YEAR 9 RELIGIOUS EDUCATION 2024 End of Year Exam Questions PDF

**YEAR 9 RELIGIOUS EDUCATION** **2024 END OF YEAR EXTENDED TEST PREPARATION** **TERM 1 RELEVANT CONTENT: THE HUMAN SEARCH FOR TRUTH** **Chapter 1: The human need to question** **Explain what human heart questions are.** \[Topic sentence\] There are human heart questions. \[Elaborate\] When peop...

**YEAR 9 RELIGIOUS EDUCATION** **2024 END OF YEAR EXTENDED TEST PREPARATION** **TERM 1 RELEVANT CONTENT: THE HUMAN SEARCH FOR TRUTH** **Chapter 1: The human need to question** **Explain what human heart questions are.** \[Topic sentence\] There are human heart questions. \[Elaborate\] When people grow and change, they seek to understand through questions, and the more they understand the more they ask. \[Explain\] These questions are called human heart questions because they stir within people's hearts and continue throughout life. Furthermore, they tend to keep coming back because situations in people's life change. \[Example\] For example when teenagers become more aware of themselves as individuals they ask questions like, 'how can I understand my feelings?' or 'what should I do when I leave school?'. \[Link/conclude\] Therefore human heart questions are an important part of understanding the world around them. \*Only God can fulfil these questions. **List the four types of human heart questions.** 1\. Personal questions 2\. Relationship questions 3\. Questions about the future 4\. Questions about God **Describe each of the four types of human heart questions.** There are four basic human heart questions. **Personal questions** are concerned with what people need to understand about themselves in order to achieve true happiness*.* An example of a question is 'What's life all about?'. **Relationship questions** are those concerned with how a person can relate with others in ways. An example is 'Who will always love and accept me, no matter what?'*.* **Questions about the future** are concerned with what is best for oneself, for the world and for creation if true happiness is to be found. One example of a question is 'What difference can I make to the future of the earth?'. Finally, **questions about God** are through human experiences that lead people to wonder about God. Many people sense the presence of God as they experience creation and the more aware people become of God, the more they wonder at religious questions such as: 'Who is God?'. **List examples of human heart questions for each of the four types.** **Personal questions** 'What's life all about?' How can I become more independent **Relationship questions** 'Who will always love and accept me, no matter what?' 'How can I make good friends?' **Questions about the future** 'What difference can I make to the future of the earth?' 'How can we create a more peaceful future with less crime and fewer wars?' **Questions about God** 'Who is God?' 'Why does God allow suffering ?' **Outline two reasons why people fail to recognise their 'human heart' questions.** There are two reasons why people fail to recognise their 'human heart' questions. Firstly, people may try to avoid these questions and resist spending quiet time to find out what is going on within them. Secondly they may try to find happiness in other ways, such as gaining greater wealth, success, social status and possessions. However, this only leads to short term happiness. **Chapter 3: The spirit guides the church's magisterium** **Define 'pope', 'archbishop', 'bishop', 'cardinal'.** [Pope ] The Pope is the leader of the Catholic church, who has the gifts and authority passed down from St. Peter is called the Pope. Popes are elected by cardinals. [Bishop] A Bishop is in charge of churches and other bishops in a diocese. He is also responsible for administering the sacraments. [Archbishop ] A Bishop who is in charge of a larger diocese called an archdiocese. [Cardinal ] A cardinal are special bishops who elect the Pope. The gathering during which they elect a new Pope is called a 'conclave'. A Cardinal is a higher rank than a bishop and archbishop. He is also an advisor to the pope. **Describe the role of the magisterium in serving the church.** The Magisterium plays a crucial role in serving the church. They consist of the Pope and the bishops, who are guided by the Holy Spirit, throughout the world, working within their dioceses. They make up the Ecumenical council. It is their role to interpret in a decisive way both Sacred scripture and Sacred Tradition. They can only teach, explain and apply the teachings of Jesus and they cannot go against a teaching of Jesus. This guidance ensures that the authentic teachings and beliefs of Jesus are maintained. **Describe the catholic understanding of 'tradition'.** Tradition is a special word and is always spelt with a capital 'T', which refers to the handing on of the teachings of the Apostles under the Holy Spirit's guidance. Catholics believe that Tradition includes both the teachings handed on by the Apostles, such as the Creed and the moral teachings of Christ and the way these teachings are handed on. Tradition protects the Church from losing or misrepresenting the teaching of Jesus. Through Tradition, the Holy Spirit guides the Pope and bishops to interpret and govern the Church. **Chapter 5: The spirit of truth inspired the new testament** **Investigate the story of Paul.