 15 15 Indian Heritage & Culture Regional Literature The 8th schedule of Indian Constitution has listed 22 languages of India; In each language, there is huge corpus of sacred and other literature. Expressed: as such from Sanskrit or extrapolated with more ideas. In essence, follows, Sanatana-Dharmic literature. Vast nature: makes it difficult to draw substantially in our course. Vittal S/ IIM BG 16 16 8  19-01-2025 Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian Knowledge – Classification System Based on completeness, compactness and inter-connectedness, a Framework to learn IKS – the Indian Knowledge is arrived as below. Indian Knowledge Literary Non Literary Sanatana Other Dharmic Regional Oral Traditions Dharma Traditions Wealth of Art forms 14 Vidyasthana Buddhist literature in Health Works of several religious Jain all major Food and leaders & philosophers Indian Life practices 1. Basic & Applied Sciences Languages Folklore 2. Engineering, Technology, 3. Aesthetics, Arts 4. Psychology, Social Sciences 5. Public Administration Vittal S/ IIM BG 17 17 Indian Heritage & Culture Oral Traditions Have been largely in the form of: 1. Folklore /Traditional stories (e.g. folktales like Panchatantra) 2. Artistic endeavours (e.g. music and dance) 3. Skill based jobs (e.g. sculpting) 4. Food and life practices (e.g. statewise foods) 5. Health practices (e.g. Ayurvedic oil massage, mud bath) In total, 64 kalas referred in Indian Knowledge are skill and art based. Vittal S/ IIM BG 18 18 9  19-01-2025 Thank You Question & Answers [email protected] 19 10