Renaissance and Baroque Periods PDF

Arts of Renaissance and Baroque Periods TERMS: Baroque– from the Portuguese word “barroco” (an irregular shaped pearl or stone) Renaissance – comes from the word “renaitre” (rebirth, revival, and rediscovery)  Renaissance Period Renaissance was the period of economic progres...

Arts of Renaissance and Baroque Periods TERMS: Baroque– from the Portuguese word “barroco” (an irregular shaped pearl or stone) Renaissance – comes from the word “renaitre” (rebirth, revival, and rediscovery)  Renaissance Period Renaissance was the period of economic progress. The period stirred enthusiasm for the study of ancient philosophy and artistic values.  Famous Renaissance Artworks and Artists Renaissance 1450 to 1650 Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet. Considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime was considered as one of the greatest artists of all time. A number of his works in paintings, sculpture, and architecture rank among the famous in existence. ` Last Judgment ` Creation of Adam ` David Pieta Pieta depicts the body of Jesus on the lap of his mother Mary after the Crucifixion. Michelangelo convinces himself and his spectators of the divine quality and the significance of these figures by means of earthly and perfect beauty, but of course, these are human standards. Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo Da Vinci was a painter, architect, scientist, and mathematician. He was popularized in present times through the novel and movie, “Da Vinci Code.” He is known as the ultimate “Renaissance man” because of his intellect, interest, talent and his expression of humanist and classical values. ` The Last Supper ` Mona Lisa “Mona Lisa” stems from a description, “Leonardo undertook to paint for Francesco del Giocondo the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife.” Mona, in Italian, is a polite form of address originating as Madonna- similar to Ma’am, madamme, or My Lady in English. This became Madonna and its contraction Mona.  Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Raphael) Raphael was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance period. His work was admired for its clarity of form and ease of composition and for its visual achievement of the interpreting the Divine and incorporating Christian doctrines. ` The Sistine Madonna ` The School of Athens ` The Transfiguration  The Transfiguration was Raphael’s last painting on which he worked on up to his death. Commissioned by Cardinal Giulio de Medici, the late Pope Clement VII, the painting was conceived as an altarpiece for the Narbonne Cathedral in France. The painting exemplifies Raphael’s development as an artist and the culmination of his career. Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi (Donatello) Donatello was one of the Italian great artists of the period. He was an early Renaissance Italian sculptor from Florence. He is known for his work in bas- relief, a form of shallow relief sculpture. ` Equestrian Monument of Gattamelata David Renaissance art is characterized by several key features: Realism and Naturalism: Artists focused on realistic depictions of human figures and natural settings, emphasizing proportion, anatomy, and perspective. Perspective: The use of linear perspective created the illusion of depth, allowing for more three-dimensional compositions. Use of Light and Shadow: Chiaroscuro (the contrast of light and dark) and sfumato (the gradual blending of colors) added depth and volume to figures.  Classical Influences: Inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman art, including the revival of classical themes, mythologies, and ideals of beauty. Humanism: A focus on human experience, emotion, and individualism, often depicted in portraits and religious scenes. Color and Composition: Vibrant colors and balanced compositions with an emphasis on harmony and proportion.  Symbolism: Many paintings included symbolic elements that conveyed deeper meanings or narratives. Diverse Subjects: While religious themes remained prominent, there was a growing interest in secular subjects, including mythology, landscapes, and everyday life. Baroque Period 1600-1750  Baroque Period Baroque was a period of artistic styles in exaggerated motion, drama, tension, and grandeur. The Roman Catholic Church highly encouraged the Baroque style to propagate Christianity while the aristocracy used Baroque style for architecture and arts to impress visitors, express triumph and power. Famous Baroque Artworks and Artists Michelangelo Merisi He was better known as (Caravaggio) Caravaggio. He was an outcast in his society, because of his own actions and the lack of modesty and reverence for religious subjects in his own paintings. Caravaggio’s models at this period were either himself or young persons who have an air of being promising but wicked. ` Judith Beheading Holofernes ` Conversion of St. Paul Gian Lorenzo Bernini Bernini was an Italian artist and the first Baroque artist. His first artworks date from his 8th birthday. He made a sculpture of “David” was for Cardinal Borghese which is strikingly different from Michelangelo’s David. The famous “Ecstasy of St. Teresa” was his greatest achievement and the Colonade of the Piazza of St. Peter’s Rome. ` David ` ` Ecstasy of St. Teresa Peter Paul Rubens Rubens was well known for his paintings of mythical and figurative subjects, landscapes, portraits, and Counter- Reformation altarpieces. His commissioned works were mostly religious subjects, history paintings of magical creatures, and hunt scenes. ` The Raising of the Cross ` Portrait of Helene Fourment Rembrandt van Rijn Rembrandt was considered as one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art. No artist has painted himself as often as did Rembrandt. His well- known work was his “Self portrait in Old Age”. Rembrandt had produced over 600 paintings, nearly 400 etchings, and 2000 drawings. Diego Velasquez Velasquez of Spain developed out of the Baroque. He was one of the finest masters of composition and one of the most important painters of the Spanish Golden Age. ` The Maids of Honour Baroque art is characterized by a number of features, ` including: Dramatic effect Baroque art often evokes emotion through melodrama, theatricality, and shocking elements. It often depicts the moment before an event, rather than the event itself. Contrast Baroque art often features strong contrasts between light and shadow, or between foreground and background. Rich colors Baroque art often features vivid colors and richly saturated brushwork.  Secular ` subjects Baroque art often depicts secular subjects, such as still lifes, portraits, and genre scenes. Larger-than-life Baroque sculptures are often larger than life and meant to be viewed from multiple angles. Movement Baroque art often suggests movement, either vertical or vortical.  Complex style `Baroque art is stylistically complex and contradictory, with currents of naturalism and Classicism coexisting with the Baroque style. Painted ceilings Italian High Baroque art often featured painted ceilings with angels and saints, and trompe-l'œil architectural effects. Baroque art is often associated with grandeur, drama, and emotional exuberance.