** As a young Jew, Saul found the teachings of the Apostles to be blasphemous. He became a leader and was involved with the persecution of Christians. When he was leading a group who would persecute Christians in Damascus, he was visited by Jesus who appeared to him. This marked his conversion to Christianity. After Jesus appeared to him, Paul realised that he was called by God to preach -- especially to those who were not Jews (gentiles). He then went on three missionary journeys to preach and convert people to Christianity. Paul was eventually imprisoned and executed in Rome sometime before 67AD. **Recount Paul's missionary journeys** Around 45AD, Paul began three missionary journeys. He did this to convert people to Christianity and to spread the Gospel. Paul embarked on his first missionary journey around 45-49AD, travelling to other countries and preaching in major cities. He completed two more missionary journeys between 49-53AD and 53-58AD, during which he preached and made converts. After Paul's three journeys, he returned to Jerusalem in 58AD. Upon return, he was arrested by Jewish authorities. Paul was taken into custody by the Roman army and sent to Caesarea for safety reasons. It was there that he was kept in prison for 2 years. After exercising the right to a trial, Paul went back to Rome in 61AD and continued to be held in prison for another 2 years. After his trial, he was freed, possibly for lack of evidence against him. It is uncertain about what happened after 63AD. Eventually he was imprisoned again and then executed in Rome some time before 67AD. **TERM 2 RELEVANT CONTENT: PEOPLE GROW STRONGER SPIRITUALLY** **Chapter 1: Young people discover new spiritual experiences** **Define virtue.** A virtue is a habit of doing what is good. Some of the 'Christian virtues' are faith, hope and love, compassion, honesty, humility, respect and loyalty. **Define cardinal.** The word 'cardinal' comes from the Latin word for 'hinge'. The development of all other human virtues hinges on the cardinal virtues. **List and describe each of the four cardinal virtues.** [Fortitude] is the virtue of continuing to try to do what is right. Fortitude is shown when people keep trying in the face of difficulties (e.g. temptations) and try to overcome habits that need changing (e.g. laziness). Even if they fail, people of fortitude never give up; they try again. [Justice] is the virtue making people willing to be fair in their dealings with God and with others, giving to each what is due to them. Justice to God requires prayer, worship and trying to live as God taught. Justice to others involves respecting the rights of others. [Prudence] is the virtue enabling people to decide what is truly best for them in each particular situation in life, and to choose the right means of achieving it. [Temperance] is the virtue of moderation, governing our emotions and desires so that they do not lead us to sin. **Chapter 2: People can develop spiritual relationships** **Define Heaven, Purgatory and Hell** [Heaven] God created people to live forever with God in a happiness that is beyond human imagination. This happiness is called 'heaven'. God is perfect love and goodness. To live forever with God, people need to have lived lives of love and goodness. [Purgatory] People who have traces of selfishness, human weakness and wrongdoing when they die, have an experience of final purification called 'purgatory' before they can experience heaven. [Hell ] Is a place of eternal punishment that has no escape. It is a place with eternal absence of God. It's a place one goes when they die in unresolved mortal sin. **Explain how 'free will' (not God) ultimately determines a whether a person goes to Heaven or Hell.** Free will ultimately determines whether a person goes to Heaven or Hell. This is because God created everyone with 'free will'. Therefore, people can choose not to relate with God. They can choose not to by refusing to live the commandments of God. They will therefore go to Hell. Conversely, people who use their free will to try to do good and follow the commandments will end up in heaven. Thus, 'free will' determines whether a person goes to Heaven or Hell. **Chapter 5: God the father and Jesus sent the holy spirit** **Describe some of the key information learned about Jesus through the gospel of mark.** Son of God: Mark introduces Jesus as the Son of God, emphasising his divinity through miracles, teachings, and God's acknowledgement of him as his beloved son Kingdom of God: Jesus establishes the kingdom of God, calling people to repent, believe and witness its power through his teachings and miracles Suffering servant: Jesus fulfils the role of the suffering servant, willingly enduring suffering and death to accomplish God's will and save humanity Power over evil: Jesus demonstrates divine authority over evil and suffering, healing the sick, casting out demons, and performing miracles. Call to discipleship Resurrection **Chapter 6: Jesus revealed how to draw on the strength of the holy spirit** **Explain the meaning of the Death of Jesus.