Reviewer-Ls-2024 PDF

Find the meaning of the following terms: 1. homeostasis 2. Response to stimuli 3. structure and function 4. Gametes 5. Conjugation in paramecium...

Find the meaning of the following terms: 1. homeostasis 2. Response to stimuli 3. structure and function 4. Gametes 5. Conjugation in paramecium 6. Budding 7. Inbreeding 8. genetic engineering 9. Recombinant DNA technology 10. Genetically modified organism (GMO) 11. phenylketonuria (PKU) 12. Nervous system 13. type of circulatory system for sponges and hydra 14. Phylogenic tree 15. Homologous structures Find the meaning of the following terms: 16. Theory of Panspermia 17. Abiogenesis 18. Biogenesis 19. Urey-Miller Experiment 20. Comparative embryology What is the fundamental relationship among the living things? Interaction and interdependence What do you call the factor, such as food, water, and space, that prevent the persistent development of a population? limiting factor If humans and chimpanzees belong to the same clade. originated from distinct ancestors What theory suggests that life originated from outer space? Theory of Panspermia What is Miller-Urey experiment all about? for verification for the composition of atmospheric gases in early Earth’s environment  Ancient stromatolites understand early life on Earth. Could these rock formations be significant in tracing the origins  Yes of life? Stromatolites contain fossilized bacterial mats, providing clues about early microbial life.  Body systems that involve in sending urine out of the body. Endocrine and excretory systems  Two body systems are most useful in getting nutrients from the food that you eat. Circulatory and digestive systems  Organ pumps blood to the rest of the body. Heart  The digestive system is to absorbing nutrients as the circulatory system is to______ Distributing nutrients It is a technique of creating an organism that is an exact genetic copy of others organism. Cloning What is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment? Homeostasis When you touch a hot pot, you quickly withdraw your hand. This reaction occurs almost instantly after sensing the heat. What characteristic of life does this situation show? Response to stimuli Sperm cells and egg cells are involved in sexual reproduction in animals. The collective term used to refer to both sperm and egg cells. Gametes In studying various species of plants in a tropical rainforest. They vary in size, shape, and color, all plants share certain fundamental characteristics, such as the ability to photosynthesize. What unifying theme does this observation exemplify? Unity and diversity The concept of evolution helps explain the diversity of life. What describe how evolution contributes to the survival of species? Organisms that are best suited to their environment survive and reproduce. What type of reproduction is the conjugation in paramecium? sexual reproduction A sexual process that involves the exchange of genetic material between two compatible mating types of the organism. Growing of yeast from the side of an existing one is what method of asexual reproduction? budding What is asexual reproduction? Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and produces genetically identical offspring. What could be the foremost disadvantage when the female lays eggs in an external environment? Increased risk of fertilization failure due to environmental factors A zoo has bred a lion and a tiger to produce a liger. What breeding process does this illustrate? Hybridization What best defines genetic engineering? The direct manipulation of an organism's DNA to achieve specific traits  Potential application of genetic engineering Genetic engineering creates pest- resistant crops, reducing chemical pesticide use. Series of steps to modify an organism's genetic material. I. Isolation of the gene of interest II. Insertion of the gene into a vector III. Introduction of the recombinant DNA into a host cell IV. Selection and expression of the recombinant DNA in the host cell Genetic information is transferred via a vector. A vector can be a bacteria, through its circular DNA called a plasmid, or a virus. A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. Correct sequences that represent the timeline of the appearance of life forms I. Prokaryotes existed as discovered in stromatolites. II First Eukaryotes appeared and multicellular organisms occurred. III. Trilobites and cephalopods became dominant in the ocean. IV. Homo erectus evolved during the Cenozoic Era. What term describes an organism that had its DNA modified to exhibit desirable traits, such as pest resistance or faster growth? Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) What is the characteristic of the circulatory system in mammals? The heart has four chambers  Body systems is responsible for transmitting signals and processing information. Nervous system Is circulatory system present in primitive animals like sponges and hydra No/They have no circulatory system. How will you describe the respiratory system of fish? They use gills to extract oxygen from water. Which body system is most likely affected if kidney failed which affect the body's ability to filter waste and regulate fluid balance? Excretory system development, a human fetus exhibits structures like a tail and gill arches, which resemble features seen in other vertebrates. What provides evidence that these traits are remnants of our evolutionary past?Comparative anatomy features, such as similar genes, similar skeletal structures in their limbs, and early-stage embryos that are very similar. While cats have a functional tail, humans have a vestigial tailbone. In evolutionary terms, what do these similarities exemplify? Homologous structures  Seagulls and crows both eat fish. How will you describe the relationship between these two birds? Competition crawling on the old wooden fence and noticed the wood was damaged. Her friend explained, "Those are termites, and they live on and eat wood, causing it to break down." What relationship do you observe? Parasitism