Q2-Lesson 3-Animal Raising PDF

HELE 6 SECOND QUARTER HANDOUT Topic: Animal Raising Animal and fish raising is one of the sources of livelihood of many Filipinos especially in rural areas. It is a small industry that can be done in one’s backyar...

HELE 6 SECOND QUARTER HANDOUT Topic: Animal Raising Animal and fish raising is one of the sources of livelihood of many Filipinos especially in rural areas. It is a small industry that can be done in one’s backyard or vacant lot. The people who raise four-legged animals are called animal raisers, while those who raise fish are called fish farmers. 2 Types of Animals Raising 1. Livestock 2. Fish Raising Kinds of Animals/Fish Raised as Livelihood Animals Fish 1. Hogs or swine (pork) 1. Bangus (milkfish) 2. Cattle or cow (beef) 2. Tilapia 3. Goat (chevon) 3. Hito (catfish) 4. Carabao (carabeef) 4. Dalag (mudfish) 5. Sheep (wool or meat) 5. Talaba (oyster) 6. Tahong (mussel) 7. Alimasag (crab) 8. Alimango (mud crab) 9. Halaan, Kabibe, Tulya (clams) 10. Hipon (shrimps)  11. Sugpo (prawns) 12. Kuhol (snails) Fish Raising - is raising fish in controlled environments Controlled Fishing Environments a. fishpond - is a small pond in which edible fish are raised for commercial purposes b. Aquaculture - is the farming of aquatic animals, including fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and aquatic plants. Benefits Derived from Animal/Fish Raising 1. It is a means of livelihood or source of income for many families. 2. It instills the spirit of entrepreneurship, hard work, and industry in individuals who are in the business. 3. It can be a good hobby for those interested in animal/fish raising. 4. It contributes to the economy of the family and the community. 5. It encourages other members of the family to participate and help in the family business. Implementing the Plan of the Family’s Animal Raising Project Implementing means putting into action what has been planned. 1. Be systematic in raising and caring for your animals. 2. Use a chart to record the growth and progress of each animal. 3. Monitor regularly the growth and progress of animals using the chart. 4. If problems occur regarding the health and progress of animals, consult other experienced animal growers. 5. Surf the internet to gain more knowledge and be updated on recent studies. Health and Safety Practices in Taking Care of Animals 1. Have all tools and equipment needed in raising animals. 2. Know the kind of feeds to buy. Store this properly. 3. Consult your veterinarian. 4. Keep the animal house durable, well-ventilated, well-constructed, clean, and orderly all the time. 5. Always wear working clothes, gloves, and mask, if needed. 6. Isolate an animal that is sick. Raising Hogs Proper care of the hogs can ensure their good health. Healthy hogs give a good return  of money spent on raising them. Proper care includes the following: 1. Proper Housing A typical backyard piggery house is built out of hollow blocks or concrete or galvanized sheets for roofing. 2. Food Feeding is done twice a day. Additional feeds such as ipil-ipil leaves, kangkong, camote tops, alugbati, and other leafy vegetables are good for the pigs. Home-raised pigs are usually given fresh leftovers. 3. Proper Care of the Hogs Bathe the hogs every day. This will make them feel refreshed and comfortable. Always keep their pigpens always clean. Raising Cows Beef is a meat from cows. Just like pork, it is a rich source of protein. Proper care includes the following: 1. Housing Hollow blocks, bamboos, or coconut lumber are materials used for cattle housing. The pen is usually low at about 1 to 1 ½ meters high. 2. Food Feed the cow with ipil-ipil leaves, grass, crushed copra, hay, bamboo leaves, rice bran, and the pointed end of sugar cane. 3. Taking care of the cow To ensure the health and safety of the cow, it is best to keep the animal and its housing always clean. Bathe the cow at least once a week for a good appetite. Be sure that the cow has been vaccinated so it can be immuned from diseases. Raising Goats Goats can be sold for their meat, milk, or they can be sold alive. Proper care includes the following: 1. Housing The size of the household should be suitable to the number of goats to be raised. A regular house measures approximately 2 meters by 4 meters. 2. Food Goats thrive in fresh grass and leaves of aratiles, ipil-ipil, kakawate, madre de kakaw, tamarind, gumamela, as well as talinum, saluyot, and other fresh leaves. They can also be fed with corn grits, copra and darak. 3. Taking care of the Goats To avoid any infection or disease, always keep the floor clean. This eliminates any foul odor and at the same time keeps the goats healthy and comfortable. Provide plenty of clean drinking water. Raising Fish There are two types of inland bodies of water where fish can be raised. Natural bodies of water include bays, brooks, creeks, rivers, springs, swamps, and streams. Artificial bodies of water include tanks, reservoir, and dams. The basic requirement for a successful backyard fishpond includes the availability of suitable stocks, supply of fresh water, drainage, knowledge of source of feeds and feeding requirements, and knowledge of pond construction. Possible Hazards of Animal Raising to People and Community When animals and their houses are not properly maintained, it can cause a number of hazards for the people in the neighborhood. Some of these hazards include: 1. Pollution – animal waste that is not properly disposed and left exposed in the backyard can produce a very unpleasant smell causing air pollution. 2. Infection and diseases – flies and insects carrying disease-causing bacteria can settle on food and belongings of the family, thus contaminating their food and belongings which can cause diarrhea, food infection, skin infection, and other diseases. 3. Flies and insect infestations – if not controlled, flies and other insects can multiply fast, then spread out in the community which can cause disturbance, stress, and diseases. Ways to Prevent Hazards Brought About by Raising Animals 1. Put up septic tanks for the proper disposal of animal waste. 2. Established the housing of animals far from houses and the neighborhood. 3. Have sufficient fences/walls and try to minimize air pollution caused by decayed animal wastes. 4. Clean and disinfect the houses of animals regularly. 5. Have adequate space for animals to move. 6. Consult a veterinarian regularly to ensure the health condition of every animal. 7. Animals that die from diseases must be buried properly and immediately to prevent the spread of possible infection and disease. 8. Maintain a health and sanitation program for animals to ensure their health and safety. Prepared by: HELE/COMPUTER 6 TEACHERS SOURCES: -Learning and Living in the 21st Century (Worktext in Home Economics and Livelihood Education 6) -4th Edition Home Economics and Livelihood Education 6