21st Century Lit 11 Q2 Mod2 PDF

lOMoARcPSD|16288064 21st Century Lit 11 Q2 Mod2 Understanding-and-Appreciating-the-Literary-Texts Version 2 Information technology (Aklan State University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorse...

lOMoARcPSD|16288064 21st Century Lit 11 Q2 Mod2 Understanding-and-Appreciating-the-Literary-Texts Version 2 Information technology (Aklan State University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 21st Century Literatures from the Philippines and the World Quarter 2 – Module 2 Understanding and Appreciating the Literary Texts in Various Genres Across National Literature and Cultures Department of Education Republic of the Philippines Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 21st Century Literatures from the Philippines and the World Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 2: Understanding and Appreciating the Literary Texts in Various Genres Across National Literature and Cultures First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education – Region X – Northern Mindanao. Development Team of the Module Writers: Noemi M. Abellanosa, Emmalyn L. Achacoso, El Dela Cruz and Jade Ann R. Maaliao Content Editor: Juvy S. Iliwiliw Language Editor: Glenn Dale P. Eli Proofreader: Analyn S. Parojenog Illustrator: Mark Anthony V. Ilajas Layout Artist: Rheza Mae M. Pacut Development Team: Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III Regional Director Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V Assistant Regional Director Jonathan S. dela Peña, PhD, CESO V Schools Division Superintendent Rowena H. Para-on, PhD Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD Members: Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., PhD, EPS-ADM; Erlinda G. Dael, PhD, CID Chief; Maria Teresa M. Absin, EPS (English); Celieto B. Magsayo, LRMS Manager; Loucile L. Paclar, Librarian II; Kim Eric G. Lubguban, PDO II Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education - Alternative Delivery Mode (DepEd-ADM) Office Address: Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang, Zone 1, Cagayan de Oro City, Cagayan de Oro, Lalawigan ng Misamis Oriental Telefax: ________________________________________________ E-mail Address: ________________________________________________ i Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 21st Century Literatures from the Philippines and the World Quarter 2 – Module 2 Understanding and Appreciating the Literary Texts in Various Genres Across National Literature and Cultures This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at [email protected]. We value your feedback and recommendations. Department of Education Republic of the Philippines ii Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 iii Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Cover page i Copyright page ii Table of Contents iv SECOND QUARTER - MODULE 2 What I Need to Know 1 What Should I Expect 1 LESSON 1- Representative Texts and Authors from Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Africa What Should I Expect 3 What I Know 3 What is it 4 What’s in 5 Assessment 14 What’s More 15 LESSON 2 - 21st Century Literature Genres and their Elements, Structures and Traditions from Across the Globe What Should I Expect 19 What I Know 19 What’s In 20 What is it 20 Assessment 27 What’s More 28 Additional Activities 29 What I Learned 29 LESSON 3 - Multimedia Skills in Interpreting Texts What Should I Expect 30 What I Know 30 What is it 32 Assessment 33 What’s In 34 What’s More 36 LESSON 4 - ICT Skills in Literary Text Adaptation What Should I Expect 38 What I Know 38 What is it 40 What’s In 42 Additional Activities 43 LESSON 5 - Self - and /or Peer-Assessment What Should I Expect 45 What’s in 45 Additional Activities 50 What I Have Learned 51 REFERENCES 52 iv Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW This learning material contains concepts and activities that will help the learner understand and appreciate literary genres, traditions and forms from different national literature and cultures, namely, Asian, Anglo-American, European, Latin American, and African. For the understanding and appreciation of national literatures and cultures, a learner must first and foremost identify representative texts and authors from the different regions of the world. Moreover, this module aims to develop the ICT skills of the learners in creating adaptations of some foreign and Philippine literary texts for creative presentations with the use of multimedia platforms. It also hopes to equip the learners with the most essential learning competencies contained in this module so that they could acquire the necessary technical skills to accomplish the tasks. This module has three parts. Part one (1) deals about multimedia forms and skills of interpreting literary texts. Part two (2) deals on ICT skills in literary adaptation. Part three (3) Self or Peer Assessment of Creative Adaptation with the use of Rationalized Criteria Every part of the module has mini-grammar integration to refresh the learners with the basic grammar rules and writing activities utilizing pictures, videos and PowerPoint presentations which have been proven as effective instructional materials in improving the writing skills of the students. WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT After studying this module, the learners shall be able to: 1. write a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts, applying a reading approach, and doing an adaptation of these, require from the learner the ability to identify representative texts and authors from Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Africa; 2. compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and their elements, structures, and traditions from across the globe; 1 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 3. produce a creative representation of a literary text by applying multimedia and ICT skills; and 4. do self- and/or peer-assessment of the creative adaptation of a literary text, based on rationalized criteria, prior to presentation. Now, let us start discussing all the topics in module 2. GOOD LUCK AS YOU BEGIN THIS MODULE! 2 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 REPRESENTATIVE TEXTS AND LESSON AUTHORS FROM ASIA, NORTH 1 AMERICA, EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, AND AFRICA Learning Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Africa, EN12Lit-IIa-22 (4 hours). WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to: 1. understand the nature of world literature; 2. enumerate representative texts and authors from Asia, North America, Europe Latin America and Africa; and 3. appreciate the contribution of these authors and texts to world literature. WHAT I KNOW Recall what you learned about the literature of the world. Where do these continental countries belong? 1. Japan 7. Egypt 2. Korea 8. Kenya 3. Colombia 9. Tanzania 4. Greece 10. China 5. Spain 11. Mexico 6. Portugal 12. USA 3 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 13. Haiku is an example of ___literature. a. Chinese Literature b. Japanese Literature c. Indian literature 14. Mahabharata is an oldest epic of ___. a. India b. America c. China 15. The book “One Thousand and One Nights or Arabian Nights” was originated in ___. a. Palestine b. China c. Saudi Arabia 16. An influential and sacred book of the Islams. a. Bible b. Canterbury Tales c. Koran 17. “Shih Ching” is translated in English or sometimes as “The Book of Songs” or “The Odes” was originated in ___. a. China b. Japan c. Malaysia 18. Puritan Literature was a reflection of ___ a. Filipino life b. Puritan life c. Japanese life 19. An influential book for Christians. It talks about Christianity. a. Bible b. Canterbury Tales c. Koran 20. It refers to the literature that was written over a period of thousands of years, in a variety of countries in Asia. a. Asian literature b. Latin American Literature c. North American Literature (Source: "World Literature. Literature in Different Countries. Academic Writing." Ozzz.org, ozzz.org/world-literature/. Accessed 11 May 2020.) WHAT IS IT What is World Literature? World literature is the totality of all national literatures. The formation of literature in different countries happened not at the same time, which is connected with the emergence of writing and artistic creativity. Each nation`s literature has its own artistic and national features. World literature is very important for the studying, still the literature of one country develops together with other national literatures. They 4 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 enrich each other borrowing certain literary elements. There are a lot of scientific works on world literature, which explain the peculiarities of this phenomenon. As a concept, world literature emerged only in the 19th century when the literary connections of different countries had spread and strengthened. The term “world literature” was introduced by Jogann Wolfgang von Goethe. He used the word “Weltliteratur” in 1827. Goethe studied the characteristic features and interrelationships of different national literatures, the tendencies of their development and their achievements. He studied the works of famous writers which presented different literary phenomena of different historic periods. He claimed that literature shouldn`t be restrained by national boundaries. In 1894 the world saw the first book about world literature – “The History of World Literature”. The world literature emerged because of the development of global economic and cultural relations. This global literary process was also caused by the rapid development of national literatures. In the history of world literature, we define several stages of its development such as the literature of Bronze Age, Classical Literature, Early Medieval Literature, Medieval Literature, Early Modern and Modern Literature. World literature is the cultural heritage of all humanity. It is essential to study world literature as it helps us understand the life of different people from all over the world, forms our world-outlook and acquaints us with the masterpieces of literature. In your notebook, explain in three (3) sentences what the statement ‘World literature is the cultural heritage of all humanity’ means to you. WHAT’S IN It’s time for a ‘Brainergizer’! Before you get to know some awesome authors from the different parts of the world, let’s first test your knowledge through this true or false trivia game. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false. You can write your answers in your notebook. Be sure to not ask Mr. Google while doing this activity. 1. The language of the Rom, or Gypsy, people comes from India. 2. English is related to German. 3. The poet W. B. Yeats was from England. 4. Kenyan author Ngugi wa Thiong’o always writes in English. 5. The Sound and the Fury is a sonnet by William Shakespeare. 6. No South African has won a Nobel Prize in literature. 5 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 7. The words chortle and galumph were both invented by Lewis Carroll. 8. The Brothers Grimm, authors of fairy tales such as “Hansel and Gretel,” were from Germany. 9. Jeppe Aakjær was a noted Danish explorer. 10. Agatha Christie wrote only novels. How well did you do in this trivia game? Now let us get to know some representative authors from different regions in the world and their works. SOME NOTABLE WRITERS IN ASIA Tan Twan Eng Tan Twan Eng was born in Penang and lived in various places in Malaysia as a child. He studied law at the University of London and later worked as lawyer in one of Kuala Lumpur’s most reputable law firms; in 2016, he was an International Writer-in-Residence at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. Tan's first novel, The Gift of Rain (2007), was longlisted for the Man Booker Prize and has been translated into Italian, Spanish, Greek, Romanian, Czech and Serbian. The Garden of Evening Mists (2011), his second novel, won the Man Asian Literary Prize and Walter Scott Prize, and was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award. Musharraf Ali Farooqi Musharraf Ali Farooqi is a critically acclaimed Pakistani author, novelist and translator. His novel "Between Clay and Dust" was shortlisted for The Man Asian Literary Prize 2012 and longlisted for the 2013 DSC Prize for South Asian Literature. Farooqi's second novel "The Story of a Widow" was shortlisted for the DSC Prize for South Asian Literature 2011, and longlisted for the 2010 IMPAC-Dublin Literary Award. His most recent children's fiction is the novel "Tik-Tik, The Master of Time" Pakistan's first English language novel for children. His other works for children includes the picture book "The Cobbler's Holiday or Why Ants Don't Wear Shoes" and the collection "The Amazing Moustaches of 6 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Mocchhander the Iron Man and Other Stories" which was shortlisted for the India ComicCon award in the Best Publication for Children category. He is also the author of the critically acclaimed translations of Urdu classics "The Adventures of Amir Hamza" and the first book of a projected 24-volume magical fantasy epic "Hoshruba". Jeet Thayil Jeet Thayil (born 1959 in Kerala) is an Indian poet, novelist, librettist and musician. He is best known as a poet and is the author of four collections: These Errors Are Correct (Tranquebar, 2008), English (2004, Penguin India, Rattapallax Press, New York, 2004), Apocalypso (Ark, 1997) and Gemini (Viking Penguin, 1992). His first novel, Narcopolis, (Faber & Faber, 2012), was shortlisted for the 2012 Man Booker Prize and the Hindu Literary Prize 2013 Kim Thúy Kim Thúy arrived in Canada in 1979, at the age of ten. She has worked as a seamstress, interpreter, lawyer and restaurant owner. She currently lives in Montreal where she devotes herself to writing. Her debut novel Ru won the Governor General's Award for French language fiction at the 2010 Governor General's Awards. An English edition, translated by Sheila Fischman, was published in 2012 and was a shortlisted nominee for the 2012 Scotiabank Giller Prize. Thúy spent her early childhood in Vietnam before fleeing with her parents as boat people and settling in the Montreal suburb of Longueuil. She has degrees in law, linguistics and translation from the Université de Montréal. Nayomi Munaweera Nayomi Munaweera’s debut novel, “Island of a Thousand Mirror” was long-listed for the Man Asia Literary Prize and the Dublin IMPAC Prize. It won the Commonwealth Regional Prize for Asia and was short-listed for the Northern California Book Award. Publishers Weekly wrote, Munaweeras lyrical debut novel is worthy of shelving alongside her countryman Michael Ondaatje or her fellow writer of the multigenerational immigrant experience, Jhumpa Lahiri. The New York Times Book review called the novel, incandescent. 7 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Nayomi’s second novel, “What Lies Between Us” was released in February 2016 and had received accolades as one of 2016s most anticipated books. NORTH AMERICA Jonathan Safran Foer Jonathan Safran Foer is the author of two bestselling, award-winning novels, “Everything Is Illuminated and Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close”, and a bestselling work of nonfiction, “Eating Animals”. He lives in Brooklyn, New York. Sara Gruen Sara Gruen is the #1 New York Times and USA Today bestselling author of five novels: “At The Water’s Edge”, “Ape House”, “Water for Elephants”, “Riding Lessons”, and “Flying Changes”. Her works have been translated into forty-three languages, and have sold more than ten million copies worldwide. WATER FOR ELEPHANTS was adapted into a major motion picture starring Reese Witherspoon, Rob Pattinson, and Christoph Waltz in 2011. Margaret Atwood Canadian author Margaret Atwood has numerous critically acclaimed novels to her credit. Some of her best-selling titles are "Oryx and Crake" (2003), "The Handmaid's Tale" (1986), and "The Blind Assassin" (2000). She is best known for her feminist and dystopian political themes, and her prolific output of work spans multiple genres, including poetry, short stories, and essays. She distinguishes her "speculative fiction" from science fiction because "science fiction has monsters and spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." Valeria Luiselli Award winning, translated into numerous languages, Luiselli’s playful, mesmeric novels, have pushed the boundaries of distortion between the real and the imagined. Works such as “Faces In The Crowd” (2012) and “The Story Of My Teeth” (2015) have seen her cast as one of the bright lights of contemporary Mexican fiction, and her collection of non-fiction essays, “Sidewalks” (2013), demonstrates the versatility and deft touch of an interesting new literary talent. 8 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Carmen Boullosa Poet, playwright, and novelist, Carmen Boullosa’s thoughtful and eclectic works such as “Leaving Tabasco” (2001), and “Texas: The Great Theft” (2014), have cemented the reputation of a writer considered to be reaching the height of her powers. Weaving through a wide range of topics, and eras, Boullosa’s imaginative power and craft have allowed her to jump from one project to another, without being typecast or pigeon holed. EUROPE Ian McEwan British writer Ian McEwan started winning literary awards with his first book, a collection of short stories, "First Love, Last Rites" (1976) and never stopped. "Atonement" (2001), a family drama focused on repentance, won several awards and was made into a movie directed by Joe Wright (2007). "Saturday" (2005) won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. His work often focuses on closely observed personal lives in a politically fraught world. David Mitchell English novelist is known for his frequent use of intricate and complex experimental structure in his work. In his first novel, "Ghostwritten" (1999), he uses nine narrators to tell the story, and 2004's "Cloud Atlas" is a novel comprising six interconnected stories. Mitchell won the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize for "Ghostwritten," was shortlisted for the Booker Prize for "number9dream" (2001), and was on the Booker longlist for "The Bone Clocks" (2014). Zadie Smith Literary critic James Wood coined the term "hysterical realism" in 2000 to describe Zadie Smith's hugely successful debut novel, "White Teeth," which Smith agreed was a "painfully accurate term for the sort of overblown, manic prose to be found in novels like my own 'White Teeth.'" The British novelist and essayist's third novel, "On Beauty," was shortlisted for the Booker Prize and won the 2006 Orange Prize for Fiction. Her 2012 novel "NW" was shortlisted for the Ondaatje Prize and the Women's Prize for Fiction. Her works often deal with race and the immigrant's postcolonial experience. 