Quiz-Decoding the Genome: A Quiz on Gene Structure and Transcription PDF

Suraasa Quiz Generator Decoding the Genome: A Quiz on Gene Structure and Transcription Title Decoding The Genome: A Quiz On Gene Structure And Transcription Topic Fine Structure Of Gene  RNA Polymerases  Transcription Factors And Machinery  Formation Of Initiation Compl...

Suraasa Quiz Generator Decoding the Genome: A Quiz on Gene Structure and Transcription Title Decoding The Genome: A Quiz On Gene Structure And Transcription Topic Fine Structure Of Gene  RNA Polymerases  Transcription Factors And Machinery  Formation Of Initiation Complex  Initiation, Elongation And Termination Of Transcription In Prokaryotes And Eukaryotes Country Class/Grade Curriculum Subject Difficulty Level India Bsc Bsc Hons. Zoology Advanced Number Of Questions Number Of Individual Questions Number Of Comprehension Passages 30 24 2 Number Of Questions (In Each Passage) 3 Decoding the Genome: A Quiz on Gene Structure and Transcription Created By Anant Srivastava Standalone Questions: Questions 1. Which of the following components is NOT a part of a nucleotide? Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate group Amino acid Nitrogenous base 2. The DNA double helix is primarily stabilized by: Phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides Hydrogen bonds between complementary bases Ionic interactions between phosphate groups Covalent bonds between sugar molecules 3. Which type of RNA molecule carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis? mRNA Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz  tRNA rRNA snRNA 4. The region of a gene where RNA polymerase initially binds to initiate transcription is called the: Promoter Operator Enhancer Terminator 5. Introns are: Coding sequences that are translated into proteins Non-coding sequences that are transcribed but removed during RNA processing Regulatory sequences that control gene expression Structural components of ribosomes 6. Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing mRNA in eukaryotic cells? RNA Polymerase I RNA Polymerase II RNA Polymerase III RNA Polymerase IV 7. Transcription factors are: Enzymes that catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds during transcription Proteins that bind to DNA and regulate the rate of transcription Structural components of ribosomes Molecules that transport amino acids to the ribosome during translation 8. The mediator complex plays a crucial role in: DNA replication RNA splicing Transcription initiation Protein folding 9. The unwinding of the DNA double helix during transcription creates a: Replication fork Transcription bubble Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz  Promoter region Terminator sequence 10. In prokaryotic transcription, the sigma factor is essential for: Promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase Elongation of the RNA transcript Termination of transcription RNA splicing 11. Rho-dependent and Rho-independent mechanisms are involved in: Transcription initiation in prokaryotes Transcription termination in prokaryotes RNA splicing in eukaryotes Protein synthesis in ribosomes 12. In eukaryotic transcription, the polyadenylation signal sequence is important for: Initiation of transcription Elongation of the RNA transcript Termination of transcription and addition of a poly(A) tail Splicing of the RNA transcript 13. Which of the following base pairs in DNA is held together by three hydrogen bonds? Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) Adenine (A) and Uracil (U) Guanine (G) and Thymine (T) 14. The directionality of DNA and RNA synthesis always proceeds in the: 3' to 5' direction 5' to 3' direction N-terminus to C-terminus direction C-terminus to N-terminus direction 15. Which of the following statements about RNA polymerase is INCORRECT? It synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction. It requires a primer to initiate RNA synthesis. It uses a DNA template to guide RNA synthesis. Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz  It can unwind the DNA double helix to create a transcription bubble. 16. The genetic code is said to be degenerate because: Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid A single codon can code for multiple amino acids The genetic code is different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes The genetic code is constantly changing over time 17. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic gene expression? Presence of introns in genes Transcription and translation occur simultaneously mRNA processing, including capping, splicing, and polyadenylation Regulation of gene expression at multiple levels 18. The process of removing introns and joining exons together during RNA processing is called: Transcription Translation RNA splicing DNA replication 19. Which of the following statements about transcription factors is TRUE? They are always activators of gene expression. They bind to DNA sequences non-specifically. They can either enhance or repress transcription. They are only found in prokaryotic cells. 