BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) Quizlet PDF

1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Name: Score: 20 Multiple choice questions Definition...

1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Name: Score: 20 Multiple choice questions Definition 1 of 20 Reinforces platelet plug with fibrin threads - Blood clots are effective in sealing larger vessel breaks Blood is transformed from liquid to gel Series of reactions use clotting factors (procoagulants). mostly plasma proteins - Numbered I to XIII in order of discovery - Vitamin K (helps clot) needed to synthesize 4 factors Step 2: Platelet plug formation Step 3: Coagulation (blood clotting) Leukopoisesis (Leukocytes) White Blood Cells (Leukocyte) Disorders https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 1/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 2 of 20 Platelet formation is regulated by thrombopoietin Formed in myeloid line from megakaryocyte Stage IV megakaryocyte sends cytoplasmic projections into lumen of capillary - Projections break off into platelet fragments Platelets age quickly and degenerate in about 10 days Red Blood Cell Destruction Agglutination Platelet Formation Hemostasis https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 2/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 3 of 20 Slightly larger than RBC Large spherical nucleus surrounded by thin rim of cytoplasm T cell & B cells (Specific) - important in immunity B cells produce antibodies 25%-33% of leukocytes (2nd greatest in Blood) May survive for several months - years ↑Lymphocytosis ↓Lymphocytopenia Neutrophils Basophils Monocytes Lymphocytes https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 3/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 4 of 20 Procedure used to count number of WBCs per cubic millimeter of blood 5,000-10,000 per cubic meter of blood Differential WBC count - lists percentages of types of leukocytes - may change in particular diseases Blood Plateles - Thrombocytes White Blood Cells (Leukocyte) Disorders Step 1: Vascular spasm White Blood Cells (Leukocyte) Count Definition 5 of 20 Blood doping Blood Types for Transfusion Positive Chemotaxis ABO Blood Group https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 4/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 6 of 20 Clumping of cells - Antibody will only bind with specific antigens when mixed together Agglutination Hemostasis Polycythemia Fibrinolysis Definition 7 of 20 (Anticoagulant) Antiprostaglandin that inhibits thromboxane A2 Lowers heart attack incidence by 50 percent Ibuprofen Warfarin Aspirin Heparin Definition 8 of 20 All leukocytes originate from stem cell that branches into two pathways: 1. Lymphoid stem cells produce lymphocytes 2. Myeloid stem cells produce all other elements Fibrinolysis Hemocytoblast Anticoagulants Eosinophils https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 5/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 9 of 20 Patients cannot or have reduced clotting Hemophilia Anemia Thrombus Thrombocytopenia Definition 10 of 20 Platelets Cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryoctyes (Purple "granules") - megakaryoctyes = Precursor to Thrombrocytes megakaryoctyes No nucleus Live 10 days Important role in clotting (platelet plug) - normal = 150,000-400,000 platelets/ml of blood Monocytes Warfarin Lymphocytes Blood Plateles - Thrombocytes https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 6/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 11 of 20 Human blood groups RBC membranes bear at least 30 naturally occurring RBC antigens - Antigen: anything perceived as foreign that can generate an immune response - RBC antigens are referred to as agglutinogens because they promote agglutination Presence or absence of each antigen is used to classify blood cells into different groups. Not all Antigens (blood groups) are typed- are only weak agglutinogens. Antigens of ABO & Rh blood groups cause most vigorous transfusion reactions; therefore, they are major groups typed Mismatched transfused blood is perceived as foreign and may be agglutinated and destroyed Potentially fatal reaction Antigen, Antibody, Agglutination Step 1: Vascular spasm Blood Plateles - Thrombocytes Blood Types for Transfusion Blood Transfusing of RBC Definition 12 of 20 Graulocytes (3) - Neutrophils - Eosinophils - Basophils Agranulocytes (2) - Lymphocytes - Monocytes Types of Leukocytes Diapadesis Step 1: Vascular spasm Anticoagulants https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 7/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 13 of 20 Platelets stick to collagen fibers that are exposed when vessel is damaged - Platelets do no stick to intact vessel walls because collagen is not exposed Von Willebrand factor helps to stabilize platelet-collagen adhesion When activated, platelets swell, become spiked and sticky, and release chemical messengers (both pos. feedback): 1. ADP causes more platelets to stick and release their contents 2. Serotonin and thromboxane A2 enhance vascular spasm and platelet aggregation Cycle: as more platelets stick, they release more chemicals, which cause more platelets to stick and release more chemicals White Blood Cells (Leukocyte) Count Platelet Formation Step 3: Coagulation (blood clotting) Step 2: Platelet plug formation https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 8/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 14 of 20 Chemical inside blood triggers blood coagulation Triggered by Hageman factor (found inside blood) Triggered when blood contacts a foreign surface Hemostasis Agglutination Platelet Plug Formation Intrinsic Clotting Mechanism Definition 15 of 20 Abnormal proliferation of specific WBC - all fatal if not treated Named according to abnormal WBC clone involved - Myeloid leukemia involves myeloblast descendants - Lymphocytic leukemia involves lymphocytes - Acute leukemia derives from stem cells; primarily affects children (quickly) - Chronic leukemia more prevalent in older people (slow) Immature nonfunctional WBCs in bloodstream Death from internal hemorrhage; overwhelming infections Treatments - Irradiation, antileukemic drugs; stem cell transplants Leukopenia usually due to drugs reducing WBC Diapadesis Hemostasis Leukemia Leukopenia https://quizlet.com/567138713/test?funnelUUID=d13fc341-dcbb-497b-be02-d5329d447b10 9/12 1/28/25, 9:04 PM BIO 168 Week 2 Pt. 2 (Exam 1) | Quizlet Definition 16 of 20 (Disorders of Hemostasis) Petechiae appear as a result of spontaneous, widespread hemorrhage Due to suppression or destruction of red bone marrow (examples: malignancy, radiation, or drugs) Platelet count