** The death of Jesus is central event in Christianity, viewed as a sacrifice for humanity's sins. His death fulfills Old Testament prophecies of a Suffering servant who would bear humanity's transgressions. Through his crucifixion, Jesus took upon himself the punishment humanity deserved, reconciling people with God and opening the way to salvation. This act demonstrates the depth of God's love, as Jesus willingly offered himself as a ransom for all. His death is not the end by a step toward resurrection, symbolising victory over death and the promise of eternal life for believers. **Explain the meaning of the resurrection of Jesus.** The resurrection of Jesus is the most important sign of the power of God. It signifies that death is not the end for those who believe in Jesus, as they too will be raised from the dead by the power of the Spirit. Because Jesus rose from the dead, Christians can share in his risen life and see the cross not as a symbol of death, but as a symbol of God's power to overcome death and bring fullness of life with God. **List Jewish religious authorities at the time of Jesus.** - Pharisees - Sadducees - Herodians - Chief priests - Scribes - Elders **TERM 3 RELEVANT CONTENT: PEOPLE CAN ACHIEVE EMOTIONAL PEACE** **Chapter 1: Emotions move people** **Define the term 'emotion'** The word 'emotion' comes from the Latin word movere, which means 'to move'. Emotions are strong feelings that move people to behave in certain ways. **Name the most fundamental emotion and explain why it is considered the most fundamental emotion** The most fundamental emotion is love, which seeks out what is good. Love causes people to hope that good can be achieved, even when they face bad situations. Of all the emotions, love is the most basic emotion needed for the human person to flourish. It involves choosing to do what is good for self and others. It means asking the question, 'What is truly in my best interest or the best interest of the other person or both?' A person who recognises that they feel love for self and others, even people they don't know personally, will be prepared to make life-giving choices. The kind, generous behaviour of the person who makes a stranger welcome is an example of how love can be directed in such a way. Sometimes a person must overcome the\ temptation to take the 'easy option' when\ they can see that their choice may result in\ harm to self or others. Self-control in situations like this is a sign of putting the good of self and others first. Sometimes the right and most loving answer to someone's request will be a straight 'no', or to say to them, 'I don't think that's the right thing to do'. **Explain the difference between an emotion and a behaviour** **Name and explain why the three steps of developing emotionally are important** The development of an emotion requires three steps: 1. Recognising the emotion 2. Accepting the emotion 3. Making a choice to direct an emotion. **Chapter 2: The emotions function best when directed by the will** **Explain what is meant by the 'will' and why it is important to a person's emotional development** Sometimes people find it difficult to direct their emotions. Instead of being under control, they can take over people's lives, confusing them about how to behave in ways that are appropriate to the situation. Emotions function best in a person's life when they are directed by the will. The ability to use the will to appropriately direct emotions leads a person to do what is in the best interests of self and others. They can achieve a real harmony between what they feel and how they choose to act or direct those feelings. Where people let their emotions dominate, their emotions can take over, leading them to say and do what they might later regret. Not recognising or accepting their emotions may confuse people with so many thoughts that working out right and wrong becomes impossible. There can be many reasons why people become confused about their emotions and fail to direct them appropriately. *God created people as rational beings with free will, able to make decisions about and control their own actions.* **Definition:** *It is the 'will' that enables people to exercise the ability they have to choose between what is good and what is evil.* Explain how failure to direct emotions in life-giving ways can result in emotional stress Explain why people need to respect their emotions **Chapter 3: Jesus promises salvation** **Outline the meaning of "people are created in the image of god'.