Questions on Cells and Directions PDF

WHERE, WHY, AND WHAT? 33 REVIEW EXERCISES Multiple Choice Choose the correct answer. 1. Lateral means 8. The medical term for lying down is a. near the beginning...

WHERE, WHY, AND WHAT? 33 REVIEW EXERCISES Multiple Choice Choose the correct answer. 1. Lateral means 8. The medical term for lying down is a. near the beginning a. lateral b. near the front b. sternal c. toward the side c. recumbent d. toward midline d. surface 2. The sagittal plane divides the body into 9. The medical term for increase in size of an organ, tissue, or cell is a. cranial and caudal portions b. left and right portions a. atrophy c. equal left and right halves b. hypertrophy d. dorsal and ventral portions c. dystrophy d. hyperplasia 3. The paw is ______ to the shoulder. 10. The medical term for the caudal surface of the a. caudal rear paw, hoof, or foot is b. cranial c. proximal a. ventral d. distal b. dorsal c. palmar 4. The transverse plane divides the body into d. plantar a. cranial and caudal portions 11. The term for toward the midline is b. left and right portions a. medial c. equal left and right halves b. lateral d. dorsal and ventral portions c. proximal 5. The lining of the abdominal cavity and some of d. distal its organs is called the 12. The term for nearest the midline or the begin- a. mesentery ning of a structure is b. peritoneum a. medial c. thoracum b. lateral d. membrane c. proximal 6. The study of structure, composition, and function d. distal of tissues is called 13. The term for away from the midline is a. cytology a. medial b. histology b. lateral c. pathology c. proximal d. organology d. distal 7. The ______ plane divides the body into dorsal and 14. The term for farthest from the midline or begin- ventral portions. ning of a structure is a. sagittal a. medial b. midsagittal b. lateral c. dorsal c. proximal d. transverse d. distal 34 CHAPTER 2 15. The term that refers to the back is 21. Which of the following is the only horizontal a. ventral plane in quadrupeds? b. dorsal a. midsagittal c. cranial b. dorsal d. caudal c. sagittal d. transverse 16. The term that means toward the tail is a. ventral 22. Which of the following best describes dermato b. dorsal and cutaneo? c. cranial a. They are both roots that mean gland. d. caudal b. They are both roots but have different meanings. 17. The term that means toward the head is c. They are both combining forms that mean a. ventral skin. b. dorsal d. One is a prefix and one is a suffix. c. cranial 23. Which two terms have prefixes denoting d. caudal numbers? 18. The term that refers to the belly or underside of a a. hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia body is b. preanesthetic and postanesthetic a. ventral c. bilateral and unilateral b. dorsal d. polyuria and oliguria c. cranial 24. The term that is opposite of caudal is d. caudal a. proximal 19. Which type of tissue covers internal and external b. cranial body surfaces? c. superficial a. adipose d. plantar b. epithelial 25. The term that is opposite of medial is c. connective a. lateral d. cytoplasm b. cephalic 20. The term for a hole or hollow space in the body c. rostral that contains and protects internal organs is d. ventral a. abdomen b. peritoneal c. cavity d. membrane  WHERE, WHY, AND WHAT? 35 Matching Match the number in Column I with its prefix in Column II. Each number may have more than one correct answer. Column I Column II 1. ______ one a. hept- 2. ______ two b. mono- 3. ______ three c. tri- 4. ______ four d. deka- 5. ______ five e. duo- 6. ______ six f. uni- 7. ______ seven g. penta- 8. ______ eight h. octo- 9. ______ nine i. quadri-, quadro- 10. ______ ten j. tetra- k. sex- l. nonus- m. deca- n. quinqu- Match the pathology term in Column I with its definition in Column II. Column I Column II a. abnormal growth or development of an organ 11. ______ anaplasia or a tissue or a cell 12. ______ aplasia b. a change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other 13. ______ dysplasia c. an abnormal increase in the number of nor- mal cells in normal arrangement in an organ, 14. ______ hyperplasia a tissue, or a cell d. incomplete or less than normal development 15. ______ hypoplasia of an organ, a tissue, or a cell e. lack of development of an organ, a tissue, or a cell 36 CHAPTER 2 Match the definition in Column I with its word part in Column II Column I Column II 16. ______ fat a. aden/o 17. ______front b. adip/o 18. ______gland c. anteri/o 19. ______study of d. caud/o 20. ______cell e. -logy 21. ______head f. cyt/o 22. ______rear of the body g. cephal/o 23. ______toward the tail h. hist/o 24. ______formation of cell size i. path/o 25. ______mouth j. -trophy 26. ______formation of cell number k. -oma 27. ______first l. or/o 28. ______tumor m. posteri/o 29. ______disease n. -plasia 30. ______tissue o. prot/o Match the term in Column I with its definition in Column II Column I Column II a. branch of biological science that studies and 31. ______anatomy describes how body parts work or function 32. ______pathophysiology b. branch of biological science that studies the structure of body parts 33. ______etiology c. branch of biological science that studies how disease changes the function of the body 34. ______physiology d. branch of biological science that studies the causes of disease 35. ______ pathology e. branch of biological science that studies the nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions  WHERE, WHY, AND WHAT? 37 Fill in the Blanks Write the medical term or description to complete the following sentences. 