9 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Delphine de Vigan Delphine de Vigan is an award-winning French novelist. She has published several novels for adults. Her breakthrough work was the book “No et moi” (No and Me) that was awarded the Prix des Libraires (The Booksellers' Prize) in France in 2008. In 2011, she published a novel “Rien ne s'oppose a la nuit” (Nothing holds back the night) that deals with a family coping with their mother's bipolar disorder. In her native France, the novel brought her a set of awards, including the prix du roman Fnac (the prize given by the Fnac bookstores) and the prix Renaudot des lycéens. Michel Houellebecq Michel Houellebecq (born Michel Thomas), on the French island of Réunion, is a controversial and award-winning French novelist. To admirers he is a writer in the tradition of literary provocation that reaches back to the Marquis de Sade and Baudelaire; to detractors he is a peddler, who writes vulgar sleazy literature to shock. His works though, particularly Atomised, have received high praise from the French literary intelligentsia, with generally positive international critical response. Having written poetry and a biography of the horror writer H. P. Lovecraft, he brought out his first novel “Extension du domaine de la lute” in 1994. “Les particules élémentaires” followed in 1998 and “Plateforme”, in 2001. After a disastrous publicity tour for this book, which led to his being taken to court for inciting racial hatred, he went to Ireland to write. He currently resides in France, where he has been described as "France’s biggest literary export and, some say, greatest living writer". In 2010 he published “La Carte et le Territoire” (published the same year in English as The Map and the Territory) which won the prestigious Prix Goncourt; and, in 2015, Submission. LATIN AMERICA Isabel Allende Isabel Allende Llona is a Chilean-American novelist. Allende, who writes in the "magic realism" tradition, is considered one of the first successful women novelists in Latin America. She has written novels based in part on her own experiences, often focusing on the experiences of women, weaving myth and realism together. Her best- known works include the novels “The House of the Spirits 10 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 and City of the Beasts”. She has written over 20 books that have been translated into more than 35 languages and sold more than 67 million copies. Gabriel García Márquez Gabriel García Márquez (1927 to 2014) was a Colombian writer, associated with the Magical Realism genre of narrative fiction and credited with reinvigorating Latin American writing. He won the Nobel prize for literature in 1982, for a body of work that included novels such as "100 Years of Solitude" and "Love in the Time of Cholera." Mario Vargas Llosa Mario Vargas Llosa is Peru's foremost author and the winner of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature. In 1994 he was awarded the Cervantes Prize, the Spanish-speaking world's most distinguished literary honor, and in 1995 he won the Jerusalem Prize. His many distinguished works include “The Storyteller”, “The Feast of the Goat”, “Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter”, “Death in the Andes”, “In Praise of the Stepmother”, “The Bad Girl”, “Conversation in the Cathedral”, “The Way to Paradise”, and “The War of the End of the World”. He lives in London. National Book Critics Circle Awards Winner. Patricio Pron Patricio Pron, born in 1975, is the author of seven novels and six story collections, and he also works as a translator and critic. His fiction has appeared in Granta, Zoetrope: All- Story, and The Paris Review, and he has received numerous prizes, including the Alfaguara Prize, the Juan Rulfo Prize, the Premio Literario Jaén de Novela award, and the 2008 José Manuel Lara Foundation Award for one of the five best works published in Spain that year. He was named one of the best young Spanish-language novelists by Granta in 2010. His latest novel, “My Fathers’ Ghost Is Climbing in the Rain”, was recently published in Vintage paperback. Rodrigo Hasbún Rodrigo Hasbún is a Bolivian novelist living and working in Houston, Texas. In 2007, he was selected by the Hay Festival as one of the best Latin American writers under the age of thirty-nine for Bogotá39, and in 2010 he was named 11 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 one of Grantas Best Young Spanish-Language Novelists. He is the author of three novels, a volume of personal essays, and three collections of short stories, two of which have been made into films. His work has appeared in Granta, McSweeneys, Zoetrope: All-Story, Words Without Borders, and elsewhere. Affections received an English PEN Award and has been published in twelve languages. AFRICA Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie grew up in Nigeria. Her work has been translated into over thirty languages and has appeared in various publications, including The New Yorker, Granta, The O. Henry Prize Stories, the Financial Times, and Zoetrope. She is the author of the novels “Purple Hibiscus”, which won the Commonwealth Writers Prize and the Hurston/Wright Legacy Award; “Half of a Yellow Sun”, which won the Orange Prize and was a National Book Critics Circle Award Finalist and a New York Times Notable Book; and “Americanah”, which won the National Book Critics Circle Award and was named one of The New York Times Top Ten Best Books of 2013. Ms. Adichie is also the author of the story collection “The Thing Around Your Neck”. Aminatta Forna Born in Glasgow but raised in Sierra Leone, Aminatta Forna first drew attention for her memoir “The Devil That Danced on Water” (2003), an extraordinarily brave account of her family’s experiences living in war-torn Sierra Leone, and in particular her father’s tragic fate as a political dissident. Forna has gone on to write several novels, each of them critically acclaimed: her work “The Memory of Love” (2010) juxtaposes personal stories of love and loss within the wider context of the devastation of the Sierre Leone civil war,and was nominated for the Orange Prize for Fiction. Nadine Gordimer One of the apartheid era’s most prolific writers, Nadine Gordimer’s works powerfully explore social, moral, and racial issues in a South Africa under apartheid rule. Despite winning a Nobel Prize in Literature for her prodigious skills in portraying a society interwoven with racial tensions, Gordimer’s most famous and controversial works were banned from South Africa for daring to speak out against 12 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 the oppressive governmental structures of the time. Her novel “Burger’s Daughter” follows the struggles of a group of anti-apartheid activists, and was read in secret by Nelson Mandela during his time on Robben Island. Alain Mabanckou Alain Mabanckou was born in 1966 in Congo-Brazzaville (French Congo). He currently resides in Los Angeles, where he teaches literature at UCLA, having previously spent four years at the University of Michigan. Mabanckou will be a Fellow in the Humanities Council at Princeton University in 2007-2008. One of Francophone Africa's most prolific contemporary writers, he is the author of six volumes of poetry and six novels. He received the Sub-Saharan Africa Literary Prize in 1999 for his first novel, “Blue-White-Red”, “The Prize of the Five Francophone Continents for Broken Glass”, and the “Prix Renaudot” in 2006 for “Memoirs of a Porcupine”. He was selected by the French publishing trade journal Lire as one of the fifty writers to watch out for in the coming century. His most recent book is “African Psycho”. Ben Okri Poet and novelist Ben Okri was born in 1959 in Minna, Northern Nigeria, to an Igbo mother and Urhobo father. He grew up in London before returning to Nigeria with his family in 1968. Much of his early fiction explores the political violence that he witnessed at first hand during the civil war in Nigeria. In 1991 Okri was awarded the Booker Prize for Fiction for his novel “The Famished Road” (1991). Set in a Nigerian village, this is the first in a trilogy of novels which tell the story of Azaro, a spirit child. Azaro's narrative is continued in “Songs of Enchantment” (1993) and “Infinite Riches” (1998). Other recent fiction includes “Astonishing the Gods” (1995) and “Dangerous Love” (1996), which was awarded the Premio Palmi (Italy) in 2000. His latest novels are “In Arcadia” (2002) and “Starbook” (2007). 13 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 ASSESSMENT Instruction: Match the descriptions in Column A with the corresponding author in Column B. Write the letter with the correct answer in your notebook. Column A Colum B 1. One of the apartheid era’s most a. Isabel Allende prolific writers whose works include b. Aminatta Forna “Burger’s Daughter”. c. Patricio Pron d. Alain Mabanckou 2. Name one of the best young e. Gabriel García Márquez Spanish-language novelists by Granta f. Valerie Luiselli in 2010 whose latest novel, “My g. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Fathers’ Ghost Is Climbing in the Rain”. h. Margaret Atwood i. Musharraf Ali Farooqi 3. Award winning author whose novels, j. Nadine Gordimer have pushed the boundaries of k. Mario Vargas Llosa distortion between the real and the imagined. Works such as “Faces in The Crowd” (2012) and “The Story of My Teeth” (2015). 4. A critically acclaimed Pakistani author whose novel "Between Clay and Dust" was shortlisted for The Man Asian Literary Prize 2012 and longlisted for the 2013 DSC Prize for South Asian Literature. 5. First drew attention for the memoir “The Devil That Danced on Water” (2003), an extraordinarily brave account of family’s experiences living in war-torn Sierra Leone. 6. The author of the novels “Purple Hibiscus”, which won the Commonwealth Writers Prize and the Hurston/Wright Legacy Award. 7. Best known for feminist and dystopian political themes, whose best-selling works include “Oryx and 14 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Crake” (2003) and “The Blind Assassin” (2000). 