** People are created in the image of God. This means that God has created in each person the gifts needed to become like God. When people behave in God-like ways, they find happiness growing in them. When they do not behave in God-like ways, they eventually experience unhappiness. Therefore, people 'are created in the image of God'. **State** **what the greatest sign of god's love is** The greatest example of God's love was the coming of Jesus Christ his Son into the world. **Use examples to describe how Jesus' emotions always reflected god's love** The emotions of Jesus show his love The Gospels tell many stories of Jesus expressing emotions. He always did so in ways that were consistent with his basic choice to love. Jesus showed how people can direct emotions in life-giving ways. Examples are: - Jesus' love for children moved him to overcome tiredness to bless those who approached him (Matthew 19:14) - Jesus weeping when thinking of the consequences for Jerusalem after the people refused to listen to him (Luke 19:41--42) - Jesus grieving at the death of Lazarus his friend (John 11:33--35) - Jesus expressing frustration in ways that did not hurt his followers (John 14:9) - Jesus feeling compassion for the widow whose only son had died (Luke 7:11--17) - Jesus overcoming the fear of death to continue showing love (Luke 22:44). **Chapter 4: Jesus shares his power to love: sacraments and commandments** **Name and explain the four spiritual gifts of the sacrament of baptism** Freedom from original sin Sharing in the life of God Membership in church of Jesus Being united by the Holy Spirit with other baptised believers  **Name and explain the seven gifts of the holy spirit received through the sacrament of confirmation** Wisdom Understanding Right judgement Courage Knowledge Reverence  Wonder and awe in God's presence. **Define the term 'charity'** Charity is the name of the divine power to love as God does. It helps people to relate with God, as He wanted originally in the creation story. Charity is the power God gives people to: - love God for His own sake - love others for God's sake - live the commandments - love yourself and others as God does Many people may think that charity is about giving money. While it does do this, it refers to much more than this. 'Charity' is the power to love as Jesus does -- a selfless love that grows as people keep his commandments, through Baptism, Jesus' followers receive the power of Jesus to love as he does. This power is called 'charity'. Charity empowers Christians in two ways: - to love God for God's own sake - to love every human person for God's sake. **Explain the two ways charity empowers Christians** Charity empowers Christians in two ways: - to love God for God's own sake - to love every human person for God's sake. **List five things that Christians need to do to grow in charity** To grow in charity, Christians need to: 1\. Nourish this gift by receiving Jesus in Holy Communion 2\. Practise loving God for God's own sake, especially through daily prayer 3\. Practise praying for others 4\. Pray to God for help to love others, especially those it is hard to like and forgive 5\. Make a genuine effort to behave towards others in selflessly loving ways. **State the two great commandments of Jesus** 'You must love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your strength and with all your mind\...'. (Luke 10:27) 'You must love your neighbour as yourself.' (Matthew 22:39) **Chapter 5: Sin and how god helps people overcome it** **Define the term 'sin'** Sin is any deliberate thought, word or deed against the law of God. 'Deliberate' means knowing that the thought, word or deed is against a law of God and the person still does it on purpose. Sin, therefore, is disobedience against God by deliberately thinking, speaking or acting in an 'unholy' or 'ungodly' way. **Name and explain the three conditions for sin** People can determine whether or not they have sinned by asking themselves three questions. These are:\ 1. Was the thought word or action against God's law?\ 2. Did I know that it was against a law of God? 3\. Did I freely choose to go against God's law? People always need to have these questions in mind so that when they: - feel guilty about something, they reflect on the first question - realise they have done wrong, they reflect on the second and third questions. **Identify the two sacraments of healing** Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick **List three ways people can overcome sinful habits by drawing on the power of god** The power of God will help people to overcome sinful habits. People draw on this power by: - Praying daily to God, asking for help to understand and to overcome the sinful habit - Seeking spiritual strength from Jesus by receiving him in Holy Communion - Seeking God\'s forgiveness for times when the habit was given into. **Describe the three conditions necessary for people to commit mortal sin** 1\. Grave matter - Grave matter is specified by the Ten Commandments. Within the Ten Commandments, some of God's laws are more serious than others. For example: murder is more serious than swearing at someone in anger (fifth commandment) 2\. Full knowledge - Full knowledge means knowing that the word or action is against a grave law of God or 'grave matter'. 