Cold War Crises Past Paper PDF 2023-2024

Paper 2 - Cold War crises question Sometimes, a Paper 2 question will ask you to analyze 2 crises of the Cold War. The question will usually ask you to pick 2 crises, each from a different region of the world. In this unit, we discuss Cold War crises in Europe and Asia. The question will usually h...

Paper 2 - Cold War crises question Sometimes, a Paper 2 question will ask you to analyze 2 crises of the Cold War. The question will usually ask you to pick 2 crises, each from a different region of the world. In this unit, we discuss Cold War crises in Europe and Asia. The question will usually have a second parameter such as: ​ -What was their impact on superpower rivalry? ​ -What was the role of ideology in these crises? ​ -What were the causes or impacts of these crises? ​ -Compare and contrast the two crises. In order to do well on this question you should aim to become an expert in two or more of the crises we learn about. Below are some Cold War crises by region. Use the organizers provided to help you become an expert on the chosen crises. Region Crisis Europe Hungarian Revolution (1956) Berlin Ultimatum (1958-1961) U-2 incident (1960) Asia Korean War (1950-1953) Taiwan Straits (1954-1955) Vietnam War (1955-1975) Name of crisis: Berlin Ultimatum Who was involved? When did it happen? (e.g. key leaders) (include important dates and time ranges) Nikita Khrushchev - USSR Leader November 27, 1958 - September 1959 Dwight Eisenhower - USA Leader Where did it happen? Ultimatum was made in russia towards the USA and other western powers in regards to Berlin What happened? (give a summary of events) In November of 1958, Krushchev made an ultimatum demanding that before 6 months the western powers (USA, Britain, France) leave berlin because refugees were escaping east berlin for the west, or he would cut off communications. The pressure into reunifying berlin was what Krushchev wanted but after the 6 month deadline, Krushchev withdrew the ultimatum, formally ending it in September of 1959. Why did it happen? (explain the causes) Krushchev didn’t like that people living in east berlin were leaving for the west. He wanted to reunify berlin with an international demilitarized zone. How did it impact the United How did it impact the Soviet How did it impact a States? (explain the effects) Union? (explain the effects) country/countries other than the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.? How did it affect the rivalry or relationship between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.? Name of crisis: Taiwan Straits Crisis Who was involved? When did it happen? (e.g. key leaders) (include important dates and time ranges) Jiang Jieshi - Taiwan Leader 1954 ~ 1957 Mao Zedong - China Leader Dwight Eisenhower - USA Leader Where did it happen? The islands of Kinmen and Matsu What happened? (give a summary of events) The Taiwanese leader Jiang Jieshi placed troops on the islands of Kinmen and Matsu most likely to show the military power that Taiwan had. Mao Zedong, leader of China, didn’t like the show of aggression from Taiwan. Mao then started shelling or firing artillery towards the island. The US signed a defensive agreement with the Republic of China (Taiwan). After, another military conflict emerged in the Tachen islands between the People’s Republic of China (China) and the ROC where US president Dwight Eisenhower threatened to use nuclear weaponry, which led to the Chinese backing off. In 1957, again in Kinmen and Matsu the US placed troops and navy on alert in the pacific before a ceasefire was announced. Why did it happen? (explain the causes) One of the main causes of the Taiwan Straits Crisis was the fact that Jiang Jieshi placed troops on Kinmen and Matsu. This led to Mao shelling the islands and the US intervention. How did it impact the United How did it impact the Soviet How did it impact a States? Union country/countries other than the The crisis had made the USA The result after was that the Soviet U.S. and the U.S.S.R.? make a defensive agreement (two Union had a worse relationship Taiwan - 2 chinas pact made ROC chinas pact) with the ROC. But with China due to the USA have defensive backing from USA also didn’t support the invasion of threatening with nukes but also couldn’t invade PRC. ​ the mainland China - Lost some support from USSR but no casualties were recorded.  How did it affect the rivalry or relationship between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.? Nothing changed between the rivalry of the US and USSR. Essay prompt: Compare and Contrast the Taiwan Straits Crisis and the Berlin Ultimatum. Intro - State the different comparisons and what can be contrasted Body 1 - Compare and Contrast Body 2 - Compare and Contrast Body 3 - Compare and Contrast Conclusion