Alveoli of the Respiratory Tract PDF
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Manchester
Niggy Gouldsborough
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Summary
This presentation details the anatomy of alveoli, a critical component of the respiratory system. It explores the structure, function, and blood supply of alveoli, including diagrams and descriptions. The presentation also highlights the importance of alveoli in gas exchange.
Full Transcript
Anatomy of the Respiratory Tract 3 Alveoli Niggy Gouldsborough Alveoli Site of gas exchange Scattered alveoli on respiratory bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles → alveolar ducts Alveolar ducts - elongated airways with walls made of alveo...
Anatomy of the Respiratory Tract 3 Alveoli Niggy Gouldsborough Alveoli Site of gas exchange Scattered alveoli on respiratory bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles → alveolar ducts Alveolar ducts - elongated airways with walls made of alveoli → alveolar sacs Alveolar sacs – spaces surrounded by clusters of alveoli Alveoli Alveoli 150-250 million alveoli per lung alveolar duct Surrounded by a network of capillaries Provides an extensive surface area for gas exchange alveolar sac Blood Supply to Alveoli bronchiole pulmonary arteriole pulmonary venule alveoli alveolar sac capillary network around alveolus terminal bronchiole respiratory bronchiole (Saladin, 2015) Structure of an Alveolus capillar type I alveolar y cell (simple respirato squamous ry epithelium) forms membra wall of alveolus ne surfactan macrophage t phagocytozes type II alveolar small inhaled cell secretes particles and surfactant bacteria (Saladin, 2015) Respiratory Membrane made up of:- epithelium of type I cell basement membrane of type I basement cell membrane of capillary endothelium of capillary NB the two basement membranes tend to be fused together Functional organisation of the tract The respiratory tract may be organised according to function - conductive and respiratory portions. The conductive portion is concerned with filtering, warming and moistening the air and conducting the air into the lungs. The respiratory portion includes all parts of the tract where gas exchange takes place. Functional organisation of the Conductive portion tract – nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses – pharynx – larynx – trachea – primary bronchi – secondary bronchi – tertiary bronchi – bronchioles – terminal bronchioles Respiratory portion – respiratory bronchioles – alveolar ducts – alveolar sacs – alveoli