3\. Deliberate consent - Deliberate consent means a deliberate and fully conscious choice. **Chapter 6: Penance -- sacrament of healing** Explain how Jesus came to heal people's relationship with god Explain what the gifts of the sacrament of penance helps people to do Name and describe the four elements of the Sacrament of Penance Describe what an 'examination of conscience' is and why it is important in the preparation for Penance **Chapter 7: Anointing -- a sacrament of healing** **Identify the three sacraments that comprise the last rites** The Last Rites consist of three sacraments which together, prepare a person to pass from this world to God. These are: 1. Reconciliation, through which Jesus forgives the person's sins and gives them all the gifts of the sacrament 2. Anointing, through which Jesus gives the gifts of this sacrament 3. Holy Communion, through which Jesus unites the person with himself, nourishing them for the journey he took when he passed 'from this world to the Father' (John 13:1). **Name and describe the two elements of the sacrament of anointing** There are several parts to celebrating the sacrament of Anointing. The two main parts are: 1. The priest laying his hands in silence on the head of the one receiving the sacrament as a reminder of the hand of God, from whom all love and other gifts come 2. The essential part, when the priest anoints the sick person on the forehead and the hands while saying: *Through this holy anointing, may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. May the Lord who frees you from sin save you and raise you up.* (Sacrament of Anointing) **Explain what the gifts of the sacrament of anointing helps people to do** Though the sacrament of Anointing is for all who are seriously ill, or who suffer physical frailty such as the elderly, it is also celebrated as one of the Last Rites when a person is dying. **TERM 4 RELEVANT CONTENT -- CHRISTIAN LOVE AND SEXUALITY** **Chapter 1: Adolescence is a time of change, challenge and growth** **Define the term 'adolescence'** Adolescence is a period of rapid change in the lives of young people and is a time of preparation for adult life and relationships. In this period they experience changes in all areas of their personal growth and development -- physically, intellectually, socially and spiritually. They also question attitudes and beliefs that they had accepted from various sources -- parents, the media, teachers and even their childhood friends **Identify the five areas in which adolescents develop** Physical -- Anything a teen goes through in adolescence (taller) Intellectual -- improve emotional intelligence, become more aware Emotional -- become more intense in an emotion Social -- Change friends Spiritual -- become closer or more distanced from God **Chapter 2: The gift of sexuality** **Define the term 'sexuality' and explain how sexuality is different to 'sex'** Many people today confuse 'sex' and 'sexuality'. Sexuality does not have the same meaning as sex. Sexuality refers to how one perceives oneself and relates to others as male or female. Each person's sexuality has an influence on them from their infancy to old age. It affects and influences all aspects of his or her personal development. This includes their intellectual, emotional, spiritual and physical development. Conversely a sex is an observable physical difference between males and females and is the act of sexual intercourse. **Name and describe the three different types of love** [Romantic love] - Romantic love refers to the love flowing from psychological and physical attraction. - People can express romantic love by doing acts of service such as helping their partner with their work. This demonstrates love because they are prioritising their loved one without expecting anything in return. [Altruistic love] - Altruistic love enables people to show genuine concern and care for others whether they who them or not - A young person can express altruistic love by giving their time to the elderly (who are often forgotten about and neglected). The young person would do this without expecting anything in return. [Familial love ] - Familial love is the love between family members. It moves family members to be concerned and care for each other. For example, when a parent gets sick, their child might take on more responsibilities in the home. They may do this because it supports their parent. **Explain why adolescents should be wary of sexual experimentation** Sexuality permeates the identity and personality of every person and it can take a long time to develop a healthy sexuality. There are no short cuts to reaching the level of maturity and a healthy sexuality that will enable a person to find the happiness and fulfilment that married life offers. This means being wary of engaging in sexual experimentation as this is not 'love' at all and can harm the development of a person's sexuality in ways that affect them for the rest of their lives. Sexual experimentation often results in: physical, emotional, social and spiritual harm [Textbook answer:] Young