1. The __________________________ is also known as the navel. 2. __________________________ glands secrete chemical substances directly into the bloodstream. 3. A(n) __________________________ is any new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells is uncon- trolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive. 4. A(n) __________________________ is a deviation from what is regarded as normal. 5. The __________________________ cavity contains the heart and lungs. 6. The caudal surface of the front paw, foot, or hoof is the __________________________ surface. 7. The shoulder is __________________________ to the pelvis. 8. A(n) __________________________ is the basic structural unit of the body. 9. The stomach is located __________________________ to the heart. 10. __________________________ is the palmar or plantar movement of joint angles. 11. Another term for groin is __________________________. 12. The __________________________ is a layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine in the abdominal cavity. 13. __________________________ is the suffix for formative material of cells. 14. Not malignant is __________________________. 15. The five combining forms for uterus are __________________________, __________________________, __________________________, __________________________, and __________________________. 16. The plane that divides the animal into equal right and left halves is the __________________________. 17. The plane that divides the animal into cranial and caudal parts is the __________________________. 18. The study of body structure is called __________________________. 19. The study of body function is called __________________________. 20. The aspect of the tooth of the mandible that faces the tongue is called the __________________________. 21. The aspect of the tooth that faces the cheek is called the __________________________. 22. Movement toward the midline is known as __________________________. 23. Movement away from the midline is known as __________________________. 24. Groups of specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body are known as __________________________. 25. A part of the body that performs a special function or functions is known as a(n) __________________________. 38 CHAPTER 2 True or False If the statement is true, write T on the line. If the statement is false, write F on the line. 1. ______The abdominal cavity contains the major organs of digestion. 2. ______The term lateral means the direction toward or nearer the midline. 3. ______The parietal peritoneum is the outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal cavity. 4. ______The layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine in the abdominal cavity is the umbilicus. 5. ______The term inguinal refers to the entire caudal region of the abdomen adjacent to the thigh. Spelling Cross out any misspelled words in the following sentences and replace them with the proper spelling. 1. The mesantry is a layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine in the abdominal cavity. __________________________ 2. Hypretrophy is a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ due to an increase in the size, but not the number, of cells in tissue. __________________________ 3. The protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body is formed by epithealial tis- sue. __________________________ 4. An abnomolly is any deviation from what is regarded as normal. __________________________ 5. Lack of development of cell numbers in an organ or a tissue is aplazia. __________________________ 6. The term retroperetonal means superficial to the peretoneum. __________________________ 7. The imbilikus is the pit in the abdominal wall marking the point where the imbilikal cord entered the fetus. __________________________ 8. The caudal region of the abdomen adjacent to the thigh is the inguynal area. __________________________ 9. The oclusal surfaces are the aspects of the teeth that meet when you chew.__________________________ 10. A body kavity is a hole or hollow space in the body that contains and protects internal organs.__________________________