MEC400 Revision PDF

MEC400 REVISION  According to ABET, Engineering is: “The profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the material forces of nature for the be...

MEC400 REVISION  According to ABET, Engineering is: “The profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the material forces of nature for the benefit of mankind. According to Webster’s Dictionary: Engineering is “The application of math and science by which the properties of matter and the sources of energy in nature are made useful to people.” “Both the engineer and scientist are thoroughly educated in the mathematical and natural sciences, but the scientist primarily uses this knowledge to acquire new knowledge, whereas the engineer applies this knowledge to design and develop usable devices, structures and processes. In order words. The scientist seeks to know, the engineer aims to do”. -Eddie, Jenison, Mashaw and Northup, Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving. Engineers, who are they? An engineer is Engineers apply math, science, and judgment a professional for the betterment of society through: practitioner of engineering, who applies knowledge in Research & Manufacturing Construction natural or Development Design & Operation physical sciences, mathematics, and ingenuity to Sales Management Consultancy develop solutions Teaching of technical problems. Above all, engineers are problem solvers who make things work better, more efficiently, faster and cheaper. 4 Major Engineering Disciplines: Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, & Chemical Aeronautical Aerospace Agricultural Automotive Biochemical Biomedical Biotechnology CAD/CAM Chemical Civil Communication Computer Computer Computer and Electrical Nuclear Systems Communication Electronic Electromechanical Energy Environmental Food and Geotechnical Highway Industrial Process Information Information Instrumentation and Manufacturing System Technology Control Materials Mechanical Mechatronics Mineral resources Mining Naval Architecture Polymer/Plastics Petroleum Structural Telecommunication Water Resources Naval  Master personal skills that contribute to successful engineering practice: initiative, flexibility, creativity - thinking, curiosity, and time management  Efficiently and in a professional manner, communicate plans, results, thoughts and ideas to different target groups in writing and orally  Lead and work in multidisciplinary teams.  STPM, Certificate, Diploma Good understanding in the following: ⚫ Physics ⚫ Mathematics Good understanding and fluency in English Engineering education-based on the following engineering curricula: (as per UiTM requirement, and Engineering Accreditation Council, EAC requirement) Introductory Oral and written engineering; 6% General; 3% proficiency ; 8% Socio-humanistic Mathematics; 15% courses ; 13% Physical sciences ; 13% Engineering specialties ; 26% Engineering sciences ; 16% What is meant by professionalism and ethics in engineering? ❑ Professionalism: Acting in a professional manner when carrying out your duties of employment. ❑ Being Professional: being competent, reliable, accountable, & having integrity; meeting high standards, complying with laws, rules & regulations; showing care about every aspect of the job, being industrious and organized, etc. What is meant by professionalism and ethics in engineering? ❑ Engineering ethics: The systematic study of the rules and ideals of the engineering profession. ❑ It is the moral standards of decisions, policies and values that are morally desirable in engineering practice and research. Professionalism & Ethics in Engineering Oct’22 Professional regulations and registrations ◼ In Malaysia registration of engineers is by Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)/Lembaga Jurutera Malaysia (LJM). Graduates with recognized qualification in relevant disciplines can apply as graduate members. Recognition of degrees is through Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) (refer www.bem.org.my). ◼ An engineering graduate who wishes to work as an engineer must be registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) as a graduate engineer. ◼ To apply for registration as a Professional Engineer, a Graduate Engineer must have at least three years of practical experience in the field of engineering. The Professional Assessment Examination (PAE), which was previously owned by BEM and is now administered by IEM on its behalf, may be applied for after you have satisfied all of the preceding requirements. You will become a Professional Engineer if you pass the Professional Assessment Examination and other membership requirements. What is the occupational safety and health (OSH) in engineering? (cont.) Occupational safety and health (OSH) relates to safety, health, and welfare issues in the workplace. OSH includes the laws, standards, and programs that are aimed at making the workplace better for workers, along with co-workers, family members, customers/clients, and other stakeholders. What is Design?  Design is an intended-planned process of constructing or realizing something, which may be a plan, a product, a building, a device, a structure, a program, a system, and etc.  It is something that develops or begins from ideas into tangible or intangible outcomes or results.  In January 2004, the CDIO Initiative adopted 12 standards that describe CDIO programs - “The Guiding Principles”.  It is a major international project to reform undergraduate engineering education, called The CDIO Initiative, which then has expanded to include engineering programs worldwide.  The design process, known as the engineering design method (EDM) may be divided in many different ways and steps (or phases) where in each step involves a decision-making process.  EDM is an iterative and cyclic process, which is continuous and discursive in nature. We may divide EDM into several steps or phases as follows: 1. Phase I = Conceptual Design 2. Phase II = Embodiment Design 3. Phase III = Detailed Design 4. Phase IV = Planning for Manufacture 5. Phase V = Planning for Distribution 6. Phase VI = Planning for Use 7. Phase VII = Planning for Retirement of product 1. Phase I - Conceptual Design Step 3 Generating Functional Brainstorming Mchart decomposition concept Step 1StatementProblems Identify/Define Prob. PDS QFD Benchmarking Step 4concept Concept Pugh Decision Taguchi Method Evaluation Matrix Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Identify/Define Gather Generating Concept Problems Information concept Evaluation Prob. Statement References Brainstorming Pugh concept Benchmarking Electronic Media Functional Decision Matrix QFD Internet decomposition Taguchi Method PDS Mchart 2. Phase II - Embodiment Design Step 3 design Parametric Robust Tolerances design Set tolerances,DFM,DFA,DFE Step 1 architecture Product Arrangement Modularity of physical elements Step 3 Step 2 Step 1 Parametric Configuration Product design design architecture Selection of Robust design materials and Arrangement of Set manufacturing physical tolerances,DFM, processes elements DFA,DFE Modeling Modularity Tolerances Sizing of parts Step 1 architecture Product Detailed PDS engineering drawings Step 1 Product architecture 3. Phase iii – Detailed Design Detailed engineering drawings & PDS  The Engineering Problem Solving Method - EPSM (or analysis procedures) ◦ Consist of 6 basic steps (IDEASV): 1. Identify, recognize and understand the problem. 2. Deduce information: accumulate facts & data and verify their accuracy 3. Establish appropriate theories or principles 4. Assume necessary simplifying conditions 5. Solve the problem 6. Verify and validate result  Note that the above example serves as a general or standard guide in the engineering problem solving only. There are some engineering problems which may not require certain sections such as the data and diagrams, the assumption, and etc. These depend on the nature of the problems itself.