Electromagnetic Spectrum PDF

Electromagnetic Spectrum Presenter: Rhona Jhen J. Sabanal BSED-SCI 3 WHAT IS ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM? is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavele...

Electromagnetic Spectrum Presenter: Rhona Jhen J. Sabanal BSED-SCI 3 WHAT IS ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM? is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. It includes a broad range of waves, from very long radio waves to very short gamma rays. Wavelength is the distance between identical points in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal, and is usually measured in meters (m). It can also be measured in centimeters (cm) or millimeters (mm), and nanometers (nm). Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum. have frequencies ranging from 3 kHz to 300 GHz and wavelengths ranging from thousands of meters to 30 cm Applications: ❑ AM and FM radio broadcasting ❑ TV broadcasting ❑ Cell phone signals ❑ Two-way radios ❑ Radar systems for navigation, weather forecasting, and air traffic control AM and FM radio broadcasting AM and FM radio broadcasting provide audio entertainment and information dissemination to the public. TV broadcasting TV broadcasting delivers television programs and content to viewers' homes and devices. Cell phone signals Cell phone signals enable wireless communication between mobile devices and cellular networks.  Two-way radios Two-way radios, also known as walkie- talkies, are handheld devices that facilitate communication between individuals or groups over short distances, commonly used in industries like construction and public safety.  Radar systems Radar systems, or Radio Detection and Ranging systems, utilize radio waves for various purposes such as navigation for ships and aircraft, weather forecasting, and air traffic control to ensure safe and efficient aviation operations. Microwave is a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from about one millimeter to one meter, and frequencies between 300 MHz and 300 GHz. between radio waves and infrared radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. Applications: ❑Microwave ovens for cooking food by causing water molecules in the food to vibrate, generating heat ❑Satellite communication ❑Cellular networks ❑Wi-Fi technology Microwave ovens Utilize microwaves to cook food efficiently by agitating water molecules within the food, producing heat rapidly and evenly. Satellite communication Satellite communication relies on microwaves for transmitting signals between ground stations and satellites orbiting the Earth, enabling long-distance communication for broadcasting, telecommunication, and data transfer. Cellular networks Cellular networks use microwaves for transmitting voice and data signals between cell towers and mobile devices, providing mobile phone services to users across wide areas. Wi-Fi technology Wi-Fi technology relies on microwaves for local wireless internet connectivity, allowing devices to connect to the internet and communicate with each other within a limited range without the need for physical cables.  Additionally, microwaves are utilized in various industrial applications such as drying materials, heating in microwave- assisted chemistry, and sterilization processes in healthcare settings. Infrared (IR) Radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 760 nm and 1000 μm. has the same optical properties as visible light, including reflection, refraction, and interference patterns. Applications: ❑ Remote controls for electronics ❑ Thermal imaging cameras for night vision and heat detection ❑ Household appliances like motion sensors and temperature sensors Remote controls for electronics Use infrared radiation to wirelessly operate devices like TVs and DVD players. Thermal imaging cameras Thermal imaging cameras capture infrared radiation to create images for night vision and heat detection.  Household Appliances (like motion sensors and temperature sensors) Motion sensors Temperature sensors Appliances that utilize infrared radiation for motion detection (e.g., turning on lights when someone enters a room) and temperature measurement (e.g., regulating room temperature in HVAC systems). Visible light is a type of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. a form of electromagnetic radio waves that lies between UV and infrared radiation. The human eye can detect wavelengths from 380 to 700 nanometers. Applications: ❑Illumination ❑Photography ❑Color vision ❑Lighting technologies such as incandescent bulbs, fluorescent lights, and LEDs ❑Fiber optic communication systems for transmitting data over long distances  Illumination Providing light to make objects visible, often achieved through various sources like lamps, ceiling lights, or natural sunlight. Photography Capturing images using cameras or other devices, where light plays a crucial role in the creation of images. Color vision The ability of humans and some animals to perceive and distinguish between different colors, facilitated by light interacting with specialized receptors in the eyes. Lighting technologies Various methods of producing light for illumination, including traditional options like incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lights, as well as newer technologies such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes). Fiber Optic Communication Systems Transmitting data over long distances using thin strands of glass or plastic fibers that carry light signals, enabling high-speed and high-capacity communication networks.  Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a type of non-ionizing radiation that comes from the sun and artificial sources. an electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths of 10–400 nanometers, shorter than visible light, but longer than X-rays Applications: ❑Sterilization processes such as water purification and disinfection of surfaces and air ❑Tanning beds for artificial tanning ❑Industrial processes like curing of inks and adhesives Sterilization Processes Methods used to eliminate harmful microorganisms from water, surfaces, and air, crucial for ensuring safety in healthcare, food production, and sanitation. Tanning beds for artificial tanning Devices that emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation to darken the skin artificially, often used for cosmetic purposes or to prepare the skin for sun exposure. Industrial Processes (like curing of inks and adhesives) Utilizing ultraviolet (UV) radiation to initiate chemical reactions that harden or cure materials like inks and adhesives, speeding up production and improving product quality.  X-ray also known as radiography, is a type of electromagnetic radiation that creates images of the inside of the body. similar to radio waves, microwaves, visible light, and gamma rays. they are produced by electrons outside the nucleus of an atom and are highly energetic. Applications: ❑Medical imaging to visualize internal structures of the body, detect fractures, and diagnose diseases ❑Security screening at airports ❑Industrial applications for inspecting materials and structures  Medical Imaging Techniques such as X-rays are used to create images of internal body structures for diagnostic purposes, including identifying fractures and detecting diseases Security screening at airports X-ray technology is employed to scan luggage and carry-on items, allowing security personnel to inspect for prohibited items or potential threats without physically opening bags.  Industrial Applications X-rays are utilized for inspecting materials and structures, enabling non-destructive testing to identify defects, inconsistencies, or structural issues in manufactured components or infrastructure. GAMMA RAY 7 Gamma ray is a type of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with the shortest wavelength and highest energy in the EMR spectrum. produced by the most energetic objects in the universe, such as neutron stars, pulsars, and supernova explosions. Applications: ❑Cancer treatment through radiotherapy, targeting radiation to kill cancer cells ❑Sterilization processes for medical equipment ❑Imaging techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) scans for diagnosing diseases ❑Astrophysics for studying celestial objects and phenomena Cancer Treatment Through Radiotherapy Using targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors, a common method in oncology to combat cancer.  Sterilization processes for medical equipment Employing radiation, such as gamma rays, to eliminate microorganisms from medical instruments and equipment to ensure their safe use in healthcare settings.  Imaging techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) scans Utilizing radioactive tracers to create detailed images of internal body structures and functions, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases and conditions. Astrophysics for studying celestial objects and phenomena Using gamma rays emitted by celestial objects to study their properties and behaviors, contributing to our understanding of the universe's structure and evolution.  STAY CURIOUS!