Rad Physics Objectives Test 1 2021 PDF

knowwheretheycomefrom Jnucleus I definethefollowingterms Matter anything thathasmassandtakesupspace Radiation theemissionof energy as electromagneticwaves or asmovingsubatomic particles Energy thecapacity todowork Ionizing Radiation radiationwithenoughenergytoremoveti...

knowwheretheycomefrom Jnucleus I definethefollowingterms Matter anything thathasmassandtakesupspace Radiation theemissionof energy as electromagneticwaves or asmovingsubatomic particles Energy thecapacity todowork Ionizing Radiation radiationwithenoughenergytoremovetightlyboundelectronsfromatoms creating ions Physics thenaturalsciencethatstudiesmatteritsmotion andbehaviorthroughspaceand time RadiationPhysics thestudyofthephysicalaspectsofradiation 2 TypesofEnergy KineticEnergy theenergy an objecthasduetoitsmotion PotentialEnergy theenergystoredin an objectduetoitspositionorstate 3 Forms ofEnergy ChemicalEnergy storedinthebonds ofchemical compounds ElectricalEnergy resultingfromthemovementofchargedparticles ThermalEnergy relatedtothe temperature of anobject NuclearEnergyreleasedduringnuclear reactions 4 StructuralLevels Compound asubstanceformedwhentwo ormore chemicalelements are chemically bonded together Element a puresubstanceconsistingofonetype ofatom Molecule twoormoreatomschemicallybondedtogether Atom thesmallestunitofmatter Nucleus thepositively chargedcenterofanatomcontainingprotonsandneutrons nucleons protonsandneutrons in thenucleus Electrons negatively chargedparticlesorbitingthenucleus  Protons positivelychargedparticles inthenucleus Neutrons neutralparticles inthenucleus 5 Electronshells energylevelswhereelectrons arefoundThe fartherfromthenucleus thehighertheenergylevel 6 AdditionalTerms Neutral Atom an atomwith an equalnumberofprotonsandelectrons Ion anatomthathaslostorgainedelectronsandhasa charge Isotope atomsofthesameelementwithdifferentnumbers ofneutrons Atomic Number thenumber ofprotons in an atom MassNumber thesum ofprotonsandneutronsinthenucleus Atomicweight theaveragemassofatomsofanelement 7 Bonding IonicBonding transferofelectronsfromoneatomtoanothercreating ions CovalentBonding sharing ofelectronsbetweenatoms 8 Compositionof Rays AlphaRays heliumnuclei BetaRays highenergyhighspeedelectronsorpositrons GammaRays highenergy electromagneticradiation 9 wavelength Frequency Wavelength thedistancebetweensuccessivecrests of a wave Frequency thenumber ofwavesthatpassa point inonesecond 10 Unitsofmeasurement Roentgen Coulomb kilogram measuresexposure toionizingradiation RadGray measuresabsorbedradiationdose Remsievert measuresbiologicaleffect ofionizingradiation  9 1 11 AtomStructureunderstandingthehistoricalprogression ofatomicmodelsfromDalton'ssolidspheretothe quantummechanicalmodel 12 ElectronCapacity themaximumnumber ofelectrons ineachshellcanbecalculatedusing2m where n istheshellnumber 13 OuterShellElectrons theoutermost shellcanhold amaximumof 8electrons 14.1RadioactiveTerms RadioactiveDisintegration Decay theprocess whichanunstableatomicnucleuslosesenergybyradiation by Nuclide aspeciesof anatomwithspecificnumberofprotons andneutrons Half life thetimetakenforhalf ofthe radioactivenuclei in a sampletodecay 15 IonizingRadiation Particulate alphaparticles heliumnuclei Betaparticles electrons or positrons Electromagnetic V raysandgamma rays TestReviewwithChris 77 questions first35 allmatching Teston Wednesday Whatchargedoesa protonhave Positive 1 Whatchargedoes a neutronhave 0 neutral Whatchargedoes a electronhave negative Howmanyprotons are in an oxygenatom 8 Howmanyprotons are in an hydrogenatom I If wehaveH20 water howmanyprotons arethere 10 Isotopehastocomefromthesameelement itcan't bedifferent Acarbon 12atomhassixprotons aretheregoingtobeany intheMshell No Howmanyelectronscanthevalenceshellholdmaximum 8 Hegivesussomeelementsandaskwhichonehasthehighest KshellbondingenergyWhatare yougonnalookforThenumberofprotons thatsthenumberofpositivechargesthatholdthe K shellelectron intheorbits HorizontalRows Periods Valenceshellistheoutermostshellof anelectron Whatdoesthegroupindicateontheperiodictable Vertical andthenumberofelectrons inthe outermost shell isthegroup  I er Howbigisa proton or aneutron compared tothemassof an electron 2,000timesthe sizeof an electroniswhata proton is ora neutronmass underfundamental elements in thenotes Theformulafordetermininghowmanyelectrons a shell canholdis 2m youdotheexponentfirstcauseoforderofoperation andthenyoumultiplyby 2 Knowprotons neutrons nucleonselectronsand anythinglike that in nucleusprotons and neutrons Whatis a compound acompound ismadeupofmorethanoneelement Whatistheformulaforvelocity wavelengthtimes frequency Whatistheformulaforwavelength velocitydivided byfrequency whatchargedoes an neutronhave Electrons have a charge of 1 If its a neutralatom theprotonequals the number ofelectrons if itsneutral orstab If weremove an electronfromitsorbitdoesthat atomnow have a netpositive ornegat Charge Positive If we removea protonfromthenucleus whathappens becomes a differentelement definitionofwavelength definition of frequency formula velocitydividedbywavelength Nitrogenicinfection causedby doctors Whats a fomite somethingthatvirus orbacteriatravels on levbookkey Whats avector ittransmitsaninfectionfromonehosttothenext matching differenttypesofenergy inbook radiation electromagneticenergy thermalenergy ionization  weight Kineticenergy potential energy atom molecule isotopeandotheronesinthebook Frequency Wavelength wavelength frequencyinverselyrelated radioactivehalf life bindingenergy doesacalcium kshellor atungsten kshellhavemoreelectronbindingenergy tungston more protons Isomer massnumber atomicnumber covalentbonding ionicbonding molecule element nucleus mass isotone Studybook ws andnotes