20. The TATA box is a common: Promoter element in eukaryotes Terminator sequence in prokaryotes Ribosome binding site in mRNA Origin of replication in DNA 21. Enhancers are DNA sequences that: Promote the termination of transcription Enhance the rate of translation Increase the rate of transcription Inhibit the binding of RNA polymerase Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz 22. Which of the following processes does NOT occur in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells? DNA replication Transcription RNA splicing Translation 23. The poly(A) tail added to the 3' end of eukaryotic mRNA molecules: Protects the mRNA from degradation Facilitates the transport of mRNA out of the nucleus Aids in the initiation of translation All of the above 24. Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription? Prokaryotes use RNA polymerase II for mRNA synthesis, while eukaryotes use RNA polymerase I. Prokaryotic mRNA molecules undergo extensive processing, including capping, splicing, and polyadenylation, while eukaryotic mRNA molecules do not. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously, while eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotes have multiple transcription factors that regulate gene expression, while eukaryotes have only a few. Answers: 1. Amino acid 2. Hydrogen bonds between complementary bases 3. mRNA 4. Promoter 5. Non-coding sequences that are transcribed but removed during RNA processing 6. RNA Polymerase II 7. Proteins that bind to DNA and regulate the rate of transcription 8. Transcription initiation 9. Transcription bubble 10. Promoter recognition and binding of RNA polymerase 11. Transcription termination in prokaryotes 12. Termination of transcription and addition of a poly(A) tail 13. Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz 14. 5' to 3' direction 15. It requires a primer to initiate RNA synthesis. 16. Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid 17. Transcription and translation occur simultaneously 18. RNA splicing 19. They can either enhance or repress transcription. 20. Promoter element in eukaryotes 21. Increase the rate of transcription 22. Translation 23. All of the above 24. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously, while eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. Comprehension Passage 1: Passages In the bustling city of a cell, DNA acts as the master architect, holding the blueprints for life. These blueprints are organized into genes, segments of DNA that encode for functional products like proteins. However, not all parts of a gene are directly used in protein synthesis. Introns, the non-coding regions, are like unnecessary detours in the blueprint. During transcription, these introns are transcribed into RNA but are later removed in a process called splicing. The remaining coding regions, called exons, are then joined together to form the final blueprint for protein synthesis. Questions: 1. What is the primary function of a gene? To store genetic information for building and maintaining an organism. To regulate the transport of molecules across the cell membrane. To catalyze biochemical reactions within the cell. To provide structural support to the cell. 2. What is the difference between introns and exons? Introns are coding sequences, while exons are non-coding sequences. Introns are transcribed but not translated, while exons are both transcribed and translated. Introns are found in prokaryotes, while exons are found in eukaryotes. Introns are shorter than exons. 3. What is the purpose of splicing during RNA processing? Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz  To add a cap and tail to the RNA molecule. To remove introns and join exons, creating the mature mRNA. To transport the mRNA molecule out of the nucleus. To initiate the translation of mRNA into protein. Answers: 1. To store genetic information for building and maintaining an organism. 2. Introns are transcribed but not translated, while exons are both transcribed and translated. 3. To remove introns and join exons, creating the mature mRNA. Passage 2: Imagine a team of dedicated construction workers meticulously following blueprints to build a complex protein structure. In this scenario, RNA polymerase acts as the diligent foreman, responsible for reading and transcribing the DNA blueprint into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA molecule then carries the genetic instructions from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes, the protein synthesis machinery in the cytoplasm. Just like a construction crew relies on different tools and specialists, the process of transcription requires a complex interplay of enzymes, proteins, and regulatory elements to ensure accurate and efficient protein production. Questions: 1. Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA from DNA during transcription? DNA polymerase RNA polymerase Helicase Ligase 2. Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells? Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Golgi apparatus 3. What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis? It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes. It provides the amino acids required for protein synthesis. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. It helps fold the polypeptide chain into its correct three-dimensional structure. Answers: Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz 1. RNA polymerase 2. Nucleus 3. It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes. Generate your own at suraasa.com/ai/quiz