Research Problem Categories PDF

The research problem LEARNING OBJECTIVE: describe the 1. categories of research in the division, regional, and national science, and technology fair (SCPiS_RS8TRP-IIa- 1) ...

The research problem LEARNING OBJECTIVE: describe the 1. categories of research in the division, regional, and national science, and technology fair (SCPiS_RS8TRP-IIa- 1)  Scien Life ce Science Invest Physical igator Science 1. y Robotics Projec and Research ts are Categori Intelligent cluste red Machines es (RIM) into Four Computati Major onal a. Life Science (LS) The life sciences are the study of living organisms. They deal with every aspect of living organisms, from the biology of cells, to the biology of individual organisms, to how these organisms interact with other organisms and their environment. The life sciences are so complex that most scientists focus on just one or two subspecialties.  ANIMAL SCIENCES Animal Behavior Cellular Studies Development Ecology Genetics Nutrition and Growth Physiology Systematics and Evolution MICROBIOLOG Y Antimicrobials and Antibiotics Applied Microbiology Bacteriology Environmental Microbiology Microbial Genetics Virology  PLANT SCIENCES Agriculture and Agronomy Ecology Genetics/Breeding Growth and Development Pathology Plant Physiology Systematics and Evolution BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Cell, Organ, and Systems Physiology Genetics and Molecular Biology of Disease Immunology Nutrition and Natural Products Pathophysiology CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Cell Physiology Cellular Immunology Genetics Molecular Biology Neurobiology Other TRANSLATIONAL MEDICAL SCIENCES Disease Detection and Diagnosis Disease Prevention Disease Treatment and Therapies Drug Identification and Testing Pre-Clinical Studies  It is the systematic study of the inorganic world, distinct from the b. study of the organic world, which is the Physical province of Physical science is Science biological science. ordinarily thought of as consisting of four (PS) broad areas: astronomy, physics, chemistry, and the Earth sciences. CHEMISTRY Analytical Chemistry Computational Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Materials Chemistry Organic Chemistry Physical Chemistry ENERGY: PHYSICAL Hydro Power Nuclear Power Solar Sustainable Design Thermal Power Wind  ENERGY: CHEMICAL Alternative Fuels Computational Energy Science Fossil Fuel Energy Fuel Cells and Battery Development Microbial Fuel Cells Solar Materials PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Astronomy and Cosmology Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics Biological Physics Condensed Matter and Materials Mechanics Nuclear and Particle Physics Theoretical, Computational and Quantum Physics ENGINEERING MECHANICS Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering Civil Engineering Computational Mechanics Control Theory Ground Vehicle Systems Industrial Engineering- Processing Mechanical Engineering Naval Systems MATERIALS SCIENCE Biomaterials Ceramic and Glasses Composite Materials Computation and Theory Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Nanomaterials Polymers ENVIRONMENTA L ENGINEERING Bioremediation Land Reclamation Pollution Control Recycling and Waste Management Water Resources Management  c. Robotics and Intelligent Machine (RIM) Studies in which the use of machine intelligence is paramount to reducing the reliance on human intervention. Biomechanics Cognitive Systems Control Theory Machine Learning Robot Kinematics  D. COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES Computational science is about the use of computers to solve science and engineering problems.  Examples of computational sciences Atmospheric sciences (e.g. weather forecasting, climate and ocean modelling, seismology etc.)  Astrophysics  Nuclear engineering  Fluid dynamics,  Structural analysis Categorization is a universal process that plays out across a wide variety of contexts in research. To categorize the research, you must understand first the subjects of the study and the variables used in experimentation. 2. Identifying a Research Problem What is a Research Problem? It is considered a situation that needs to be changed or addressed. These problems consist of: a. Areas of concern b. Conditions to be improved c. Difficulties to be eliminated d. Questions seeking answers  You The topic Consider should should be the have a important feasibility personal (significa of the interest nt) project. in the topic. Factors to consider in Selecting a Research Problem: a. Sources of a Research Problem According to (Ness, 2020) students, mentees, and clients to begin by examining their own experience within their personal and/or professional life as the basis for identifying a potential research problem. It is important that the researcher has some knowledge of the field and problem being examined, in that, completing a research is diffi cult enough without also learning about the topic being researched. Once a problem is identified, then turn to the recent scholarly (peer- reviewed) literature to identify support for that problem. Ensure that the support is tangible, such that it can be statistically anchored.  