Roman Architecture PDF

 The Cloaca Maxima (Latin: Cloaca Maxima) lit. Greatest Sewer) was one of the world's earliest sewage systems. Constructed in Ancient Rome in order to drain local marshes and remove the waste of one of the world's most populous cities, it carried effluent to the Riv...

 The Cloaca Maxima (Latin: Cloaca Maxima) lit. Greatest Sewer) was one of the world's earliest sewage systems. Constructed in Ancient Rome in order to drain local marshes and remove the waste of one of the world's most populous cities, it carried effluent to the River Tiber, which ran beside the city. VIA APPIA Appian Way, Latin Via Appia, the first and most famous of the ancient Roman roads, running from Rome to Campania and southern Italy. 1. TRENCH 2. BOULDERS 3. SAND 4. GRAVEL 5. THICK PAVING STONES I. AUGUSTUS 63 BC –AD 14) POZZOLANA Pozzolana, also spelled pozzuolana, or pozzolan, hydraulic cement discovered by the Romans and still used in some countries, made by grinding pozzolana (a type of slag that may be either natural—i.e., volcanic—or artificial, from a blast furnace) with powdered hydrated lime. 11 AQUEDUCTS 1. AQUA CLAUDIA AND ANIO NOVUS A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. CLAUDIUS D. TRAJAN 1. AQUA CLAUDIA AND ANIO NOVUS A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. CLAUDIUS D. TRAJAN II. CLAUDIUS AD 41 to 54 1. Aqua Claudia The total length was approximately 69 kilometres (43 mi), most of which was underground. The flow was about 190,000 cubic metres (6,700,000 cu ft) in 24 hours 1. Anio Novus Roman Arches Roman Arches Constructed from wooden framework. Roman Arches KEYSTONE = EQUAL LOAD DISTRIBUTION Roman Arches ALLOWING PILE OF BLOCKS BUILT ABOVE IT. 2. DOMUS AUREA “GOLDEN HOUSE” A. NERO B. HADRIAN C. TITUS D. CARACALLA 2. DOMUS AUREA “GOLDEN HOUSE” A. NERO B. HADRIAN C. TITUS D. CARACALLA III. NERO 54 AD to 68 AD Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped palace built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city and the aristocratic villas on the Palatine Hill. IV. VESPASIAN 69 AD to 79 AD THEATERS and AMPHITHEATERS Gladiators trained to fight each other at organized contests For the entertainment of the townspeople The Colosseum, Rome IV. TITUS 79 AD to 81 AD 3. ROMAN FORUM - LARGEST A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. VESPASIAN D. TRAJAN 3. ROMAN FORUM A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. VESPASIAN D. TRAJAN V. TRAJAN 98 AD to 114 AD TRAJAN’S FORUM 4. VALLUM WALL – ROMAN WALL A. NERO B. HADRIAN C. TITUS D. CARACALLA 4. VALLUM WALL – ROMAN WALL A. NERO B. HADRIAN C. TITUS D. CARACALLA VI. HADRIAN 117 AD to 138 AD Hadrian's Wall, also known as the Roman Wall, Picts' Wall, or Vallum Hadriani in Latin, is a former defensive fortification of the Roman province of Britannia, begun in AD 122 in the reign of the emperor Hadrian. 5. THERMAE – ROMAN BATHS (LARGEST) A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. CLAUDIUS D. TRAJAN 5. THERMAE – ROMAN BATHS (LARGEST) A. CARACALLA B. HADRIAN C. CLAUDIUS D. TRAJAN VII. CARACALLA 211 AD to 217 AD