8. Won the Nobel prize for literature in 1982, for a body of work that included novels such as "100 Years of Solitude" and "Love in the Time of Cholera". 9. Best known for works such as the novels “The House of the Spirits” and “City of the Beasts”. 10. Peru's foremost author and the winner of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature whose many distinguished works include “The Storyteller” and “The Feast of the Goat”. WHAT’S MORE ACTIVITY 1 You are a freelance blogger in an online literary magazine. You need to write a 500-word feature article on a contemporary (21st century) author from outside your country. Do an online search on a noteworthy writer and his or her contribution to the society relative to his/her work. You may choose someone from the list of authors in the table above, but you are not limited to that list. It may also be nice to write about an author who has a little online presence, but have made significant impact to the lives of his/her readers. Make sure that your feature provides the following information: background of the author, a short overview of the authors literary works (books, online or print publications, etc.), a short sampling of the authors work/s together with your commentary. End the article by highlighting what are the author’s contribution to contemporary literature where you can include his/her causes or advocacies based on the common themes found in his/her work. (Note: Write this activity in your notebook. You may also publish this online.) 15 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 RUBRIC FOR WRITING COMPOSITION Performance Very Good Good Needs Areas 10-8 7-5 Improvement 4-1 Article has specific Central idea is Unable to find central idea that is vague; non- specific supporting clearly stated in the supportive to the details Content opening paragraph, topic; lacks focus appropriate, concrete details. Article is logically Writing somewhat Central point and organized and well- digresses from the flow of article is Organization structured central idea lost; lacks organization and continuity Cited research Some research of the Did little or no information, topic was done but gathering of introduced personal was inconclusive to information on the Research ideas to enhance support topic; cited topic, did not cite article information was information cohesiveness vague Writing is smooth, Sentences are varied Lacks creativity and coherent and and inconsistent with focus. Unrelated Style consistent central idea word choice to central idea Written work has Written work is Written article has no errors in word relatively free of several errors in selection and use errors in word word selection and sentence structure, selection and use, use. Mechanics spelling, sentence structure, punctuation, and spelling, punctuation capitalization and capitalization (some have errors) Congratulations! You have made it through the first lesson. If you wanna know your score in the Brainergizer, check out the answers and the explanation below. 1. The language of the Rom, or Gypsy, people comes from India. Answer: True Romany is an Indo-Aryan language. The Rom, or Gypsy, people migrated from India about a thousand years ago. 2. English is related to German. Answer: True German, English, and even Hindi are all part of a great family of languages called Indo-European. They descended from a common ancestor many thousands of years ago. 16 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 3. The poet W. B. Yeats was from England. Answer: False William Butler Yeats, famed as the poet of “Easter, 1916” and “The Second Coming,” was born in Dublin, Ireland, and spent his life in that country. 4. Kenyan author Ngugi wa Thiong’o always writes in English. Answer: False Ngugi wa Thiongo has written in English, but he began to write only in his native Kikuyu in the 1990s. His 2004 novel “Wizard of the Crow” was written in Kikuyu and then translated into English. 5. The “Sound and the Fury” is a sonnet by William Shakespeare. Answer: False The Sound and the Fury (1929) is a novel by American writer William Faulkner. Its title is a quote from a monologue in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. 6. No South African has won a Nobel Prize in literature. Answer: False In 1991 the novelist and short-story writer Nadine Gordimer became the first South African to win the Nobel Prize for literature. J. M. Coetzee won in 2003. 7. The words chortle and galumph were both invented by Lewis Carroll. Answer: True Chortle and galumph were first used in Carroll’s 1871 nonsense poem “Jabberwocky”. They are both portmanteau words—that is, new words made up by combining parts of other words. 8. The Brothers Grimm, authors of fairy tales such as “Hansel and Gretel,” were from Germany. Answer: True Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were German academics who collected fairy tales, among them “Hansel and Gretel” and “Snow White.” 9. Jeppe Aakjær was a noted Danish explorer. Answer: False A poet and novelist, Jeppe Aakjær (1866–1930) was a leading exponent of Danish regional literature. He also promoted the literature of social consciousness 17 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 10. Agatha Christie wrote only novels. Answer: False Agatha Christie wrote many novels but also wrote plays. The latter include The “Mousetrap” (1952), which set a world record for the longest continuous run at one theater, and “Witness for the Prosecution” (1953; film, 1957). Now, Let’s Proceed to Lesson 2 18 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 21ST CENTURY LITERARY LESSON GENRES AND THEIR 2 ELEMENTS, STRUCTURES AND TRADITIONS Learning Competency: Compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and their elements, structures, and traditions from across the globe, EN12Lit- IId-25 (2 hours). WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to: 1. define what literary genre is; 2. identify various 21st century literary genres common across the globe; and 3. compare and contrast the 21st century literature genres and their elements, structures and traditions from across the globe. WHAT I KNOW INSTRUCTIONS: Read and answer the following statements. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. What is a genre? a. a type of recipe c. a gendered story b. a category of literature d. a rhyming poem 2. Which of the following is not a main genre of literature? a. poetry b. drama c. myth d. prose 19 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 3. Which of the following does not have genres? a. poetry b. sonnets c. hairstyles d. movies 4. How is style related to genre? a. Genres are not related to styles c. A style is a type of genre b. A genre is a type of style d. Genres are characterized by different styles *generated from https://literaryterms.net/genre-quiz/ WHAT’S IN List down your top 3 favorite movies or books and decide on what genre they belong. You can write down your responses in your notebook. 1. _______________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________ 3. _______________________________________________________ WHAT IS IT To move on with this lesson, let us unlock important terms: 21st century literature - refers to all literary works written and published at the latter part of the 21st century (from 2001 onwards). These works are often characterized as gender sensitive, technologically alluding, culturally pluralistic, operates on the extreme reality or extreme fiction, and questions conventions and supposedly absolute norms. - SHS Curriculum Guide, 21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World literary genre - is a category of literary composition. Genres may be determined by literary technique, tone, content, or even (as in the case of 20 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 fiction) length. The distinctions between genres and categories are flexible and loosely defined, often with subgroups. The most general genres in literature are (in loose chronological order) epic, tragedy, comedy, and creative nonfiction. They can all be in the form of prose or poetry. Additionally, a genre such as satire, allegory or pastoral might appear in any of the above, not only as a sub-genre, but as a mixture of genres. Finally, they are defined by the general cultural movement of the historical period in which they were composed. Genre should not be confused with age categories, by which literature may be classified as either adult, young- adult, or children's. They also must not be confused with format, such as graphic novel or picture book. -SHS Curriculum Guide, 21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Genre, in broad terms, refers to any works that share certain characteristics. If enough characteristics are in common, then the pieces are said to be in the same genre. 