Reproductive and Genitourinary System PDF

Viscera of the True Pelvis Females have 3 midline visceral structures whilst males have only 2 midline structures (no uterus) 1. Bladder ○ Sac-shaped organ formed by the detrusor muscle ○ Only section of the bladder without detrusor muscle is the trigone (triangle shaped patch of sm...

Viscera of the True Pelvis Females have 3 midline visceral structures whilst males have only 2 midline structures (no uterus) 1. Bladder ○ Sac-shaped organ formed by the detrusor muscle ○ Only section of the bladder without detrusor muscle is the trigone (triangle shaped patch of smooth muscle) ○ At the apex of the trigone is the ureter and internal urethral orifice 2. Uterus ○ Main reproductive organ in females ○ Lateral to the peritoneum of the uterus is a wide fold of peritoneum which connects the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvic cavity = broad ligament 3. Rectum The Broad Ligament Broad ligament = wide double-layer of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis Maintain position within the pelvic cavity Subcomponents: (named based on structures contained between double layer ○ Mesometrium = mesentery extending laterally from uterus ○ Mesosalpinx = mesentery draping over the fallopian tube ○ Mesovarium = mesentery draping over ovaries Contents of the Broad Ligament Reproductive ○ Uterus ○ Fallopian tubes ○ Ovaries Vessels ○ Ovarian artery (within the suspensory ligament) ○ Uterine artery (which gives rise to the vaginal branch which supplies the inferior vagine) Ligaments ○ Ovarian ligament = connects ovary to the lateral part of the uterus Extends from ovary → fundus ○ Round ligament of the uterus = remnant of gubernaculum. Keep uterus in anteverted position , flexed over bladder Extends from uterus → labia majora via inguinal canal ○ Suspensory ligament of the ovary = houses ovarian artery + vein + lymphatics Extends from mesovarium → pelvic wall