How to Select A Research Topic? (The University of Michigan-Flint, 2020) The ability to develop a good research topic is an important skill. An instructor may assign you a specific topic, but instructors most often require you to select your topic of interest. When deciding on a topic, there are a few things that you will need to do: brainstorm for ideas choose a topic that will enable you to read and understand the literature ensure that the topic is manageable, and that material is available make a list of key words be flexible define your topic as a focused research question research and read more about your topic formulate a thesis statement c. Formulating a Research Title The initial aim of a title is to capture the reader’s attention and to draw his or her attention to the research problem being investigated (Sacred Heart University Library, 2020). How to Construct Your Title? (Heintz, 2020) and (Orlan Lupogan, 2018) a. What is my problem statement? b. How will I solve this problem? c. What am I going to study? Step 1: Ask yourself a few questions about your research paper like Step 2: Identify and list keywords and phrases from these responses Step 3: Use these keywords to create one long sentence. Step 4: Create a working title Step 5: Eliminate all extra words or phrases to meet a suitable word count; place keywords at the beginning and end of your title Example of Writing a research title What is the Problem statement? - The possible sources of dye for fabric are plants’ part. How will I solve the problem? - Extract the part of the plants with dark-bright color, like leaves, flowers, fruits, bark, or roots. What subject will I study? - The leaves’ sap can be used as natural dye. Example of Writing a research title Put them together: ▪ The possible sources of dye for fabric are plants’ part ▪ Extract the part of the plants with dark- bright color, like leaves, flowers, fruits, bark, or roots. ▪ The leaves’ sap that can be used as natural dye.  Writing the statement of the problem The purpose of a problem statement is to: 1. Introduce the reader to the importance of the topic being studied. The reader is oriented to the significance of the study and the research questions or hypotheses to follow. 2. Places the problem into a particular context that defines the parameters of what is to be investigated. 3. Provides the framework for reporting the results and indicates what is probably necessary to conduct the study and explain how the findings will present this information. Basic characteristics of research problem For your research problem to be effective, make sure that it has these basic characteristics: o Reflecting on important issues or needs. o Basing on factual evidence (it’s non- hypothetical). o Being manageable and relevant. o Suggesting a testable and meaningful hypothesis (avoiding useless answers). 10 characteristics of a good research problem 1. The problem can be stated clearly and concisely. 2. The problem generates research questions. 3. It is grounded in theory. 4. It relates to one or more academic fields of study. 5. It has a base in the research literature. 10 characteristics of a good research problem 6. It has potential significance/importance. 7. It is do-able within the time frame, budget. 8. Suffi cient data are available or can be obtained. 9. The researcher’s methodological strengths can be applied to the problem. 10. The problem is new; it is not already answered suffi ciently. B. Main Problems and Sub Problems of the Research According to (Davis, 2021), as nouns the difference between problem and subproblem is that problem is a diffi culty that must be resolved or dealt with while subproblem is a problem whose solution contributes to the solution of a larger problem. The principal research problem is usually divided into more manageable sub- problems. A subproblem is a subpart of the main problem that is an integral part of the main problem. For example: Let's say we are going to study the eff ect of a new drug, drug A, on lung cancer. This is a big project, so we can divide this main problem into several sub-problems. First, we may first investigate the eff ect of the drug to the growth of lung cancer cells by adding diff erent amounts of drug A to the cells, and then measuring their growth. Then, we could perform animal studies by setting up another set of experiments to test the eff ect of various concentrations of the drug on rats induced with lung cancer. We could also to investigate how drug A might be used to kill lung cancer cells. Characteristics of sub- problems 1. Subproblem should be a complete and researchable unit. 2. A subproblem must be clearly tied to the interpretation of the data. 3. Sub-problems you choose to research must add up to the totality of the problem; remember, all these subproblems are broken down from the main problem.