21st Century Literary Genres, Traditions and Forms from Different Cultures Contemporary literature - Reflects current trends in life and culture and because these things change often, contemporary literature changes often as well. - Reflects author's perspective and can be cynical. - Questions facts, historical perspectives and presents 2 contradictory arguments side by side Contemporary literature began in the 1940s or so. A few of its qualities: - Reality-based stories with strong characters and a believable story; - Well-defined, realistic, highly developed characters in realistic, sometimes harsh environments; - Often the stories are character driven; - The literature is ironic and reflects current political, social and personal issues; - May reflect a personal cynicism, disillusionment and frustration; - Facts are questioned as are historical perspectives; - Often presents two contradictory arguments; - The literature may reflect a growing skepticism in the existence of God as well as distrust or lack of faith in traditional institutions The 2000s - Saw a steep increase in the acceptability of literature of all types, inspired by the coming of age of millions of people who enjoyed the work of writers of speculative fiction 21 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 - Speculative fiction - an umbrella term encompassing the more fantastical fiction genres, specifically science fiction, fantasy, horror, weird fiction, supernatural fiction, superhero fiction, utopian and dystopian fiction, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction, and alternate history in literature as well as related static, motion, and virtual arts. - SHS Curriculum Guide, 21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World Chinese literature - Affected by the impact of the Internet, which has become an important medium for the dissemination of politically sensitive works. - Resurgence of science fantasy not seen since the late Qing dynasty - No epics of either folk or literary variety and hardly any narrative or descriptive poems that are long by the standards of the world literature Sinophone literature- Redefines Chinese literature as a field determined by language rather than purely by geography Modern Chinese poetry- Depends on end rhyme and tonal metre for its cadence and characterized by its compactness and brevity Japanese literature - Marked by a strong and intentional break with tradition and the nation- centered and group orientation values. - This break included: A strong reaction against established religious, political, and social views. - Feminism, individualism, internationalism, liberalism, and proletarian emerged during this period - Concerned with the subconscious. - New literary forms and style like: A novel in 1st POV is written like an autobiographical confessional type of narration Indian Literature - Simultaneous co-existence of the postcolonial state apparatuses with an ideology which was: Liberal and Humanist, seen in the areas of public life like the academic scene Realism- Outcome of the creation of a reading public which was trying to construct an identity in the context of the anti-colonial struggles and nation- building. 22 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 - This combined liberal-reformist ideology with an affirmation of an 'Indian' cultural specificity. - This concept however was middle-class and Hindu The realist novel- Its focus on growth and individual freedom is transformed in the Indian context with the economic conditions of uneven capitalism Basis for Realism- The economic: seen the existence of capitalist exploitation -Political; and -Social conditions African literature - Distinct influence from African current events and recent history. - Themes: -Post imperialism -Cultural upheaval -Violence - These are topics present in previous centuries which are still very much relevant in modern day African nations. African poetry- This a form of protest. - Theorists describe it as having a post colonial viewpoint, referring to: The period after European nations tried to govern African nations Africa's modern history- It is Influenced by neocolonialism, cultural change, and clashes between political parties and religious ideologies Modern African writer- Look away from the internal, individual struggle and instead shift the focus to the: Struggles of African nations still trying to develop after gaining independence from European imperialism -economic struggles of the people -divisions of classes -and various other conflicts that modern day African nations face American literature - Concerned with relationships and connections between people and emotion-provoking storytelling is common. The value of media in culture is changing the way this movement is perceived - Diversity and acceptance - Address universal themes seen through the eyes of their culture 23 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 - juxtaposition of the ordinary with magical elements - Fantastic elements are interwoven into realistic fiction English Literature - As the 21st century got underway, history remained the outstanding concern of English literature. Although contemporary issues such as global warming and international conflicts (especially the Second Persian Gulf War and its aftermath) received attention, writers were still more disposed to look back. - Although they had entered into a new millennium, writers seemed to find greater imaginative stimulus in the past than in the present and the future. Most Notable Literary Genres in the 21st Century a. Poetry - It is a type of literature that conveys a thought, describes a scene or tells a story in a concentrated, lyrical arrangement of words. Poems can be structured, with rhyming lines and meter, the rhythm and emphasis of a line based on syllabic beats. Poems can also be freeform, which follows no formal structure. It is further subdivided into different genres, such an epic poem, narrative, romantic, dramatic, and lyric. Dramatic poetry includes melodrama, tragedy, and comedy, while other poems includes ode, sonnet, elegy, ballad, song, and epic. Poetry today is usually written down but is still sometimes performed. i. Hyperpoetry – It is a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up. It is a very visual form, and is related to hypertext fiction and visual arts. The links mean that a hypertext poem has no set order, the poem moving or being generated in response to the links that the reader/user chooses. It can either involve set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented in variable order but sit on the page much as traditional poetry does, or it can contain parts of the poem that move and /or mutate. It is usually found online, though CD-ROM and diskette versions exist. The earliest examples date to no later than the mid 1980s. ii. Spoken word poetry – It can be described as poetry that is written to be performed. Spoken word utilizes concrete language, word play, and rhythm to tell stories. Through the use of vivid imagery, the listener is able to “feel” the words as they are being spoken. Many literary devices, like metaphor, can be used to help the audience visualize the story. And although the stories may be humorous, serious, sad, or painful, they remain true to the emotion of the speaker. Some pieces may lack a 24 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 definite beginning, middle, or end, but it may be in that absence that the audience finds something to relate to. The beautiful thing about spoken word is that a person is allowed to give his or her perspective on a certain topic without fear of debate. It is an open display of the soul. With this medium, an individual is able to express feelings of anger and grief about current events, and the audience is given a front row seat to the inner workings of the artist’s mind. Spoken word pieces can involve any life experience from losing a first tooth to losing one’s virginity to losing one’s child. The range is endless. b. Drama- It is the genre of literature with stories composed of verse or prose which is meant to be dramatically or theatrically performed. Its emotions and conflicts are expressed through dialogue and movements or action. c. Blog - A weblog: a website containing short articles called posts that are changed regularly. Some blogs are written by one person containing their own opinions, interests and experiences, while others are written by many different people. d. Creative nonfiction – it is also known as literary nonfiction or narrative nonfiction. It is a genre of writing that uses literary styles and techniques to create factually accurate narratives. Creative nonfiction contrasts with other nonfiction, such as technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but is not primarily written in service to its craft. As a genre, creative nonfiction is still relatively young, and is only beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to fiction and poetry. e. Fiction- It is a literature created from the imagination, not presented as fact, though it may be based on a true story or situation. i. Short story – It is a brief fictional prose narrative that is shorter than a novel and that usually deals with only a few characters. The short story is usually concerned with a single effect conveyed in only one or a few significant episodes or scenes. The form encourages economy of setting, concise narrative, and the omission of a complex plot; character is disclosed in action and dramatic encounter but is seldom fully developed. Despite its relatively limited scope, though, a short story is often judged by its ability to provide a “complete” or satisfying treatment of its characters and subject. ii. Chick-lit – It is a genre which addresses issues of modern womanhood, often humorously and light-heartedly. The genre became popular in the late 1990s, with chick-lit titles topping best seller lists and the creation of imprints devoted entirely to chick-lit. Although it sometimes includes romantic elements, chick-lit is generally not considered a direct subcategory of the romance novel genre, because the heroine's relationship with her family or friends is often just as important as her romantic relationships. 