Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Questions - Biology PDF

What are the reactants in the Calvin Cycle? CO2, NADP+, ATP CO2, NADPH, ATP GP3, CO2, NADPH NADP+, ADP, P Where do the light reactions in photosynthesis take place? Thylakoid lumen Stroma Thylakoid membrane Granum Where does photosynthesis take place? Vein Lower Epidermis Cuticle Pali...

What are the reactants in the Calvin Cycle? CO2, NADP+, ATP CO2, NADPH, ATP GP3, CO2, NADPH NADP+, ADP, P Where do the light reactions in photosynthesis take place? Thylakoid lumen Stroma Thylakoid membrane Granum Where does photosynthesis take place? Vein Lower Epidermis Cuticle Palisade Mesophyll Which of the following occurs during the light reactions in photosynthesis? Carbon Fixation Release of Oxygen Regeneration of RuBP Reduction of PGA molecules What is an obligate anaerobe? An organism that cannot survive without oxygen An organism that cannot survive with oxygen An organism that can survive with or without oxygen An organism that can survive in any conditions but thrive with oxygen What is NOT a characteristic of an endergonic reaction? It is not spontaneous The products have less free energy than the reactants Energy is absorbed from surroundings Change in free energy is positive If a pigment absorbs red and blue light and reflects green and yellow light, what color would you see? Purple Blue and Red Green and yellow Orange After running up a flight of stairs, a student notices they are breathing heavily. What is happening at the cellular level to restore homeostasis? Their mitochondria are using more glucose to increase ATP production. Their body is replenishing oxygen so the electron transport chain can continue producing ATP. Their cells are switching to fermentation to produce more ATP. Their bloodstream is removing excess carbon dioxide to decrease ATP demand. A scientist isolates a plant leaf and exposes it to a light source. However, even with plenty of light, ATP production in the chloroplasts is low. What’s the most likely reason? The plant has too much oxygen, which blocks the light reactions. The plant has enough stored ATP and doesn’t need to make more. The chloroplasts are running low on water, so photolysis isn’t occurring. The Calvin cycle has stopped, preventing ATP from being used. A hiker at high altitude struggles with low oxygen levels. How will their cellular respiration be affected? More ATP will be produced because oxygen isn’t needed for glycolysis. The electron transport chain will slow down, leading to less ATP production. The Krebs cycle will speed up to compensate for the oxygen loss. Lactic acid fermentation will shut down the mitochondria completely. Your friend decides to go on an extreme diet, eating almost no carbohydrates. After a few days, they feel weak and sluggish. Which cellular process is most affected? Glycolysis, because glucose is the main fuel for ATP production. The electron transport chain, because fats cannot be used for energy. The Krebs cycle, because it can only break down sugars, not proteins. Photosynthesis, because their cells need more light to make energy. Why do plants close their stomata on hot, dry days, and what is the consequence? To prevent dehydration, but this reduces CO2 intake and slows photosynthesis. To increase oxygen intake, which helps the Calvin cycle. To store more water, which speeds up the light reactions. To absorb more sunlight, making photosynthesis more efficient. A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that reduces their ability to produce ATP. What symptoms would you expect? Increased muscle endurance and energy levels. Fatigue, muscle weakness, and difficulty with high-energy activities. Faster metabolism and increased body temperature. Higher oxygen consumption due to increased ATP demand. Why do photosynthetic organisms rely on the electron transport chain in both chloroplasts and mitochondria? To produce ATP using a proton gradient. To store oxygen for cellular respiration. To prevent oxygen from damaging organelles. To recycle carbon dioxide back into glucose. A runner finishes a race and breathes heavily for several minutes. Why is this necessary? To bring in more carbon dioxide for cellular respiration. To replenish oxygen so the electron transport chain can function properly. To increase ATP production by using anaerobic respiration. To decrease the acidity of their muscles by removing hydrogen ions. A plant is exposed to a toxin that blocks Rubisco. What effect would this have? The plant would be unable to fix CO2 into organic molecules. The plant would produce excess ATP but no sugars. The light reactions would completely shut down. The electron transport chain in mitochondria would stop. A student tests photosynthesis rates in a plant under different conditions. Condition O2 Produced (mL/hr) Light, CO2 present 10 Dark, CO2 present 1 Light, no CO2 2 What conclusion is best supported by this data? Light is necessary for oxygen production, but CO2 is not. Photosynthesis occurs only in the dark. Photosynthesis is maximized when both light and CO2 are present. Plants do not need CO2 for photosynthesis. A biologist examines ATP production in two bacterial samples Sample A is exposed to oxygen. Sample B is placed in an anaerobic environment. Which result would best support known cellular respiration pathways? Sample A produces significantly more ATP than Sample B. Both samples produce the same amount of ATP. Sample B produces more ATP than Sample A. Neither sample produces ATP without light exposure. A scientist develops a pesticide that blocks ATP synthase in insects. What is the most likely effect of this pesticide? The insect will produce more ATP than normal, increasing metabolism. The insect’s cells will run out of ATP, leading to energy failure. The Krebs cycle will produce more NADH to compensate for lost ATP. The electron transport chain will speed up, producing excess oxygen. During photosynthesis, what molecules do the light-dependent reactions generate that are used in the Calvin Cycle? Oxygen and glucose CO2 and H2O FADH2 and NADH NADPH and ATP What stage is the majority of ATP produced in during the aerobic cellular respiration? Electron Transport Chain Glycolysis Kreb Cycle Fermentation Which part of the chloroplast do light-independent reactions occur in? Thylakoid Cytoplasm Stroma Mitochondria If the proton gradient in the mitochondria was disrupted, which process would be affected? ATP synthesis Glycolysis Production of NADH Oxidation of H2O into O2 Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor during cellular respiration? FADH2 NADH CO2 O2 Why do many plants appear green? They only absorb green light They reflect green light and absorb red and blue wavelengths They absorb all wavelengths at an equal rate They absorb green light and reflect other wavelengths During cellular respiration, which of the following processes produces the least amount of ATP Glycolysis ETC Krebs cycle Pyruvate oxidation Which of the following describes enzyme specificity? Each enzyme in the body is unique All substrates bind to an enzyme’s active site Only a specific substrate will bind to an enzyme’s active site Enzymes only work in a specific environment What type of reaction is cellular respiration? Exergonic Catabolic Endergonic Anabolic Fermentation is another name for..? Krebs Cycle Glycolysis Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration What does the enzyme RuBisCo do? Catalyze ATP production Catalyze the bonding of CO2 to ribulose bisphosphate in the Calvin Cycle Catalyze production of hexose sugar molecules Catalyzes G3P production