people need to be particularly wary of engaging in sexual experimentation. Because experimentation takes place in short-term or casual relationships lacking commitment or even concern for the other person, such 'love' is not authentic. In fact, it is not 'love' at all. Sexual experimentation, because it is *self-centred* rather than *other- centred*, can harm the development of a person's sexuality in ways that affect them for the rest of their lives. Habits can be formed that are very difficult to break, even once a person is married. **Explain each of the four possible consequences of engaging in sexual experimentation** Young people need to be aware of the possible consequences of engaging in sexual experimentation which may include: Physical harm, such as contracting sexually transmitted infections. These infections affect persons who engage in sexual experimentation far more than anyone else. Emotional harm, such as the distress resulting from an unplanned pregnancy. Social harm, such as focussing so much on sexual encounters that other aspects of forming balanced relationships are neglected. Spiritual harm, as sexual experimentation often results in a self-centredness that leaves little room for God and committed love of others. Therefore young people should be wary of sexual experimentation. **Chapter 3: Developing a healthy sexuality** **Explain the concept that males and females are equal in dignity** Each was created in God's image and likeness, and each was created to reflect God in different ways. Males have been created to reflect God in masculine ways and females have been created to reflect God in feminine ways. For example, males do not reflect God better than females, nor do females better reflect God than males. Created in God's image and likeness, male and female are also equal in dignity. Each respects their own dignity and that of others when they treat each other with respect. Neither should treat the other as less equal than themselves. **Identify the catholic teaching of the two purposes of sexual intercourse** God revealed sexual intercourse as a special means for expressing married love before relating it to having children. Catholic teaching speaks of the two purposes of intercourse, without prioritising them. Neither is more important than the other. **Chapter 4: The challenge of developing a healthy sexuality** **Explain the concept of 'genuine love'** Genuine love for family members, friends and husband or wife is required to develop a healthy sexuality. Although different kinds of love are needed for different relationships, the common characteristic of all forms of genuine love is commitment to the good of the person being loved. The common characteristic of genuine love in every human relationship is 'to will the good of the other' (mutual). Authentic love commits to the good of the other person. It is a form of love which upholds the best intentions of doing what is best for the other person. Commitment and genuine love: Genuine love for family members, friends and husband or wife is required to develop a healthy sexuality. Although different types of love are needed for different relationships, the common characteristic of all forms of genuine love is commitment to the good of the person being loved. **Chapter 5: Jesus promises the power of divine love** **Explain why, in terms of the two commandments of Jesus, 'love for god' is first** Jesus described these as the two greatest commandments. The order in which they are presented is very important. Love for God is first because only by loving God are Christians empowered to love their neighbour as Jesus did. The power of charity cannot grow by trying to love others without first loving God and receiving this power to love from him. **Define the term 'chastity'** Through Charity people are moved to love others as God loves them. This ability to harmonise sexual thoughts, feelings and desires is called chastity. It is the growing ability to see others as God sees them. This means seeing beyond an individual's sexuality, wonderful as that gift is, to the whole person God loves. **Identify four ways in which chastity is developed** Two requirements are needed to develop chastity. In a similar way to charity, the first requirement is to develop a close relationship with God through: 1\. Daily prayer 2\. Receiving the spiritual nourishment of Holy Communion 3\. Receiving God's forgiveness in the Sacrament of Penance 4\. Accepting God's grace in the Sacrament of Penance to amend one's life and do better in future. Explain how modesty is a key element to living a chaste life **Define the term 'celibacy'** - The special love Jesus demonstrated is called celibate love, or simply 'celibacy' - Religious brothers, sisters and priests are called in a special way to celibate love and like Jesus they are called to celibacy for their whole lives. **Chapter 6: God empowers people to live chaste lives** Describe the ways the sacraments of (a) baptism (b) confirmation (c) eucharist and (d) penance empower people to live chaste lives