25 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 iii. Illustrated novel – It is a story through text and illustrated novels. iv. Digi-fiction – It is a triple media literature. It combines three media: book, movie/video and internet website. v. Graphic novels – These are narratives in comic book formats. vi. Manga – This is a Japanese word for comics Example: Naruto, Bleach, One Piece vii. Doodle Fiction – It is a literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing and drawings, and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font. Example: Diary of a Wimpy Kid viii. Text-Talk Novels- These are stories that are told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network exchanges. ix. Flash fiction – This is a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity. x. Six-word flash fiction – It is a flash fiction done in six words only. xi. Speculative fiction – It is an umbrella term encompassing the more fantastical fiction genres, specifically science fiction, fantasy, horror, weird fiction, supernatural fiction, superhero fiction, utopian and dystopian fiction, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction, and alternate history in literature as well as related static, motion, and virtual arts. a. Science fiction – It is a genre dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, saster than light travel, parallel universe and extraterrestrial life. Ex. The Hunger Games b. Fantasy – It is a genre that concentrates on imaginary elements (the fantastic). This can mean magic, the supernatural, alternate worlds, superheroes, monsters, fairies, magical creatures, mythological heroes—essentially, anything that an author can imagine outside of reality. f. Horror – It is a genre whose purpose is to create feelings of fear, dread, repulsion, and terror in the audience—in other words, it develops an atmosphere of horror. 26 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 ASSESSMENT Instructions: Read each statement carefully. Then, write the letter with the correct answer in your notebook. 1. A relatively new and popular type of contemporary world literature is the _____, which uses illustrations and dialogue to create the story. a. Graphic novel b. Comic book c. Memoir d. Descriptive piece 2. One of the biggest thematic trends of contemporary world literature is _____, which seeks to represent minorities, oppressed peoples, and people from non-Western countries. a. Post-colonialism b. Fiction c. Realism d. None of these 3. A major type of literature that makes use of imagery, figurative language, and sometimes rhyme. Rather than paragraphs it is written in stanzas. a. Drama b. Informational c. Poetry d. Fiction 4. Fiction → Writing that contains true facts, & tells about real people, places, objects, etc. a. True b. False 5. Science Fiction → Fictional story that combines elements of fantasy and scientific facts. Often set in the future. a. True b. False 6. It is a story through text and illustrated novels. a. drama b. Illustrated novel c. Digi-fiction d. Blog 7. It a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity. a. non-fiction b. fiction c. flash fiction d. short story 27 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 8. It is a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up. a. chick-lit b. spoken poetry c. drama d. hyperpoetry 9. It utilizes concrete language, word play, and rhythm to tell stories. a. chick-lit b. spoken poetry c. drama d. Hyperpoetry 10. It is a genre which addresses issues of modern womanhood, often humorously and light-heartedly. a. chick-lit b. spoken poetry c. drama d. Hyperpoetry WHAT’S MORE ACTIVITY 1 Instructions: Choose from among the various literatures across the globe and accomplish the Compare/Contrast Tower below by citing the similarities and differences in their literary genres and their elements, structures, and traditions. Do this in your notebook. 28 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES Suggested activities for you to explore: 1. Read the online article entitled “Literature in the 21st Century” by Ivo Oliveira and Mithun Selvaratnam. https://www.fairobserver.com/culture/literature-21st-century/ 2. Write a short paragraph about your reaction to the article. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED In your notebook, write down everything that you have learned from this module. Congratulations! You have made it through this lesson. You are now ready to go to the next level. 29 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 LESSON MULTIMEDIA SKILLS IN 3 INTERPETING TEXTS Learning Competency: Produce a creative representation of a literary text by applying multimedia skills. (2 hrs.) WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT Learning Objectives: At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to: 1. identify various multimedia forms of interpreting a literary text; 2. recognize advantages of these multimedia forms; and 3. produce a creative presentation a literary text by applying multimedia skills. WHAT I KNOW Let us check your prior knowledge about this topic - multimedia. Direction: Choose the letter with the correct answer. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. What is telemedicine? a. Something that gives people access to the expertise of specialties in urban hospitals through the use of multimedia and computer networks b. A computer game that allows people to pretend to be doctors c. A database that lists and explains all known medicines d. An advertisement for the local grocery store's pharmacy 2. Every web page has its own ___________. a. database connection b. personal search engine c. animation scheme d. URL 30 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 3. What is computer-based training? a. A video game b. A method of training a computer to reject viruses c. A method of education that allows people to learn at their own pace, using specially designed interactive software d. A method of training the computer to perform routine tasks 4. What does ISP stand for? a. International Service Protocol b. Internal Services and Protection c. Internet Service Provider d. Internet Search Program 5. What three important events combined to create the Internet we recognize today? a. The end of World War II, the beginning of the Cold War, and the development of nuclear weapons b. The arrival of the first mass-produced personal computers, the World Wide Web, and the development of browser software c. The creating of the ballpoint pen, the development of the typewriter, and the development of Microsoft Word d. The first broadcast news show, the creation of video cameras, and the eventual use of computers 6. What advances in multimedia were made in the early 1970's? a. Advances in the ability to fit more text in a presentation b. Advances in making supercomputers c. Advances in integrating computers with CDs d. Advances in graphics, movies, and audio 7. How does multimedia help school-age children? a. It replaces direct textbook reading b. It helps students learn in new and stimulating ways and allows them to apply their knowledge creatively c. It allows students to control all their learning d. It replaces teacher lectures 8. What war inspired the United States to form a new way of communicating, now commonly known as the Internet? a. The Gulf War b. The Vietnam War c. World War II d. The Cold War 9. What does SSL stand for? a. Saving Sharing and Limits b. Safe Secured and Locked c. Secure Socket Limbs d. Secure Socket Layers 31 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 10. What did ARPA do? a. Developed facsimile equipment b. Linked several computers into a network called ARPANET c. Laid the first transatlantic communication cables d. Created the first server-based email WHAT IS IT What is Multimedia? Multimedia is the use of a computer to present and combine text, graphics, audio, and video with links and tools that let the user navigate, interact, create, and communicate. This definition contains four components essential to multimedia. First, there must be a computer to coordinate what you see and hear, and to interact with. Second, there must be links that connect the information. Third, there must be navigational tools that let you traverse the web of connected information. Finally, because multimedia is not a spectator sport, there must be ways for you to gather, process, and communicate your own information and ideas. If one of these components is missing, you do not have multimedia. For example, if you have no computer to provide interactivity, you have mixed media, not multimedia. If there are no links to provide a sense of structure and dimension, you have a bookshelf, not multimedia. If there are no navigational tools to let you decide the course of action, you have a movie, not multimedia. If you cannot create and contribute your own ideas, you have a television, not multimedia. Advantages of using Multimedia in Education It has made education for specially-able students easier. It spurs the students to learn more. It is easier to learn from images rather than text. Audios are the best source of improving pronunciation in students. Graphics make learning process interesting and engaging. Now-a-days even small kids have started using multimedia and have started learning at a very early age because of multimedia. Importance of using Multimedia in Education Multimedia plays an important role in today’s society and in education because society now is keeping up with the times. The multimedia is a good way for 32 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 communication because it is easy to communicate and understand what they say. After that, multimedia has animation, music, video and more of this. It is easier to attract people to listen what you talking about. Multimedia also is easier to deliver what you want to say. If they don’t know what you say, they can see what you do in multimedia, because multimedia is making things easier to understand. An important goal of this course is to enable you to become a Tip creator, not just a consumer of multimedia on the internet. Use all four components to be an effective designer. ASSESSMENT True or False. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is wrong. Write your answers in your notebook. 1. A multimedia is an integration of still and moving images, text, and sounds by means of computer technology. 2. Computer generated graphics is an example of multimedia. 3. There is no multimedia if there is no computer to provide interactivity. 4. Through the multimedia, communication is easier and interesting. 5. Graphics make learning process interesting and engaging. 6. Multimedia can be used in a television, movies and newspapers. 7. If there are no navigational tools to let you decide the course of action, you have a multimedia, not a movie. 8. Multimedia is highly useful in the field of education only. 9. Multimedia elements include all of the following, graphics, animation, audio, video, and voice script. 10. A most basic skill a person requires to pursue an animation career is writing skills. Now, let’s continue. 33 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Multimedia Skills You Need to Become a Competent Artist Creativity A creative mindset is the primo skill you must have. Although you’ll need this in all other career paths, creativity remains the crème de la crème in Multimedia Arts. With all the monotonous ideas available in the market, you’ll need to step out and add your own flavor. Shun dull ideas and squeeze out your creative juices. Communication Skills Even though media gadgets and tools take most of your time, good communication skills still matter to be successful in the field. Express your ideas out and deliver your views and opinion well. Communication skills help you to expound your thoughts with your peers and vice versa. You must know how to listen intently and return an interesting response. Management Skills Another thing you need to hone is your management skills. You must manage your time and prioritize your errands. Deadlines and projects consume time and may dare you to give up your social life. However, with organizational skills as one of your hallmarks, you can finish tasks well. Flexibility is also the key. Problem-Solving Skills A successful Multimedia Artist has the initiative to solve intricate problems. With logical and analytical reasoning skills, you can easily adapt to changes and sudden snags common in the Multimedia Arts field. You must know that an idea can face glitches, therefore you must put possible solutions on the table and contribute proactive ideas. eCreateMo! WHAT’S IN ACTIVITY 1 If you were to recreate the story, how would you do it? Tell your story using a comic strip. Create your own digital comic strip by using this link: https://www.makebeliefscomix.com/Comix/?starter_id=2718656C2734673 34 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 The Legend of Lake Toba (Indonesian Folktale) Retold by Marti Bunanta Once upon a time, there was a handsome man. His name was Batara Guru Sahala. He liked fishing. One day, he caught a fish. He was surprised to find out that the fish could talk. The fish begged him to set it free. Batara Guru could not bear it. He made the fish free. As soon as it was free, the fish changed into a very beautiful woman. She attracted Batara Guru so much. He fell in love with that fish-woman. The woman wanted to marry him and said that Batara Guru had to keep the secret, which she had been a fish. Batara Guru agreed and promised that he would never tell anybody about it. They were married happily. They had two daughters. One day Batara Guru got very angry with his daughter. He would not control his mad. He shouted angrily and got the word of fish to his daughters. The daughters were crying. They found their mother and talked to her about it. The mother was very annoyed. Batara Guru broke his promise. The mother was shouting angrily. Then the earth began to shake. Volcanoes started to erupt. The earth formed a very big hole. People believed that the big hole became a lake. Then this lake is known as Toba Lake. A comic strip is a sequence of drawings in boxes that tells an Tip amusing story, typically printed in a newspaper or comic book. Try to explore the link above to create your own comic strip. Note to the teacher, To check the activity 1, have your own assessment on how the students make a digital comic strip. Also, you decide the scoring of this activity. Thank you. 35 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 WHAT’S MORE Order of Adverbs. There is a basic order in which adverbs will appear when there is more than one. Here is the standard order of adverbs. Grammar Grooming THE ROYAL ORDER OF ADVERBS Verb Manner Place Frequency Time Purpose Beth enthusiastically in the every before to keep in swims pool morning dawn shape. Dad impatiently into every before to get a walks town afternoon supper newspaper. Lhuzel deligently at the every before her to get good studies library morning afternoon’s grades. class Andrae voraciously at the every recess before the to get alert. eats canteen next class Thalia in her every before lunch. naps room morning In actual practice, of course, it would be highly unusual to have a string of adverbial modifiers beyond two or three (at the most). Because the placement of adverbs is so flexible, one or two of the modifiers would probably move to the beginning of the sentence: "Every afternoon before supper, Dad impatiently walks into town to get a newspaper." When that happens, the introductory adverbial modifiers are usually set off with a comma. Look at this! Unchecked: The student is in the office patiently waits for her teacher everyday. Groomed: The student waits patiently in the office everyday for her teacher. 36 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Now, It’s Your Turn! 1.______________________________________________________________ 2.______________________________________________________________ 3.______________________________________________________________ 4.______________________________________________________________ 5.______________________________________________________________ 37 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 LESSON ICT SKILLS IN LITERARY 4 TEXT ADAPTATION Learning Competency: Apply ICT Skills in Crafting an Adaptation of a Literary Text (2hours). WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to: 1. define what literary genre is; 2. identify various 21st century literary genres common across the globe; and 3. compare and contrast the 21st century literature genres and their elements, structures and traditions from across the globe. WHAT I KNOW Instructions: Recall what you learned about the information communication technology (ICT). Read and answer the following statements. Write the letter of your answer in your notebook. 1. What could you install in your computer in order to keep it safe and secure from viruses? a. Download Malware b. Download Spyware c. Download an Anti-Virus program 38 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 2. What are online threats? a. They are types of viruses which can harm your computer b. They help your computer in being safe c. They are different types of ICT Shortcuts 3. What effect can adware have on your system? a. Bad computer performance b. Bad internet connection c. Viruses attacking your system 4. What does malware do to your computer? a. Deletes your personal files and applications b. Gains access to a user’s system in order to carry out certain tasks which a hacker has scheduled c. Slows down your system 5. What is unauthorized transfer or copying? a. Copying or transferring software without the permission of the user b. Copying or transferring software with the permission of the user c. Hacking in to a user's system 6. Which one of these is a type of viruses? a. White hat b. Red hat c. Internet Worm 7. What are computer shortcuts? a. They are easier and faster way to navigate through your computer b. They are a slower and hard way to navigate through your computer c. A type of virus 8. How can you prevent spyware from accessing your computer? a. Don't click on advertisements b. Keep your computer password protected c. Download an anti-virus program 9. Which leading computer software business created programs like Spread Sheet, Word and Power point? a. Google b. Apple c. Microsoft 10. What does "WWW" stand for? a. Wicked Wizard Web b. Wiked Will West c. World Wide Web 39 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 WHAT IS IT What is ICT? ICT stands for 'Information Communication Technology'. Everyday usage of digital technology includes when you use a computer, tablet or mobile phone, send email, browse the internet, make a video call - these are all examples of using basic ICT skills and technology to communicate. Information and communications technology (ICT) skills refer to one’s ability to converse with people through various technologies. Similar to information technology (IT), ICT refers to technology use for regular, everyday tasks: sending an email, making a video call, searching the internet, using a tablet or mobile phone, and more. Ironically, ICT skills could also include the ability to use older communication technologies such as telephones, radios, and televisions. Typically, ICT experts are called upon to integrate old communication technology with the new technology. Almost every job requires some ICT skills, and many require hybrid skills, a skill set that is a mix of technical and non-technical skills. ICT SKILLS Data Management and Queries Develop and manage data using spreadsheets to be able to analyze that data and recognize trends and patterns such as Microsoft Excel. Online Research able to sift through all the information online to find what you need involving basic online information management skills. Email Management and Setup able to effectively and successfully communicate via email. Social Media Management Use of social media such Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, and Pinterest in valuable ways. Desktop Publishing Creation of materials that need to be printed and distributed such as fliers, brochures, newsletters, and more. using desktop publishing software like MS Publisher, MS Powerpoint, MS Word, Print Setting , and etc. 40 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Online Collaboration Sharing information with your coworkers, or friends, online such as a meeting to a shared online calendar, providing feedback on a document through a web- based document application, and holding an online video conference with colleagues. Smartphones and Tablets The use of smartphones and tablets so it is easily accessible during certain hours of the day. Word Processing In this day and age, it is expected that individuals know how to use word processing technology to be able to produce written documents (including business letters, meeting minutes, and more) using a computer processor such as Microsoft Word. What is literary adaptation? Literary adaptation is the adapting of a literary source (e.g. a novel, short story, poem) to another genre or medium, such as a film, stage play, or video game. It refers to the process of translating a creative work from one medium to another: a novel adapted into a film, for example. Hamlet has been adapted into operas: Ambrose Thomas' 1868 version in French, and Franco Faccio's 1865 Amleto in Italian. It can also involve adapting the same literary work in the same genre or medium just for different purposes, e.g. to work with a smaller cast, in a smaller venue (or on the road), or for a different demographic group (such as adapting a story for children). Sometimes the editing of these works without the approval of the author can lead to a court case. It also appeals because it obviously works as a story; it has interesting characters, who say and do interesting things. This is particularly important when adapting to a dramatic work, e.g. film, stage play, teleplay, as dramatic writing is some of the most difficult. To get an original story to function well on all the necessary dimensions—concept, character, story, dialogue, and action—is an extremely rare event performed by a rare talent. Digital Storytelling The process of crafting the digital story builds communication, creativity, visual and sound literacy, and project management skills. Telling your stories with text, pictures, and your own narration is easy. Frames helps you engage your audience with features like pan and zoom, the ability to match frame duration to sound recording, and more. 41 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Make your creative work challenging, interactive and enjoyable Tip to everyone. WHAT’S IN A. Read carefully and understand the poem, “Blood” by Carmen Boullosa Then create a poem with similar meaning and tone. Create your own title related to the other parts of your body. After writing, post your Poem on your FB Status and encourage comments from your friends and followers. B. You may also add a melody of the Poem to compose your own song. Interpret your own song or let somebody sing it and Post it on your FB wall. C. Create a story out of your Poem using digital storytelling. Use the link below to know how to create a digital story. https://www.tech4learning.com/frames/ Blood Carmen Boullosa If it is the moon that governs the tides, what strange star controls the blood of our two different bodies? It is a star that your eyes can not see, not even mine, it lives hidden by the moon and the sun. His subject cruel plays with the signs of its particles, without fear to get in danger of bursting, or change shape, become once again minimal parts, asteroids into different orbits or dust, scattered dust pilgrim. A star absurd. It is because of him that my blood tends toward your. If they do not show any inclination towards me, then, it is that you’re in the lead mine, that you are my moon. You the one that controls my tendency. Through your veins do not burst circulates this dull sense, your blood limestone. 42 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES Grammar Grooming A pronoun that shows possession or ownership is called a possessive pronoun. It agrees to its referent. Sentence: The teacher took her apple and left. The pronoun her shows the teacher owns the apple. Sentence: The hikers spotted their guide on the trail. The pronoun their shows the hikers follow the guide who was assigned to the hikers. 43 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 Subject Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they Object Pronouns: me, you, him, her, it, us, them Possessive Pronouns: my (mine), your(s), his, hers, its, our(s), their(s) Singular indefinite pronouns: anyone, anybody, everybody, everyone, somebody, each, either, neither, and someone Unchecked: That ring belongs to my father, so it is him. Groomed: That ring belongs to my father, so it is his. Instructions. Revise the following sentences by using the correct form of pronouns. Write your answers to your notebook. 1. Bert can swim as far as me. 2. My Aunt Haide is older than me. 3. Andrae and Hero returned his books to the library. 4. You’re report is due today. 5. Who’s work is this? 6. There on the way to another championship year. 7. The shirt looks better on Joe than I. 8. After swimming fifty laps, Ray was more tired than us. 9. Everyone needs their own desk and chair. 10. Either of the girls can play his flute. 44 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 SELF - AND /OR PEER- LESSON ASSESSMENT OF THE 5 CREATIVE ADAPTATION OF A LITERARY TEXT Learning Competency: Do self - and /or peer-assessment of the creative adaptation of a literary text, based on rationalized criteria prior to presentation (4 hrs.) WHAT SHOULD I EXPECT Learning Objectives: At the end of this lesson, the learners are expected to: 1. craft creative adaptation of chosen literary text; and 2. evaluate creative adaptation using rationalized criteria for presentation. WHAT’S IN eVideo Mo From Page to Stage Read the short story, “Small People: The Cemetery Keeper” carefully internalizing its content and value. Then, create a short video clip about it. Record the video and submit through email. Be guided by the rubrics provided below. Small People: The Cemetery Keeper by: Regino L. Gonzale Jr. 45 Downloaded by Erica Cuthay ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|16288064 There was quite a commotion when two youngsters scampered away from their drinking table at a small store. One ran like being chased by a ghost and the other stumbled covering his face with his hands. Other smiling teenagers remained seated at their table slowly sipping red local wine. “What’s happening?” I asked one young drinker I recognized. “They are scared…Steve wanted to kiss them..", replied the guy laughing and pointed to Steve standing at the corner of the store holding a glass of wine offered to him by the drinkers. Years before 1950s, the Philippines did not have adequate primary health services and private medical practitioners were few in places other than in big cities. Many communities suffered outbreaks of ailments which could have been prevented by vaccination. The dreaded smallpox struck Steve’s town of Danao afflicting many residents, Steve among them. He was in his teens when smallpox disfigured his face with pockmarks. Steve’s real name was Esteban. Younger residents of the town addressed him as Steve while the older ones used his full name. Steve lived his teen years and many years of adulthood suffering from humiliation with his pockmarked face and a moniker in the vernacular which English equivalent is “Pockmarked Steve”. Peered closely, Steve’s face was like being punctured with craters similar to the moon’s surface. When in a group of friends and colleagues, Steve often became the butt of jokes and invented funny tales. There were remarks that Steve had a face that even a mother could not love and that his funny face could launch a thousand laughs. Steve’s distressing predicament made it difficult for him to seek and land any job, let alone find a mate. Notwithstanding, he lived a decent and colorful life. Behind his pockmarked face, he maintained a steely resolve to find himself a respectable slot in the social structure of the community. Steve managed to get by decently by doing sundry jobs that had few takers, by doing voluntary services and by honestly adhering to his Christian faith. He dug latrines and graves and sold candles and coffins. Some voluntary tasks and services he rendered endeared him to many residents of the town. He was almost always one of the first to offer condolences and assistance to a bereaved family and was usually around during prayers and wakes for the departed. On stage presentations during social gatherings, he always volunteered and participated as a jester, capitalizing on his terribly pockmarked face. Steve’s religiosity was also very well known in the community and was even noted by the town’s catholic priest, Father Alcoseba. He seldom missed the Sunday mass and joining any religious procession around the town. Undaunted by the playful taunts and jokes on his pockmarks, Steve learned a hilarious way to get back at his main tormentors, some of the town’s machos. Danao's menfolk embraced an unspoken and unwritten code of conduct not to harm the old, the women, and men of inferior st